Histological Reactions of Porous Tip Endocardial Electrodes Implanted in Sheep

The tissue reaction caused by a sintered tip electrode is compared with that of a platinum-iridium tip electrode in a work which employs implantation in sheep and follow-up of the implant for up to 90 days. Clinical tests and anatomo-pathological examination of the histological sections were performed. The results show a remarkably rapid fixation to the heart for the porous electrode with formation of limited inflammatory process, a thin fibrous capsule and modest alteration of the endocardial tissue. Conversely, the platinum-iridium electrode does not fix even in long periods and therefore continously rubs the endocardial surface. Chronic inflammation and formation of remarkably thick connective capsule results, under which the heart seems mode deeply altered.

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Evaluation of gamma thalamotomy for parkinsonian and other tremors: survival of neurons adjacent to the thalamic lesion after gamma thalamotomy

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2000.93.supplement_3.0120 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 93 (supplement_3) ◽

pp. 120-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Chihiro Ohye ◽

Tohru Shibazaki ◽

Junji Ishihara ◽

Jie Zhang

Keyword(s):

Tissue Reaction ◽

Vascular Lesions ◽

Thalamic Lesion ◽

Mr Images ◽

Unsatisfactory Result ◽

Content Type ◽

Rhythmic Discharge ◽

Latent Interval ◽

Fine Print

Object. The effects of gamma thalamotomy for parkinsonian and other kinds of tremor were evaluated. Methods. Thirty-six thalamotomies were performed in 31 patients by using a 4-mm collimator. The maximum dose was 150 Gy in the initial six cases, which was reduced to 130 Gy thereafter. The longest follow-up period was 6 years. The target was determined on T2-weighted and proton magnetic resonance (MR) images. The point chosen was in the lateral-most part of the thalamic ventralis intermedius nucleus. This is in keeping with open thalamotomy as practiced at the authors' institution. In 15 cases, gamma thalamotomy was the first surgical procedure. In other cases, previous therapeutic or vascular lesions were visible to facilitate targeting. Two types of tissue reaction were onserved on MR imaging: a simple oval shape and a complex irregular shape. Neither of these changes affected the clinical course. In the majority of cases, the tremor subsided after a latent interval of approximately 1 year after irradiation. The earliest response was demonstrated at 3 months. In five cases the tremor remained. In four of these cases, a second radiation session was administered. One of these four patients as well as another patient with an unsatisfactory result underwent open thalamotomy with microrecording. In both cases, depth recording adjacent to the necrotic area revealed normal neuronal activity, including the rhythmic discharge of tremor. Minor coagulation was performed and resulted in immediate and complete arrest of the remaining tremor. Conclusions. Gamma thalamotomy for Parkinson's disease seems to be an alternative useful method in selected cases.

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Laparoscopic Resection of Renal Capsular Endometriosis in a Woman with Menstrual-Related Flank Pain: Case Report

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1186/s12301-021-00186-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abbas Basiri ◽

Iman Ghanaat ◽

Hamidreza Akbari Gilani

Keyword(s):

Flank Pain ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Histologic Evaluation ◽

Normal Renal Parenchyma ◽

Perinephric Space ◽

Superior Portion ◽

The Right ◽

First Time ◽

Laparoscopic Removal

Abstract Background Although involvement of the urinary system is not uncommon, endometriosis in the kidneys is rare. To date, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy has been the preferred approach for managing renal endometriosis. Here, we report for the first time the results of laparoscopic removal of a renal capsular endometriosis in a malrotated kidney in an attempt to save the whole kidney parenchyma, in terms of feasibility and safety. Case presentation A 37-year-old female presented with periodic right flank pain associated with her menstrual cycle. On imaging, a malrotated right kidney and a hypodense irregular-shaped lesion measuring 30 * 20 * 15 mm were seen in the superior portion of the right perinephric space. Histologic evaluation of the ultrasound-guided biopsy was consistent with renal capsular endometriosis. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery to remove the capsular mass while preserving the normal renal parenchyma. Pathological examination of the biopsy obtained during surgery was in favor of renal endometriosis. At 6-month follow-up, the patient’s pain had completely disappeared and no complications had occurred. In addition, imaging did not show any remarkable recurrence. Conclusion Renal endometriosis should be strongly considered as a differential diagnosis in female patients with a renal capsular mass and exacerbation of flank pain during menstruation. Based on our experience, with preoperative needle biopsy and clearing the pathology, laparoscopic removal of the mass in spite of renal anatomic abnormality is feasible and safe and thus could be considered as a possible treatment option.

