scholarly journals Platelet Counts in Stored Donor Blood

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Russell ◽  
L. J. Tunbridge
Keyword(s):  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The One ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

Platelets were counted in eight units each of one- and three-day-old blood. Counts were done both before and after the blood had passed through a standard 170 micron filter. In the one-day-old blood, platelet counts were within the normal range. The mean count was 237,000 platelets/microlitre. Platelet counts on three-day-old blood were lower, but generally still within the normal range. The mean count was 183,000/microlitre. Only a few platelets were retained by the filter in the transfusion set; about 90% of platelets passed the filter in both the one- and three-day-old blood. It appears that whole blood, anticoagulated with citrate/phosphate/dextrose (CPD), and stored under Australian blood bank conditions retains platelets in sufficient numbers for at least the first three days to be clinically significant. However, it remains to be determined whether satisfactory platelet activity can be expected during this time.

Immunologic Assessment of Patients Treated with Bovine Fibrin as a Hemostatic Agent

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (06) ◽  
pp. 0925-0931 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Carroll ◽  
Keith A Moskowitz ◽  
Niloo M Edwards ◽  
Thomas J Hickey ◽  
Eric A Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

SummaryTwenty-one cardiothoracic surgical patients have been treated with fibrin as a topical hemostatic/sealing agent, prepared from bovine fibrinogen clotted with bovine thrombin. Serum samples have been collected before treatment with fibrin and postoperatively between 1 and 9 days, 3 and 12 weeks, and 6 and 8 months. The titers of anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies, measured by ELISA specific for immunoglobulins IgG or IgM, increased to maximal values after about 8 or 6 weeks, respectively. After 8 months, IgG titers were on average 20-fold lower than the mean maximal value, while IgM titers returned to the normal range. IgG was the predominant anti-bovine fibrinogen immunoglobulin as documented by ELISA, affinity chromatography and electrophoresis. Anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies present in patients reacted readily with bovine fibrinogen, but did not cross-react with human fibrinogen as measured by ELISA or by immunoelectrophoresis. A significant amount of antibodies against bovine thrombin and factor V has been found, many cross-reacting with the human counterparts. No hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, or clinically significant allergic reactions, occurred in any patient, in spite of antibody presence against some bovine and human coagulation factors. The treatment of patients with bovine fibrin, without induction of immunologic response against human fibrinogen, appeared to be an effective topical hemostatic/sealing measure.

Can education and training improve the adoption of a psychosocial group treatment by dementia services?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-500
Author(s):  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Kathy Peri
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Training Workshop ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
And Training

Objective: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a psychosocial group treatment for people with dementia. The aims of this project were to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of a one-day training workshop; (b) measure the uptake of CST following the workshops; and (c) explore the barriers of implementing CST. Method: Ten workshops were conducted. Attendees completed a self-evaluation at the end of the training day and were later invited to complete an online survey enquiring about implementation. Results: Two hundred and fourteen workshop attendees completed the self-evaluation. The mean self-rated knowledge and skills for conducting and facilitating CST (1 = No skills, 5 = Very good skills) was 2.3 (SD = 1.2) and 4.3 (SD = 0.7) before and after the workshop, respectively ( p = 0.000). The mean self-rated confidence for applying learning to conducting and facilitating CST was 4.2 (SD = 0.7) (1 = Not confident, 5 = Very confident). There were 11 CST programmes started after the workshops and another 10 sites were in the process of starting CST programmes. The main barriers of implementation were lack of staff time/funding and problems of finding suitable participants with dementia. Conclusions: The one-day training workshop is an effective method to disseminate CST. Addressing the barriers identified could improve the adoption of CST in practice.

