Comparison of Trip Determination Methods in Household Travel Surveys Enhanced by a Global Positioning System

2005 ◽  
Vol 1917 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Forrest ◽  
David F. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Household Travel

Improvements in vehicular tracking with Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) have fostered new analysis methods in transportation planning. Emerging geographical information systems have helped in developing new techniques in the collection and analysis of data specifically for travel demand forecasting. In 2002, more than 150 households in Laredo, Texas, participated in a GPS-enhanced household travel survey. Trip diary data were collected by means of a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), and GPS trip data were collected from survey participants’ vehicles. For trip purpose, a comparison of the two data sets yielded significant results. It was found that the number of trips in the GPS data was much greater than the number reported in the CATI data. Despite that, almost all home-based work (HBW) trips found in the GPS data were also found in the CATI data. That result differs sharply from the other trip purposes: home-based nonwork (HBNW) and non-home-based (NHB); for these two trip purposes, less than half the trips found in the GPS data were found in the CATI data. That result indicates the potential for serious deficiencies in the CATI process for collecting certain types of trips in the region of study. In additional, household size and household income were found to be significant factors affecting the reporting accuracy in the CATI data. Despite that, the CATI method of household trip data retrieval is still considered to be an effective and valuable tool.

Estimating Household Travel Energy Consumption in Conjunction with a Travel Demand Forecasting Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2668 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venu M. Garikapati ◽  
Daehyun You ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Ram M. Pendyala ◽  
Subhrajit Guhathakurta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Energy Footprint ◽  
Household Travel

This paper presents a methodology for the calculation of the consumption of household travel energy at the level of the traffic analysis zone (TAZ) in conjunction with information that is readily available from a standard four-step travel demand model system. This methodology embeds two algorithms. The first provides a means of allocating non-home-based trips to residential zones that are the source of such trips, whereas the second provides a mechanism for incorporating the effects of household vehicle fleet composition on fuel consumption. The methodology is applied to the greater Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan region in the United States and is found to offer a robust mechanism for calculating the footprint of household travel energy at the level of the individual TAZ; this mechanism makes possible the study of variations in the energy footprint across space. The travel energy footprint is strongly correlated with the density of the built environment, although socioeconomic differences across TAZs also likely contribute to differences in travel energy footprints. The TAZ-level calculator of the footprint of household travel energy can be used to analyze alternative futures and relate differences in the energy footprint to differences in a number of contributing factors and thus enables the design of urban form, formulation of policy interventions, and implementation of awareness campaigns that may produce more-sustainable patterns of energy consumption.

Tracking livestock using global positioning systems - are we still lost?

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Swain ◽  
M. A. Friend ◽  
G. J. Bishop-Hurley ◽  
R. N. Handcock ◽  
T. Wark
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Global Positioning Systems ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Free Grazing

Since the late 1980s, satellite-based global positioning systems (GPS) have provided unique and novel data that have been used to track animal movement. Tracking animals with GPS can provide useful information, but the cost of the technology often limits experimental replication. Limitations on the number of devices available to monitor the behaviour of animals, in combination with technical constraints, can weaken the statistical power of experiments and create significant experimental design challenges. The present paper provides a review and synthesis of using GPS for livestock-based studies and suggests some future research directions. Wildlife ecologists working in extensive landscapes have pioneered the use of GPS-based devices for tracking animals. Wildlife researchers have focussed efforts on quantifying and addressing issues associated with technology limitations, including spatial accuracy, rate of data collection, battery life and environmental factors causing loss of data. It is therefore not surprising that there has been a significant number of methodological papers published in the literature that have considered technical developments of GPS-based animal tracking. Livestock scientists have used GPS data to inform them about behavioural differences in free-grazing experiments. With a shift in focus from the environment to the animal comes the challenge of ensuring independence of the experimental unit. Social facilitation challenges independence of the individual in a group. The use of spatial modelling methods to process GPS data provides an opportunity to determine the degree of independence of data collected from an individual animal within behavioural-based studies. By using location and movement information derived from GPS data, researchers have been able to determine the environmental impact of grazing animals as well as assessing animal responses to management activities or environmental perturbations. Combining satellite-derived remote-sensing data with GPS-derived landscape preference indices provides a further opportunity to identify landscape avoidance and selection behaviours. As spatial livestock monitoring tools become more widely used, there will be a greater need to ensure the data and associated processing methods are able to answer a broader range of questions. Experimental design and analytical techniques need to be given more attention if GPS technology is to provide answers to questions associated with free-grazing animals.

