Quadriceps Inhibition Induced by an Experimental Knee Joint Effusion Affects Knee Joint Mechanics during a Single-Legged Drop Landing

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1269-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riann M. Palmieri-Smith ◽  
Jennifer Kreinbrink ◽  
James A. Ashton-Miller ◽  
Edward M. Wojtys
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Muscle Inhibition ◽  
Reaction Forces

Background Arthrogenic quadriceps muscle inhibition accompanies knee joint effusion and impedes rehabilitation after knee joint injury. Hypothesis We hypothesized that an experimentally induced knee joint effusion would cause arthrogenic quadriceps muscle inhibition and lead to increased ground reaction forces, as well as sagittal plane knee angles and moments, during a single-legged drop landing. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Nine subjects (4 women and 5 men) underwent 4 conditions (no effusion, lidocaine injection, “low” effusion [30 mL], and “high” effusion [60 mL]) and then performed a single-legged drop landing. Lower extremity muscle activity, peak sagittal plane knee flexion angles, net sagittal plane knee moments, and peak ground reaction forces were measured. Results Vastus medialis and lateralis activity were decreased during the low and high effusion conditions (P < .05). However, increases in peak ground reaction forces and decreases in peak knee flexion angle and net knee extension moments occurred only during the high effusion condition (P < .05). Conclusions Knee joint effusion induced quadriceps inhibition and altered knee joint mechanics during a landing task. Subjects landed with larger ground reaction forces and in greater knee extension, thereby suggesting that more force will be transferred to the knee joint and its passive restraints when quadriceps inhibition is present. Clinical Relevance Knee joint effusion results in arthrogenic quadriceps muscle inhibition, increasing loading about the knee that may potentially increase the risk of future knee joint trauma or degeneration.

scholarly journals Machine Learning-Based Estimation of Ground Reaction Forces and Knee Joint Kinetics from Inertial Sensors While Performing a Vertical Drop Jump

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7709
Author(s):  
Serena Cerfoglio ◽  
Manuela Galli ◽  
Marco Tarabini ◽  
Filippo Bertozzi ◽  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Joint Moments ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Joint Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Forces

Nowadays, the use of wearable inertial-based systems together with machine learning methods opens new pathways to assess athletes’ performance. In this paper, we developed a neural network-based approach for the estimation of the Ground Reaction Forces (GRFs) and the three-dimensional knee joint moments during the first landing phase of the Vertical Drop Jump. Data were simultaneously recorded from three commercial inertial units and an optoelectronic system during the execution of 112 jumps performed by 11 healthy participants. Data were processed and sorted to obtain a time-matched dataset, and a non-linear autoregressive with external input neural network was implemented in Matlab. The network was trained through a train-test split technique, and performance was evaluated in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The network was able to estimate the time course of GRFs and joint moments with a mean RMSE of 0.02 N/kg and 0.04 N·m/kg, respectively. Despite the comparatively restricted data set and slight boundary errors, the results supported the use of the developed method to estimate joint kinetics, opening a new perspective for the development of an in-field analysis method.

scholarly journals The effect of walking speed on the foot inter-segment kinematics, ground reaction forces and lower limb joint moments

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Sun ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete ◽  
Qichang Mei ◽  
Yaodong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Moments ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
Foot Kinematics ◽  
Reaction Forces

Background Normative foot kinematic and kinetic data with different walking speeds will benefit rehabilitation programs and improving gait performance. The purpose of this study was to analyze foot kinematics and kinetics differences between slow walking (SW), normal walking (NW) and fast walking (FW) of healthy subjects. Methods A total of 10 healthy male subjects participated in this study; they were asked to carry out walks at a self-selected speed. After measuring and averaging the results of NW, the subjects were asked to perform a 25% slower and 25% faster walk, respectively. Temporal-spatial parameters, kinematics of the tibia (TB), hindfoot (HF), forefoot (FF) and hallux (HX), and ground reaction forces (GRFs) were recorded while the subjects walked at averaged speeds of 1.01 m/s (SW), 1.34 m/s (NW), and 1.68 m/s (FW). Results Hindfoot relative to tibia (HF/TB) and forefoot relative to hindfoot (FF/HF) dorsiflexion (DF) increased in FW, while hallux relative to forefoot (HX/FF) DF decreased. Increased peak eversion (EV) and peak external rotation (ER) in HF/TB were observed in FW with decreased peak supination (SP) in FF/HF. GRFs were increased significantly with walking speed. The peak values of the knee and ankle moments in the sagittal and frontal planes significantly increased during FW compared with SW and NW. Discussion Limited HF/TB and FF/HF motion of SW was likely compensated for increased HX/FF DF. Although small angle variation in HF/TB EV and FF/HF SP during FW may have profound effects for foot kinetics. Higher HF/TB ER contributed to the FF push-off the ground while the center of mass (COM) progresses forward in FW, therefore accompanied by higher FF/HF abduction in FW. Increased peak vertical GRF in FW may affected by decreased stance duration time, the biomechanical mechanism maybe the change in vertical COM height and increase leg stiffness. Walking speed changes accompanied with modulated sagittal plane ankle moments to alter the braking GRF during loading response. The findings of foot kinematics, GRFs, and lower limb joint moments among healthy males may set a reference to distinguish abnormal and pathological gait patterns.

