Passenger management strategy and evacuation in subway station under Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xia Yang ◽  
Hai-Long Jiang ◽  
Yuan-Lei Kang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yong-Xing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Flow Management ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract Under the background of Covid-19 sweeping the world, safe and reasonable passenger flow management strategy in subway stations is an effective means to prevent the spread of virus. Based on the social force model and the minimum cost model, the movement and path selection behavior of passengers in the subway station are modeled, and a strategy for passenger flow management to maintain a safe social distance is put forward. Take Qingdao Jinggangshan Road subway station of China as the simulation scene, the validity of the simulation model is verified by comparing the measured value and simulation value of the time required for passengers from getting off the train to the ticket gate. Simulation results indicate that controlling the time interval between incoming passengers at the entrance can effectively control the social distance between passengers and reduce the risk of epidemic infection. By comparing the evacuation process of passengers under different initial densities, it is found that the greater the initial density of passengers, the longer the passengers are at risk social distance. In the process of passenger emergency evacuation, the stairs/escalators and ticket gates are bottleneck areas with high concentration of passenger density, which should be strictly disinfected many times on the basis of strictly checking the health code of incoming passengers and controlling the arrival time interval. The simulation results of this paper verify the harmfulness of passenger emergency evacuation without protective measures, and provide theoretical support for the operation and management of subway station under the epidemic situation.

Analysis on Game Behaviors of Passengers in Emergency Evacuation in Subway Station

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 576-582
Author(s):  
Ling Hong ◽  
Rui Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Game Features ◽  
Special Environment ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proceeds from safety which is fundamental guarantee of rail transit sustainable development with the special environment of stations to analyze effects of passengers’ psychologies and behaviors and information of the emergency in the process of emergency evacuation, and studies the game features passengers and ‘emergency event’ and passengers in between. Firstly, single passageway is studied. Then the concept of relative density is presented, the relationship among evacuation time with passenger flow volume, running velocity of passengers, density, length and width of passageway are found out. Finally suggestions are made on contingency measures against the emergency.

Seeing Similarity or Distance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Wilton ◽  
Diana T. Sanchez ◽  
Lisa Giamo
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergroup Perception ◽  
Intergroup Perceptions ◽  
Racially Ambiguous ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Biracial individuals threaten the distinctiveness of racial groups because they have mixed-race ancestry, but recent findings suggest that exposure to biracial-labeled, racially ambiguous faces may positively influence intergroup perception by reducing essentialist thinking among Whites ( Young, Sanchez, & Wilton, 2013 ). However, biracial exposure may not lead to positive intergroup perceptions for Whites who are highly racially identified and thus motivated to preserve the social distance between racial groups. We exposed Whites to racially ambiguous Asian/White biracial faces and measured the perceived similarity between Asians and Whites. We found that exposure to racially ambiguous, biracial-labeled targets may improve perceptions of intergroup similarity, but only for Whites who are less racially identified. Results are discussed in terms of motivated intergroup perception.

STRATEGI MANAJEMEN KAS (CASH MANAGEMENT) DALAM RANGKA OPTIMALISASI DANA PADA YAYASAN INSAN MADANI SEJAHTERA (YIMS) TAHUN 2004-2009

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Yuli Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Cash Management ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Caring Teachers ◽  
The Social

cash management strategy (cash management) in order to optimize the foundation fund civil insan prosper (yims) year 2004-2009. Cash management strategy (cash management) in order to optimize the funds on Madani Insan Sejahtera Foundation (Yims) include: revenue from the year 2004 amounting to Rp. 18,250,500.00 until 2009 to Rp. 559,454,000.00 or 300 times increase. Similarly, expenditure in the form of compensation, public health services, skills training, caring teachers and preachers, the economic empowerment of the ummah, qurban from 2004 amounting to Rp. 17,787,500.00 until 2009 to Rp. 559 005 100 is almost 300%. The channeling of funds up to 98% - 102% from 2004 to 2009. The remaining funds are used for operational reserves the foundation. The Foundation expects an increase in revenue from activities that are funded in accordance mission of the foundation is: (1) to provide services to the community through empowerment programs that integrate educational programs, health, economy and skills. (2) Being a liaison between the haves with the community through the distribution of funds can not afford the social, charity, infaq, shodaqoh and humanitarian funds. (3) Establish partnerships with both private institutions, government or other social institutions in reducing social problems in the community. Keywords : cash management 

People represent their own mental states more distinctly than others’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Allen Thornton ◽  
Miriam E. Weaverdyck ◽  
Judith Mildner ◽  
Diana Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
External Cues

One can never know the internal workings of another person – one can only infer others’ mental states based on external cues. In contrast, each person has direct access to the contents of their own mind. Here we test the hypothesis that this privileged access shapes the way people represent internal mental experiences, such that they represent their own mental states more distinctly than the states of others. Across four studies, participants considered their own and others’ mental states; analyses measured the distinctiveness of mental state representations. Two neuroimaging studies used representational similarity analyses to demonstrate that the social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one’s own states versus others’. Two behavioral studies support these findings. Further, they demonstrate that people differentiate between states less as social distance increases. Together these results suggest that we represent our own mind with greater granularity than the minds of others.