scholarly journals Understanding Geographic Information Systems and Global Positioning Systems in Horticultural Applications

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie W. Heiniger
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Global Positioning Systems ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Global Positioning

New technologies such as differential global positioning systems (DGPS) and geographical information systems (GIS) are making it possible to manage variability in soil properties and the microenvironment within a field. By providing information about where variability occurs and the patterns that exist in crop and soil properties, DGPS and GIS technologies have the potential of improving crop management practices. Yield monitoring systems linked to DGPS receivers are available for several types of horticultural crops and can be used in variety selection and/or improving crop management. Precision soil sampling and remote sensing technologies can be used to scout for infestations of insects, diseases, or weeds, to determine the distribution of soil nutrients, and to monitor produce quality by measuring crop vigor. Combined with variable rate application systems, precision soil sampling and remote sensing can help direct fertilizer, herbicide, pesticide, and/or fungicide applications to only those regions of the field that require soil amendments or are above threshold levels. This could result in less chemical use and improved crop performance. As with any information driven system, the data must be accurate, inexpensive to collect, and, most importantly, must become part of a decision process that results in improvements in crop yield, productivity, and/or environmental stewardship.

scholarly journals Challenges in geographical information science

2011 ◽  
Vol 467 (2133) ◽  
pp. 2431-2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Goodchild
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Scientific Questions

Geographical information science can be defined as that branch of information science that deals with the geographical domain, or as the set of fundamental scientific questions raised by geographical information and the technologies that collect, manipulate and communicate it. Geographical information can reveal interesting patterns that point in some cases to causal mechanisms. The use of Global Positioning Systems and online services has led to numerous rich sources of real-time data, and to the empowerment of the average citizen as a maker of maps, an empowerment that is especially valuable during emergencies when a dense network of citizens can potentially replace the services of scarce and expensive mapping experts. The concept of Digital Earth was defined more than a decade ago and has since been realized in several virtual-globe services that employ hierarchical data structures to support rapid pan and zoom. Research over the past two decades has led to the identification of a series of fundamental empirical principles that are broadly true of all geographical information, and that provide the basis for the design of geographical databases and analytical methods. Rapid deployment of geographical information technologies raises a series of social issues, including privacy, that are likely to become more threatening in the future. The paper ends with a summary of some of the core challenges and future of geographical information science.

Impact of Underreporting on Mileage and Travel Time Estimates: Results from Global Positioning System-Enhanced Household Travel Survey

2003 ◽  
Vol 1854 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Wolf ◽  
Marcelo Oliveira ◽  
Miriam Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Travel Survey ◽  
Household Travel Survey ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Household Travel

Trip underreporting has long been a problem in household travel surveys because of the self-reporting nature of traditional survey methods. Memory decay, failure to understand or to follow survey instructions, unwillingness to report full details of travel, and simple carelessness have all contributed to the incomplete collection of travel data in self-reporting surveys. Because household trip survey data are the primary input into trip generation models, it has a potentially serious impact on transportation model outputs, such as vehicle miles of travel (VMT) and travel time. Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has been used as a supplement in the collection of personal travel data. Previous studies confirmed the feasibility of applying GPS technology to improve both the accuracy and the completeness of travel data. An analysis of the impact of trip underreporting on modeled VMT and travel times is presented. This analysis compared VMT and travel time estimates with GPS-measured data. These VMT and travel time estimates were derived by the trip assignment module of each region's travel demand model by using the trips reported in computer-assisted telephone inter views. This analysis used a subset of data from the California Statewide Household Travel Survey GPS Study and was made possible through the cooperation of the metropolitan planning organizations of the three study areas (Alameda, Sacramento, and San Diego, California).

scholarly journals Modelling approach for Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Stefanos Nastis
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Variable Rate Technology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Computer Based

A Decision Support System (DSS) is an interactive, computer-based system that helps users in making decisions. Besides the provision of storing and data retrieval, DSS enhances information access and retrieval functions. Designing a DSS for agriculture enables farmers to make effective decisions for higher yield and lower production costs. Precision agriculture, through the use of remote sensing, geographical information systems, global positioning systems, soil testing, yield monitors and variable rate technology, provide a number of inputs into the DSS. Case studies are presented where the DSS is designed to optimize specific inputs, such as water consumption or pesticide applications by employing precision agriculture through information and communication technology.