Short preheating at 41°C leads to a red blood cells count comparable to that in RET channel of Sysmex analysers in samples showing cold agglutination

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio La Gioia ◽  
Maurizio Fumi ◽  
Fabiana Fiorini ◽  
Paola Pezzati ◽  
Fiamma Balboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Cold Agglutinin ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Preanalytical Conditions ◽  
Rbc Count

AimsThe presence of cold agglutinin in blood samples can cause a spontaneous agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) when low temperature occurs. This phenomenon causes a spurious lowering of RBC count on the automated haematological analysers that are detected by incongruous values (≥370 g/L) of the mean cellular haemoglobi concentration (MCHC). A preheating at 37°C can remove the RBC agglutination generally resulting in a reliable count. It has been reported that the same result can be reached by using the optical reticulocyte (RET) channel of Sysmex analysers where the RBC count is not influenced by the presence of cold agglutinin. This study aims to evaluate these data in a larger population, with regard to environmental conditions on Sysmex analysers. We have also evaluated the influence of different thermal pretreatments on the RBC count.MethodsThis study was performed on 96 remnants of peripheral blood samples (48 with MCHC in normal range and 48 with MCHC>370 g/L) which have been analysed in different preanalytical conditions on the Sysmex analysers.ResultsA preheating of samples at 41°C for 1 min leads to a reversibility of the cold agglutination comparable to the one observed in the RET channel and yields better results compared with 37°C for 2 hours.ConclusionsNone of described procedures assure the complete cold agglutination reversibility in every case. Consequently, since the haematological analysers not yet provide reliable parameters to confirm the complete resolution of agglutination, further verification of RBC count accuracy needs to be performed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Wildfires on Aerosol Size Distributions in Rural Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alonso-Blanco ◽  
A. I. Calvo ◽  
R. Fraile ◽  
A. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Mode ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Number Of Particles

The number of particles and their size distributions were measured in a rural area, during the summer, using a PCASP-X. The aim was to study the influence of wildfires on particle size distributions. The comparative studies carried out reveal an average increase of around ten times in the number of particles in the fine mode, especially in sizes between 0.10 and 0.14 μm, where the increase is of nearly 20 times. An analysis carried out at three different points in time—before, during, and after the passing of the smoke plume from the wildfires—shows that the mean geometric diameter of the fine mode in the measurements affected by the fire is smaller than the one obtained in the measurements carried out immediately before and after (0.14 μm) and presents average values of 0.11 μm.

Effect of Thioridazine on Phenytoin Serum Concentration: A Retrospective Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Sands ◽  
J. Daniel Robinson ◽  
Ronald B. Salem ◽  
Ronald B. Stewart ◽  
Carlos Muniz
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

Serum Phenytoin concentrations before and after the addition of thioridazine were retrospectively compared in 27 adults to determine if an interaction occurred between these two drugs. A change in the serum phenytoin concentration of ± 4 μg/ml was considered clinically significant; by this definition four patients (14.8 percent) had an increase, two (7.4 percent) had a decrease, and most (77.8 percent) demonstrated no change. The mean difference was 0.8 μg/ml ± 3.7 μg/ml and was not found to be statistically significant (p < 0.1). Clinically important alterations in phenytoin serum concentration as caused by thioridazine appear to be infrequent.

scholarly journals Teprotumumab for the treatment of chronic thyroid eye disease

Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ugradar ◽  
Julia Kang ◽  
Andrea L. Kossler ◽  
Erin Zimmerman ◽  
Jenna Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Soft Tissue Volume ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Fat Volume ◽  
Post Therapy ◽  
Orbital Soft Tissue

Abstract Background Teprotumumab, a novel IGF-1R antibody was recently shown to significantly reduce the signs of active Thyroid eye disease (TED). The current study reviews its efficacy in chronic TED. Methods In this retrospective review, consecutive patients with chronic stable TED (>2 years), who had received ≥3 infusions of teprotumumab were included. All patients had measurements of proptosis, and calculation of the CAS and diplopia scores before and after therapy. Five-point strabismus scores were also calculated. Patients who had imaging within 4 months prior to therapy and 6 weeks post therapy underwent orbital 3D volumetric analysis. Results Thirty-one patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) duration of TED was 81 months (56) and the mean (SD) number of infusions received by each patient was 7 (2). Mean (SD) reduction in proptosis for each study orbit was 3.5 mm (0.4) and 3 mm (0.3) for the fellow orbit. The CAS response was 90% for the study orbit and 87% for the fellow orbit. Of the 15 patients who had diplopia at baseline, 67% had a clinically significant response, while 47% had complete resolution following treatment. Following teprotumumab, mean (SD) reduction of muscle tissue was 2011 mm3 (1847) in the study orbit and 1620 mm3 (1759) in the fellow orbit. The mean (SD) reduction of fat volume was 2101 mm3 (1681) in the study orbit and 1370 mm3 (1181) in the fellow orbit. Conclusion Teprotumumab significantly reduces proptosis, inflammation, diplopia, strabismus and orbital soft tissue volume in patients with chronic TED.