scholarly journals Effect of Train-Induced Wind on the Transmission of COVID-19: A New Insight into Potential Infectious Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8164
Author(s):  
Simin Zou ◽  
Xuhui He
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Passenger Safety ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gaussian Puff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fresh Insight ◽  
Moving Train

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has caused a traffic tie-up across the world. In addition to home quarantine orders and travel bans, the social distance guideline of about six feet was enacted to reduce the risk of contagion. However, with recent life gradually returning to normal, the crisis is not over. In this research, a moving train test and a Gaussian puff model were employed to investigate the impact of wind raised by a train running on the transmission and dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 from infected individuals. Our findings suggest that the 2 m social distance guideline may not be enough; under train-induced wind action, human respiratory disease-carrier droplets may travel to unexpected places. However, there are deficiencies in passenger safety guidelines and it is necessary to improve the quantitative research in the relationship between train-induced wind and virus transmission. All these findings could provide a fresh insight to contain the spread of COVID-19 and provide a basis for preventing and controlling the pandemic virus, and probe into strategies for control of the disease in the future.

scholarly journals An LSTM-Based Method Considering History and Real-Time Data for Passenger Flow Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Ouyang ◽  
Yongbo Lv ◽  
Jihui Ma ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Information Coding ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Flow Prediction ◽  
Real Time Data

With the development of big data and deep learning, bus passenger flow prediction considering real-time data becomes possible. Real-time traffic flow prediction helps to grasp real-time passenger flow dynamics, provide early warning for a sudden passenger flow and data support for real-time bus plan changes, and improve the stability of urban transportation systems. To solve the problem of passenger flow prediction considering real-time data, this paper proposes a novel passenger flow prediction network model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. The model includes four parts: feature extraction based on Xgboost model, information coding based on historical data, information coding based on real-time data, and decoding based on a multi-layer neural network. In the feature extraction part, the data dimension is increased by fusing bus data and points of interest to improve the number of parameters and model accuracy. In the historical information coding part, we use the date as the index in the LSTM structure to encode historical data and provide relevant information for prediction; in the real-time data coding part, the daily half-hour time interval is used as the index to encode real-time data and provide real-time prediction information; in the decoding part, the passenger flow data for the next two 30 min interval outputs by decoding all the information. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to real-time information has been taken into consideration in passenger flow prediction based on LSTM. The proposed model can achieve better accuracy compared to the LSTM and other baseline methods.

scholarly journals Research on the Human Dynamics in Mobile Communities Based on Social Identity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yan ◽  
Lianren Wu ◽  
Lanli Yi
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Power Exponent ◽  
Human Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simulation Results

Through analyzing the data about the releases, comment, and forwarding of 120,000 microblog messages in a year, this paper finds out that the intervals between information releases and comment follow a power law; besides, the analysis of data in each 24 hours reveals obvious differences between microblogging and website visit, email, instant communication, and the use of mobile phone, reflecting how people use fragments of time via mobile internet technology. The paper points out the significant influence of the user's activity on the intervals of information releases and thus demonstrates a positive correlation between the activity and the power exponent. The paper also points out that user's activity is influenced by social identity in a positive way. The simulation results based on the social identity mechanism fit well with the actual data, which indicates that this mechanism is a reasonable way to explain people's behavior in the mobile Internet.

A Novel Method of Detecting Measurement Uncertainty of Voltage Deviation

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 688-692
Author(s):  
Xin Fang ◽  
Xue Liang Huang ◽  
Yan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Basic Measurement ◽  
Voltage Deviation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Simulation Results

Nowadays, there are various devices to detect the power quality of AC grid, where uncertainty of voltage deviation is an important parameter to investigate the power quality. National standards specify several sinusoidal waveforms to detect it, usually implemented into the detecting devices. But these waveforms are not enough and a novel method of detecting measurement uncertainty of voltage deviation is proposed in this paper. A series of detection waveforms are designed using this method. The simulation results verify that the method is available to measure uncertainty of voltage deviation more accurately. Moreover, it can be used to justify whether the basic measurement time interval of voltage deviation meets IEC standard requirements.

Biased Benevolence: The Perceived Morality of Effective Altruism Across Social Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110027
Author(s):  
Kyle Fiore Law ◽  
Dylan Campbell ◽  
Brendan Gaesser
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Altruism ◽  
Quality Study ◽  
Matched Study

Is altruism always morally good, or is the morality of altruism fundamentally shaped by the social opportunity costs that often accompany helping decisions? Across four studies, we reveal that in cases of realistic tradeoffs in social distance for gains in welfare where helping socially distant others necessitates not helping socially closer others with the same resources, helping is deemed as less morally acceptable. Making helping decisions at a cost to socially closer others also negatively affects judgments of relationship quality (Study 2) and in turn, decreases cooperative behavior with the helper (Study 3). Ruling out an alternative explanation of physical distance accounting for the effects in Studies 1 to 3, social distance continued to impact moral acceptability when physical distance across social targets was matched (Study 4). These findings reveal that attempts to decrease biases in helping may have previously unconsidered consequences for moral judgments, relationships, and cooperation.

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