Analyzing the Newest Interchange Connection at Cairo Metro Network Pertaining to Passenger Flow

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110275
Author(s):  
Soha Eldakdoky
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
French Standard

The French standard governing occupanckes dedicated for gatherings of individuals and institutions receiving the public, including railway stations and tunnels was used in the design of Cairo’s transit network, which consists of three lines connected through three existing interchange connections and one that is currently under construction. There is a lack of studies quantifying passenger evacuation in relation to Cairo transit, especially with regard to the interchange connections. This study assessed the viability of the evacuation methods applied to the design of interchange connections in Egypt. The emergency evacuation procedures for the future interchange connection layout between Lines 1 and 3 were assessed using the French standard and NFPA 130 Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems analytical methods. The analysis accounts for the traffic forecast as presented in the Egyptian company for operation and maintenance report for Line 1 and the feasibility study of Line 3. The results demonstrated that the connection was compliant with the French standard, but it did not fully meet NFPA requirements. It was concluded that there is still room for enhancement and for gaps to be considered. Recommendations include undertaking investigations into passenger characteristics and behavior in the context of passenger flow in emergency situations using approaches such as virtual research and field surveys, and simulation techniques.

EMERGENCY EVACUATION SIMULATION FOR A RADIATION DISASTER: A CASE STUDY OF A RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL NEAR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS IN KOREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-336
Author(s):  
Juyoul Kim ◽  
Faith Rukundo ◽  
Ashraf Musauddin ◽  
Batbuyan Tseren ◽  
Gazi Muhammad Borhan Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
Night And Day ◽  
The Times

Abstract Ensuring evacuation of people from a building in a fast and secure manner is of great significance in the event of emergency situations. This study aimed at evaluating the level of evacuation preparedness and movement of residents at the KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School (KINGS) in the event of a nuclear emergency. Evacuation times from KINGS after a nuclear disaster at Shin Kori nuclear power plant (NPP) were estimated using Pathfinder. Four scenarios of night and day time by assuming the normal and worst scenarios were simulated. With regard to worst scenarios, the times estimated for residents to gather and leave the assembly point for the night time scenario were estimated to 22~23 min, whereas 38~39 min were calculated for the crowd to leave the assembly point. The results of this study can be used by emergency planners when planning for evacuation from a residential building nearby NPP.

Simulation Analysis of Emergency Evacuation on Large Passenger Rail Terminal

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Ying Hui Liang ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Pan Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
It Use ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Terminal Operations

Emergency evacuation of large passenger station passenger terminal operations management is an important part of management. In this paper, it use legion simulation software, on the Beijing South Railway Station passenger emergency evacuation simulation test, first introduced the Legion simulation software and simulation process, followed by the design of the total number of 5000 and 10,000 people in different device configurations evacuation simulation program; re-use simulation software legion For each program the simulation analysis, the number of the simulation program evacuation and evacuation density optimization Finally, emergency evacuation measures and proposals for the reasonable development of passenger flow planning and organization of decision support programs.

High-Speed Railway PFV Prediction Model Research Under Regional Economic Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Dong Du ◽  
Na Ren
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
Railway Operation

Under the regional economic conditions, a passenger flow prediction model is proposed in the paper. It can predict high-speed railway passenger flow volume under the conditions of multi-mode, and guide the reasonable operation of high-speed railway effectively. According to the data analysis of Beijing and Tianjin railway stations, we can know that the reasonable ticket price plays an important role in high-speed railway operation benefit under regional economic conditions.

The Future Roles for Tracked Levitated Vehicle Systems

1974 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
The Future ◽  
General Preference ◽  
Large Investment

The future roles for tracked levitated vehicle (TLV) systems are identified in the context of comparison with improved passenger rail systems and short haul air systems. These new TLV systems, anticipated to be available for operational use in the 1980’s, will be capable of cruise speeds to about 300 mph, compared to 150–170 mph for high speed rail. The paper concludes that, when developed, TLV will be better than the best rail. Because of its higher speed, travel times will be shorter and operational costs per seat mile will be lower. Higher speed results in lower operating costs because it increases vehicle productivity in terms of seat-miles generated per hour. The relative preference between TLV and air systems depends on both ridership density and trip distance. TLV has much higher fixed costs than air because of the large investment in guideway and other infrastructure, so that TLV requires a larger ridership if fixed costs per passenger are to be reasonable. In operations, however, air systems lose much more time in terminal (airport) stops than TLV systems, which penalizes total trip time and vehicle productivity, especially for short trip distances. Thus air system operating costs are substantially higher than those of TLV systems for short trips. The net result is a general preference for TLV systems when ridership densities are high and trip distances are below 300–400 miles, and a preference for air systems at lower ridership densities or for longer trips. Air is distinctly superior beyond 500 miles.