Describing Patterns of Physical Activity in Adolescents Using Global Positioning Systems and Accelerometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Maddison ◽  
Yannan Jiang ◽  
Stephen Vander Hoorn ◽  
Daniel Exeter ◽  
Cliona Ni Mhurchu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Global Positioning Systems ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Global Positioning

This study aimed to describe the location and intensity of free-living physical activity in New Zealand adolescents during weekdays and weekend days using Global Positioning Systems (GPS), accelerometry, and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Participants (n = 79) aged 12–17 years (M = 14.5, SD 1.6) recruited from two large metropolitan high schools each wore a GPS watch and an accelerometer for four consecutive days. GPS and accelerometer data were integrated with GIS software to map the main locations of each participant’s episodes of moderate-vigorous physical activity. On average participants performed 74 (SD 36) minutes of moderate and 7.5 (SD 8) minutes of vigorous activity per day, which on weekdays was most likely to occur within a 1 km radius of their school or 150 meters of their home environment. On weekends physical activity patterns were more disparate and took place outside of the home environment. Example maps were generated to display the location of moderate to vigorous activity for weekdays and weekends.

Differential Global Positioning System: Potential for Geographical Information System Database Management

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Treitz ◽  
L Elliot ◽  
P Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Differential Gps ◽  
Static Mode ◽  
Global Positioning

The primary problem for managers of digital topographic data is maintaining an accurate and up-to-date database. Traditional spatial-data-collection techniques and mapping procedures are expensive and, as a result, occur infrequently. However, the NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) now provides for the collection of timely, cost-effective spatial information. In this study, differential GPS data were collected for an area of rapid rural-to-urban land-use change by using low-cost GPS receivers in static and kinematic modes. These data were then processed for input to a geographic information system and assessed for their positional accuracy. It was found that GPS data collected in static mode and differentially corrected possessed a circular map accuracy standard (CMAS) of 3.62 m. These accuracies meet the requirements of many large-scale and medium-scale mapping programs.

scholarly journals Using GPS and GIS to Enrich the Walk-along Method

Field Methods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Martini
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Geospatial Technologies ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Spatial Sensitivity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Positioning

This article demonstrates what may be gained from combining the walk-along method with the global positioning system (GPS) and geographical information system (GIS) when exploring the social and physical aspects of locally situated daily lives. It focuses on the premise and application of the spatial transcript technique, which allows for an integration of qualitative and GPS data generated while walking, and its subsequent visualization and analysis within GIS. It suggests that incorporating geospatial technologies into the walk-along method might serve as means to operationalize particular spatial sensitivity afforded by this mode of inquiry and effectively advance its utility for yielding spatially sensitive insights.

Impact of Flextime on Departure Time Choice for Home-Based Commuting Trips in Austin, Texas

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110357
Author(s):  
Mashrur Rahman ◽  
Krishna Murthy Gurumurthy ◽  
Kara M. Kockelman
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Flexible Working Hours ◽  
Departure Time ◽  
Departure Time Choice ◽  
Household Travel ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of corporations and workplaces are providing flexible working hours or flextime for employees, which is expected to reduce congestion by redistributing the temporal pattern of commuters’ departure time. This study examines the impact of flextime on departure time choice using a Bayesian continuous-time hazard duration model. The model accommodates the time-varying effect of covariates and unobserved heterogeneity. Results from the Austin Household Travel Survey collected between 2017 and 2018 show that workers who have a flextime option choose to leave later, with a predominant effect deterring morning peak departures. Other trip and individual-specific variables, such as travelers’ job type, trip duration, number of trips during the travel day, and household income, are found to have significant impacts on departure time choice. The results also show that flextime is more effective in shifting the departure time for retail and service sector employees, for those whose journeys are longer, and for those who perform more daily activities. The findings of this study support the theory that implementing such policies may ease congestion by staggering the travel demand from peak to off-peak hours.

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