Influence Of Yoga Or Blood Coagulation

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
I S Chohan ◽  
H S Nayar ◽  
P Thomas ◽  
N S Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Low Levels

Yoga,an ancient Indian cult,is knovn to endow one with perfect physical,mental and spiritual health. Its effect on blood coagulation is not known. A pilot study was conducted, Seven adult males underwent a combination of yogic exercises, daily one hour,for 4 months. Parameters of blood coagulation were estimated before commencement of yoga and then repeated at the end of training. These included: haemoglobin(Hb) gm/dl,haematocrit (Hct), blood platelet counts in thousands/cu mm, activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) sec, platelet aggregation time(FAT) sec, fibrinogen mg/dl, and euglobulin fibrinolytic activityfFA) measured as area of lysis in sq mm. Final results were compared with the initial ones. All values are expressed as Mean ± SEM.Following yoga, Hb Showed a significant rise from 13.5 ±;, 0.1 to 14.5 ± 0.3 and so did Hct from 44.5 ± 1.1 to 49.3 ± 1.2. FA increased significantly from 271 ± 36 to 443 ± 6 4, it was accompanied by a fall in fibrinogen from 2 54± 17 to 202 ± 10. APTT prolonged from 16.4 ± 0.2 to 17.4 ± 0.7 and so did PAT from 3 3 .O ± 3 .? to 40.1 ± 9.75 though differences here were not significant. Blood platelet counts showed a marginal but significant rise from 336.6 ± 26.3 to 391.6 ± 10.0.This study suggests that yoga induces a state of hypocoagulability evident by raised FA,fall in fibrinogen,suppressed platelet activity and low levels of activated clotting factors. Yogic exercises,therefore,may be instituted for prevention of cardiovascular and thrombotic disorders in man. Benefits of yoga seem to accrue from oarasympathodominance and symnathetic quiescence of the autonomic nervous system brought about by yoga.

Effects of levels of food intake and body condition on the sensitivity of the hypothalamus and pituitary to ovarian steroid feedback in ovariectomized ewes

1991 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Rhind ◽  
S. McMillen ◽  
W. A. C. McKelvey
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Body Condition Scores

