Extending Social Learning Theory to Explain Victimization Among Gang and Ex-Gang Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 4124-4141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analisa Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Violent Victimization ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Female Gang Members

This study is among the first to extend and test social learning theory’s ability to understand property and violent victimization. It specifically tests whether aspects of definitions, differential reinforcement, and differential association/modeling can explain the three types of victimization of gang members: actual experience, perception of likelihood, and fear. The sample consists of over 300 male and female gang members incarcerated in jails throughout Florida. The results show that all three types of victimization can be explained by the three aspects of social learning theory.

A Longitudinal Test of Social Learning Theory: Adolescent Smoking

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Akers ◽  
Gang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
The Social

A general social learning theory of deviance is applied to adolescent smoking as a form of sustance use and tested with data from a 5-year longitudinal study of a panel (N=454) of respondents in grades 7 through 12 in an Iowa community. The major components of the process specified in the theory are differential association, differential reinforcement, definitions (attitudes), and modeling. The process is one in which the operation of these variables produces abstinence or smoking, but with some reciprocal effects of smoking behavior on the social learning variables. Previous research on various kinds of deviance and substance use has been supportive of the theory. The findings in this study from LISREL models of the overall social learning process and each of the component of association, reinforcement, and definitions are also supportive.

Perceived social trust among educational counselors

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Random Method ◽  
Trust Scale

Research title: Social trust among educational counselors. The current research aims to identify: The perceived social trust of educational counselors. 1- Statistically significant differences in the perceived social trust of educational counselors according to gender (males, females), length of service (1-5, 6-10, 11 and more) and school (primary, intermediate, preparatory( . To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher relied on the following: 1- Using the descriptive associative approach to reveal the perceived social trust of educational counselors. 2- Perceived social trust scale based on Rotter’s social learning theory. In its final form, the scale consisted of (36) items after completing the conditions of honesty, stability, discriminatory strength, and internal consistency, which were divided into three areas (predictability, reliability and belief( . To complement this, the researcher applied the scale to a sample of (300) male and female guides in the schools of the center, districts and sub-districts of the General Directorate of Al-Qadisiyah Education, which were selected by the stratified random method according to the proportional method. After collecting the data and processing it statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), the research reached the following results: A - The educational counselors have a perceived social confidence that is statistically significant. B - There are no statistically significant differences in the perceived social confidence of educational counselors according to the gender variable (males, females.( C- There are statistically significant differences in the perceived social confidence of educational counselors according to the variable length of service (1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11 years and more), as the results showed that educational counselors whose service exceeds (11 years) have confidence Perceived social is more than the rest of the counselors, followed by the educational counselors with (5-10 years) and finally the educational counselors with the service (1-5 years). This indicates that the level of perceived social trust increases with the increase in the level of service. And to complement the findings of the research, the researcher recommended several recommendations and suggestions

Doping Among Professional Athletes in Iran: A Test of Akers’s Social Learning Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1384-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Kabiri ◽  
John K. Cochran ◽  
Bernadette J. Stewart ◽  
Mahmoud Sharepour ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Rahmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
In Doping ◽  
Doping Behavior ◽  
Performance Enhancing Drugs

The use of performance-enhancing drugs (PED) is common among Iranian professional athletes. As this phenomenon is a social problem, the main purpose of this research is to explain why athletes engage in “doping” activity, using social learning theory. For this purpose, a sample of 589 professional athletes from Rasht, Iran, was used to test assumptions related to social learning theory. The results showed that there are positive and significant relationships between the components of social learning theory (differential association, differential reinforcement, imitation, and definitions) and doping behavior (past, present, and future use of PED). The structural modeling analysis indicated that the components of social learning theory accounts for 36% of the variance in past doping behavior, 35% of the variance in current doping behavior, and 32% of the variance in future use of PED.

Social Media and Technology May Change the Culture of Rape on College Campuses

2019 ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Sherri L. Niblett ◽  
Melissa L. Rakes
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Differential Association Theory ◽  
Media And Technology

This chapter per the authors identifies the problem of rape culture on college campuses, and within the nation, and the idea that social media and technology have not only brought much-needed attention to the issue of sexual assault and violence to the forefront, but it can also serve as a catalyst for college campuses to combat the issue by enlisting the help of its faculty, staff, students, and especially the college's student celebrities. It examines the effect of Social Learning Theory, Differential Association Theory of Deviance, and Feminism as a means to identify faults in our nation's culture, and to use this same method to correct the attitudes of all involved concerning rape culture, bystander intervention, and other aspects of fighting rape culture through the avenue of social media and technology.

Social Learning Theory

Criminology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Holt
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Peer Attitudes ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Reinforcement Model ◽  
The Impact

Social learning theory has had a distinct and lasting impact on the field of criminology. This framework evolved from Edwin Sutherland’s Differential Association in the 1940s, which argued that crime is learned through interactions with intimate peers where individuals acquire definitions that support or refute the violation of law. This theory was revised in Burgess and Akers 1966 (see Social Learning) to become a Differential Association-Reinforcement model recognizing the impact of peer attitudes and reactions to delinquency. The theory was further revised in the 1970s and 1980s to become a social learning model developed by Ronald Akers. This model builds from the previous work by recognizing the significance of delinquent peers, differential definitions of and reinforcement for offending behaviors, and the influence of imitation of peer behavior. Finally, Akers adapted the model in 1998 to become a macro-level model of delinquency and crime by arguing that social learning mediates the influence of structural factors on offending. This perspective provides a distinct framework to understand the influence of human agency, social forces, and peers on behavior.

Social Media and Technology May Change the Culture of Rape on College Campuses

2017 ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Sherri L. Niblett ◽  
Melissa L. Rakes
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Differential Association Theory ◽  
Media And Technology

This chapter per the authors identifies the problem of rape culture on college campuses, and within the nation, and the idea that social media and technology have not only brought much-needed attention to the issue of sexual assault and violence to the forefront, but it can also serve as a catalyst for college campuses to combat the issue by enlisting the help of its faculty, staff, students, and especially the college's student celebrities. It examines the effect of Social Learning Theory, Differential Association Theory of Deviance, and Feminism as a means to identify faults in our nation's culture, and to use this same method to correct the attitudes of all involved concerning rape culture, bystander intervention, and other aspects of fighting rape culture through the avenue of social media and technology.

A Social Learning Model of Antisocial Coaching Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 860-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Kabiri ◽  
Seyyedeh Masoomeh (Shamila) Shadmanfaat ◽  
Hayden Smith ◽  
John Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Differential Association ◽  
Head Coaches ◽  
Assistant Coaches ◽  
Coaching Behavior

Studies of antisocial behavior in sports are important, although most lack a theoretical framework. The current study examines the endorsement of antisocial behavior in a sample of coaches using social learning theory. This features a survey of 268 Head Coaches and Assistant Coaches in the Tehran Provincial League, Iran. Results indicate that differential association, differential reinforcement, definitions, and imitation have a significant impact on antisocial behavior, with differential association being the most influential construct. Higher education in coaches was associated with lower levels of antisocial behavior. This suggests that antisocial coaching behavior is learned in a similar manner to prosocial behaviors, and that desistance requires assessment of the learning process.

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