Use of Alternative Crash Pulses for Interior Fixture Design Within CEM-Equipped Passenger Rail Cars

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Spears ◽  
Eloy Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Structural Strength ◽  
Fixture Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Mathematical Simulations ◽  
Compliance Requirements ◽  
Final Rule ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Over the past several years, Carbuilders have been developing car designs that utilize Crash Energy Management (CEM) as an alternative means to demonstrate compliance with carbody structural strength requirements. With the onset of CEM designs, the CFR has been amended to include requirements for alternative compliance to carbody structure requirements (see Docket No. FRA-2013-0060, Notice No. 3, [the Final Rule]) [14]. CEM designs often utilize crush zones with the overall goal of protecting occupant volume. These designs also change the structural behavior of the car during an accident, resulting in different acceleration responses than conventional car designs. This paper seeks to compare and contrast the interior fitting strength requirements between conventional car designs and a generic CEM design. The methodology utilizes simple mathematical simulations, modeling a conventional car design and a CEM design, with outputs of the simulation consisting of car response and behavior. Results indicate that alternative compliance requirements for all tiers of CEM-designed passenger equipment should be considered for interior fixtures.

scholarly journals Influence of Passenger Flow at the Station Entrances on Passenger Satisfaction Amid COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Sidorchuk ◽  
Anastasia Lukina ◽  
Ilya Markin ◽  
Stanislav Korobkov ◽  
Natalia Ivashkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Passenger Satisfaction ◽  
Perceived Satisfaction ◽  
Passenger Flows ◽  
Centers Of Mass ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Railway stations are centers of mass accumulation of people. Additional regulations change the intensity of the flow of visitors and the time of entering the station. Delays become an essential factor affecting the perceived satisfaction with all services at stations. This paper analyzes the impact of the intensity of passenger flow in the key areas of the station (entrance groups) on the satisfaction of visitors with station functioning (by the example of Moscow railway stations). The authors of the paper used methods of observation to measure the current passenger flows at the entrances to the station and also collected secondary data on transport flows at city railway stations. To predict passenger flow, the authors used statistical methods to assess the relationship between variables and regression. The paper used a survey of passengers to analyze satisfaction with the functioning of railway station facilities and assess the acceptable delay time at the entrance/exit to the station. The article substantiates that in the context of current requirements for transport security, an important factor for perceived satisfaction with station services is the forecasting and management of passenger flows and control of time of entering the station.

Simulating Passenger Evacuation in Railway Station under Fire Emergency using Safe Zone Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (11) ◽  
pp. 806-812
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Salarian ◽  
Aida Mashhadizadeh ◽  
Morteza Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Safe Zone ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The City ◽  
Safe Zones

Railway stations are usually considered to be one of the main gathering centers of the city; thus, in the event of any incident, there will be significant casualties. The purpose of this study is to simulate strategies for reducing the evacuation time of the railway station in the event of fire using a safe zone approach with simulation software. To reduce the evacuation time, 18 scenarios were introduced and simulated according to (1) number of gates and exit doors, (2) width of the gates, (3) obstacles, (4) priority of the exit doors, and (5) safe zone. The results show that the best evacuation time occurs by increasing the number of exit doors from two to four and considering a safe zone simultaneously; the evacuation time is reduced by 7 min and 19 s. Using safe zones for emergency evacuation has a significant role in reducing evacuation time and improving service levels. Interestingly, the removal of gates and obstacles would increase the evacuation time of passengers. The proposed model could be used for renovating existing railway stations to decrease the consequences of accidents such as fire.

scholarly journals An Enabling Framework to Support the Sustainable Energy Transition at the National Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3834
Author(s):  
Marina Blohm
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Climate Crisis

The world is fighting against the impacts of the climate crisis. Although the technical feasibility of 100% renewable energy systems was already verified by a variety of research studies, there were still more than 200 GW of unsustainable new coal power capacity under construction at a global level in 2018. To achieve the required carbon neutrality, current energy systems need to be transformed toward sustainable energy. The review of the literature has shown that several barriers for carbon-neutral technologies exist, which currently impede the sustainable transition. This paper focuses on the development of an enabling framework to overcome existing barriers to facilitate sustainable and carbon-neutral technologies at the national level. Additionally, it should support decision makers to consider all underlying criteria of this urgently needed energy transition. The criteria of such an enabling framework can be classified in 11 categories, which are (1) environmental and ecological protection; (2) society, culture, and behavior; (3) equity and justice; (4) knowledge; (5) energy markets; (6) energy policy; (7) legal requirements; (8) finance; (9) institutions; (10) infrastructure; and (11) clash of interests. Even though some criteria differ from country to country, a strong governmental support for the transition is always required to be successful.

Passenger management strategy and evacuation in subway station under Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xia Yang ◽  
Hai-Long Jiang ◽  
Yuan-Lei Kang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yong-Xing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Flow Management ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract Under the background of Covid-19 sweeping the world, safe and reasonable passenger flow management strategy in subway stations is an effective means to prevent the spread of virus. Based on the social force model and the minimum cost model, the movement and path selection behavior of passengers in the subway station are modeled, and a strategy for passenger flow management to maintain a safe social distance is put forward. Take Qingdao Jinggangshan Road subway station of China as the simulation scene, the validity of the simulation model is verified by comparing the measured value and simulation value of the time required for passengers from getting off the train to the ticket gate. Simulation results indicate that controlling the time interval between incoming passengers at the entrance can effectively control the social distance between passengers and reduce the risk of epidemic infection. By comparing the evacuation process of passengers under different initial densities, it is found that the greater the initial density of passengers, the longer the passengers are at risk social distance. In the process of passenger emergency evacuation, the stairs/escalators and ticket gates are bottleneck areas with high concentration of passenger density, which should be strictly disinfected many times on the basis of strictly checking the health code of incoming passengers and controlling the arrival time interval. The simulation results of this paper verify the harmfulness of passenger emergency evacuation without protective measures, and provide theoretical support for the operation and management of subway station under the epidemic situation.

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