ABSTRACTIn two experiments involving ovariectomized Scottish Blackface ewes and steroid replacement therapy, the effects of level of food intake and of body condition on hypothalamic and pituitary sensitivity to progesterone and oestradiol feedback were investigated. In experiment 1, groups of 16 ewes in similar levels of body condition were given dried grass pellets ad libitum (mean dry-matter (DM) intake of 2481 (s.e. 71) g per head per day; group H) or 1105 g DM per head per day (group M). In experiment 2, groups of 16 ewes were fed so that they achieved body condition scores of 2·70 (s.e. 0040; group HBC) or 1·67 (s.e. 0·036; group LBC) prior to the start of the experiment. All ewes were then fed to maintain their respective levels of body condition. In both experiments, all ewes were ovariectomized and intravaginal progesterone pessaries and subcutaneous oestradiol implants were inserted; these were designed to induce circulating concentrations of these steroids within the normal range for intact ewes. Approximately 1 week later, blood samples were collected at 15-min intervals for 10 h, and at 10-min intervals for 8 h before and after pessary withdrawal respectively. All samples were assayed for LH and selected samples were assayed for FSH and progesterone. Gonadotropin profiles were also recorded during 2-h periods following injection (i.v.) of 0·25 μg and 5 μg GnRH. When circulating progesterone concentrations were elevated, due to the presence of a progesterone pessary, there was no effect of level of food intake on mean LH or FSH concentrations or mean LH pulse frequency but H ewes had a higher mean LH pulse amplitude than M ewes (P < 005). When the progesterone pessaries were absent, H ewes had a higher mean LH concentration (P < 001), mean LH pulse frequency (P < 001) and LH pulse amplitude (P < 0·01) than M ewes but mean FSH concentrations were similar in the two groups. Irrespective of the presence or absence of elevated progesterone concentrations, the pituitary responses to GnRH injection were either not significantly different or were lower in H compared with M ewes. In experiment 2, HBC ewes had a higher mean LH concentration (P < 001), LH pulse frequency (P < 0·001), pulse amplitude (P < 0·001) and FSH concentration (P < 001) than LBC ewes, irrespective of circulating progesterone concentrations. The mean heights and ‘areas’ of the LH peak induced by injection of 0·25 μg GnRH were larger in HBC than LBC ewes (P < 005) irrespective of circulating progesterone concentrations. When mean concentrations before injection were taken into account, the corresponding increases in FSH concentration were similar for the two groups. Following injection of 5 u.g GnRH, the differences in peak size were generally not significant. It is concluded that during the follicular phase of the cycle, a low level of intake is associated with increased hypothalamic sensitivity, but not pituitary sensitivity to oestradiol feedback. Body condition affects both hypothalamic and pituitary activity but the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of body condition on the sensitivity of these organs to steroid feedback, remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Determination of carboxyhaemoglobin and methaemoglobin levels in donated blood

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e294101018859
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cristina Pupin Silvério ◽  
Simone Caetani Machado ◽  
Vanessa Caroline Cardoso Silva ◽  
Estéfane Rodrigues ◽  
Isarita Martins
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Donated Blood ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

To determine the percentages of carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and methaemoglobin (MeHb) in donor blood and to compare these levels between smokers and nonsmokers at different time points during blood storage. Blood donors were recruited from Haematology Service, University Hospital Alzira Velano, Alfenas-MG. The blood was kept in collecting ducts (noodles) containing citrate, phosphate and dextrose (CPD) and stored at 4°C throughout the storage period. Since the noodles kept the characteristics of the bags, COHb and MeHb levels were analysed on the day of donation and after 20 days of storage. Levels of COHb and MeHb were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Non-parametric Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests were employed to compare COHb and MeHb levels before and after the storage and groups of smokers and nonsmokers, respectively. Levels of COHb and MeHb in the blood collected from smokers and nonsmokers were statistically different (p< 0.05; Mann- Whitney test) when the samples were analyzed before the storage. In blood of smokers, COHb levels were no different over a 20-day storage period (p= 0.7009; Friedman test). On the other hand, MeHb levels were significant different over a 20-day storage period (p< 0.05). The results suggest the need to regularly assess COHb and MeHb levels in donor blood stored in blood banks.

scholarly journals Metabolism of Human Prothrombin and Fibrinogen in Patients With Thrombocytosis Secondary to Myeloproliferative States

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Martinez ◽  
Sandor S. Shapiro ◽  
Ruth R. Holburn
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Catabolic Rate ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Platelet Level ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Simultaneous studies of the metabolism of 125I-prothrombin and 131I-fibrinogen were performed in ten patients with thrombocytosis secondary to myeloproliferative syndromes. The mean fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of prothrombin was 61.9%, differing significantly from the normal mean of 42.5% (p <0.01). Similarly, the mean FCR of fibrinogen was 34.0%, differing significantly from the normal mean of 23.9% (p <0.01). Excellent correlation existed between the increased FCRs of prothrombin and fibrinogen but not between these FCRs and the platelet level, at least for platelet counts above 1,000,000/cu mm. Therapeutic reduction of platelet counts to the normal range was associated with a normalization of FCRs as well.

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