scholarly journals Physical and Performance Characteristics Related to Unintentional Musculoskeletal Injury in Special Forces Operators: A Prospective Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Heebner ◽  
John P. Abt ◽  
Mita Lovalekar ◽  
Kim Beals ◽  
Timothy C. Sell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
And Performance

Context:  Seventy-seven percent of musculoskeletal injuries sustained by United States Army Special Forces Operators are preventable. Identification of predictive characteristics will promote the development of screening methods to augment injury-prevention programs. Objective:  To determine physical and performance characteristics that predict musculoskeletal injuries. Setting:  Clinical laboratory. Patients or Other Participants:  A total of 95 Operators (age = 32.7 ± 5.1 years, height = 179.8 ± 6.9 cm, mass = 89.9 ± 12.7 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s):  Laboratory testing consisted of body composition, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, upper and lower body strength and flexibility, balance, and biomechanical evaluation. Injury data were captured for 12 months after laboratory testing. Injury frequencies, cross-tabulations, and relative risks (RRs) were calculated to evaluate the relationships between physical characteristics and injury proportions. Between-groups differences (injured versus uninjured) were assessed using appropriate t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests. Results:  Less shoulder-retraction strength (RR = 1.741 [95% confidence interval = 1.003, 3.021]), knee-extension strength (RR = 2.029 [95% confidence interval = 1.011, 4.075]), and a smaller trunk extension : flexion ratio (RR = 0.533 [95% confidence interval = 0.341, 0.831]) were significant risk factors for injury. Group comparisons showed less trunk strength (extension: P = .036, flexion: P = .048) and smaller right vertical ground reaction forces during landing (P = .025) in injured Operators. Knee strength, aerobic capacity, and body mass index were less in the subgroup of spine-injured versus uninjured Operators (P values = .013−.036). Conclusions:  Knee-extension and shoulder-retraction strength were risk factors for musculoskeletal injury in Operators. Less trunk-flexion and -extension strength, higher body mass index, lower aerobic capacity, and increased ground reaction forces during landing were characteristics that may also contribute to musculoskeletal injury. Having 2 or more risk factors resulted in a greater injury proportion (χ2 = 13.512, P = .015); however, more research is needed. Athletic trainers working in the military or similar high-demand settings can use these data to augment screening and injury-prevention protocols.

scholarly journals An Investigation into the Relation between the Technique of Movement and Overload in Step Aerobics

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Rutkowska-Kucharska ◽  
Katarzyna Wysocka ◽  
Sławomir Winiarski ◽  
Agnieszka Szpala ◽  
Małgorzata Sobera
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Flexion Angle ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Smart System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Joint Flexion ◽  
Dorsal Flexion

The aim of this research was to determine the features of a step workout technique which may be related to motor system overloading in step aerobics. Subjects participating in the research were instructors (n=15) and students (n=15) without any prior experience in step aerobics. Kinematic and kinetic data was collected with the use of the BTS SMART system comprised of 6 calibrated video cameras and two Kistler force plates. The subjects’ task was to perform basic steps. The following variables were analyzed: vertical, anteroposterior, and mediolateral ground reaction forces; foot flexion and abduction and adduction angles; knee joint flexion angle; and trunk flexion angle in the sagittal plane. The angle of a foot adduction recorded for the instructors was significantly smaller than that of the students. The knee joint angle while stepping up was significantly higher for the instructors compared to that for the students. Our research confirmed that foot dorsal flexion and adduction performed while stepping up increased load on the ankle joint. Both small and large angles of knee flexion while stepping up and down resulted in knee joint injuries. A small trunk flexion angle in the entire cycle of step workout shut down dorsal muscles, which stopped suppressing the load put on the spine.

scholarly journals Lower extremity stiffness in habitual forefoot strikers during running on different overground surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziwei Zeng ◽  
Lulu Yin ◽  
Wenxing Zhou ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Jiayi Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Artificial Grass

Purpose: Sports surface is one of the known external factors affecting running performance and injury. To date, we have found no study that examined the lower extremity stiffness in habitual forefoot strikers running on different overground surfaces. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate lower extremity stiffness and relevant kinematic adjustments in habitual forefoot strikers while running on different surfaces. Methods: Thirty-one male habitual forefoot strikers were recruited in this study. Runners were instructed to run at a speed of 3.3 m/s (±5%) on three surfaces, named synthetic rubber, concrete, and artificial grass. Results: No significant differences were found in leg stiffness, vertical stiffness, and joint stiffness in the sagittal plane during running on the three surfaces (p > 0.05). Running on artificial grass exerted a greater displacement in knee joint angle than running on synthetic rubber (p = 0.002, 95% CI = 1.52–7.35 degrees) and concrete (p = 0.006, 95% CI = 1.04–7.25 degrees). In the sagittal plane, peak knee moment was lower on concrete than on artificial grass (p = 0.003, 95% CI = 0.11–0.58 Nm/kg), whereas peak ankle moment was lower on synthetic rubber than on concrete (p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.03–0.07 Nm/kg) and on artificial grass (p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.02–0.06 Nm/kg). Among the three surfaces, the maximal ground reaction forces on concrete were the lowest (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicated that running surfaces cannot influence lower extremity stiffness in habitual forefoot strikers at current running speed. Kinematic adjustments of knee and ankle, as well as ground reaction forces, may contribute to maintaining similar lower extremity stiffness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document