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RONC-26. A CASE OF RADIATION NECROSIS OF THE CEREBELLUM 16 YEARS AFTER CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.795 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii460-iii460

Author(s):

Mayuko Miyata ◽

Masahiro Nonaka ◽

Akio Asai

Keyword(s):

Radiation Necrosis ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Secondary Cancer ◽

Brain Necrosis ◽

Cerebellar Medulloblastoma ◽

Cerebellar Peduncle ◽

The Right ◽

The Brain

Abstract BACKGROUND If new lesions are observed during follow-up of the malignant tumor after treatment, it is difficult to distinguish whether the tumor is a recurrent lesion, secondary cancer, or radiation necrosis of the brain. We have encountered a patient with symptomatic radiation necrosis of the cerebellum 16 years after treatment of medulloblastoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old man who had received a tumor resection and chemoradiotherapy for cerebellar medulloblastoma at the age of 8 presented with dizziness. For the past 16 years, there was no recurrence of the tumor. He subsequently underwent MRI scan, and T1-Gd image showed enhanced lesion in the right cerebellar peduncle. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology analysis was negative for tumor. We suspected tumor reccurence or secondary cancer, and performed lesion biopsy. The result of the pathological examination was radiation necrosis of the cerebellum. DISCUSSION: The interval of radiation necrosis of the brain and radiotherapy can vary from months to more than 10 years. So, whenever a new lesion is identified, radiation brain necrosis must be envisioned. According to guidelines in Japan, there is no absolute examination for discriminating tumor recurrence from radiation brain necrosis and diagnosis by biopsy may be required. CONCLUSION We experienced a case of symptomatic radiation necrosis of the cerebellum 16 years after treatment. In patients showing new lesion after long periods of time, the possibility of radiation necrosis to be considered.

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Diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis analysis of 28 cases of central nervous system echinococcosis

Chinese Neurosurgical Journal ◽

10.1186/s41016-021-00248-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guojia Du ◽

Yandong Li ◽

Pan Wu ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Riqing Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Multiple Organ ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Surgical Treatments

Abstract Background To explore central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this disease, from the perspectives of diagnosis, treatment, and misdiagnosis Methods Twenty-eight patients with CNS echinococcosis were included in this retrospective study, including 18 males (64.3%) and 10 (35.7%) females. The average age of all the patients were 23.5 years (ranged 4–60 years). Twenty-three (23) patients (82.1%) received the first surgical resection in our hospital. Five (5) patients (17.9%) gave up surgical treatment for multiple-organ hydatidosis and previous surgery history at other hospitals, and albendazole was applied for a long-term (3–6 months) adjunct therapy for the 5 patients. The average follow-up time was 8 years. Results For the 28 patients, 23 cases received surgical treatments, and the diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examinations. The diagnosis of 4 cases of brain echinococcosis and 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis could not be confirmed, resulting in a misdiagnosis rate of 21.4% (6/28). For the pathological examination, a total of 17 cases were infected with Echinococcus granulosus (including 2 cases of spinal cord echinococcosis), and 6 cases were infected with Echinococcus alveolaris. Conclusion The diagnosis should be specifically considered in endemic regions. The clinical features of CNS hydatidosis were intracranial space-occupying lesions. For the treatment, the surgical removal of cysts should be necessary. In addition, the adjuvant therapy with drug and intraoperative prophylaxis is also suggested. The misdiagnosis may have resulted from atypical clinical features and radiographic manifestations, as well as the accuracy of hydatid immunologic test.

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Clinicopathological characteristics of ypT0N0 urothelial carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cystectomy

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205742 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (8) ◽

pp. 550-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin J Magers ◽

Hristos Z Kaimakliotis ◽

Marcelo P Barboza ◽

Elhaam Bandali ◽

Nabil Adra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Urothelial Carcinoma ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cell ◽

Cell Reaction ◽

Variant Histology

AimsTo describe a large tertiary care academic centre’s experience with patients who achieve a complete pathological response (ie, ypT0N0) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC) with emphasis on morphological features present in the RC and clinical outcome.Methods41 patients with ypT0N0 disease following transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT), NAC and RC with available clinical follow-up information were analysed. Slides from all RCs were reviewed to confirm pathological stage and assess for morphological parameters (eg, foreign body giant cell reaction, dystrophic calcification, scar and fat necrosis).ResultsWith median follow-up of 32.8 months, the recurrence-free survival at 1 and 5 years was 97.4% and 93.5%, while the overall survival at 3 and 5 years was 94.2% and 88.6%, respectively. No patients died of urothelial carcinoma. Stage assigned at TURBT was 1 pTa (2%), 1 pT1 (2%), 38 pT2 (93%) and 1 pT3a (2%). 17 TURBTs demonstrated variant histology, with the majority of these being squamous (65%). The most common morphological features present at RC were scar (100%), foreign body giant cell reaction (80%), chronic inflammation within lamina propria (68%) and dystrophic calcifications (39%). Other morphological features were less common or absent.ConclusionypT0N0 disease at RC portends an excellent prognosis, regardless of stage or variant histology in the TURBT; scar, foreign body giant cell reaction, chronic inflammation and dystrophic calcifications are often present.

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Role of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis in the development of ventricular arrythmias in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy (results of 1-year follow-up)

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

V Kovalenko ◽

E Nesukay ◽

S Cherniuk ◽

R Kirichenko ◽

A Kozliuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Fibrosis ◽

Cardiac Mri ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Delayed Enhancement ◽

Myocardial Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy ◽

Initial Examination ◽

Inflammatory Lesions ◽

Clinical Onset

Abstract Background Myocardial inflammatory and fibrotic changes are the most frequent and significant causes of ventricular rhythm disorders that could result in development of life threatening arrythmias and increase the risk of sudden cardiac death, especially in young patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy (ICM). The purpose – to estimate association of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis with development of ventricular arrythmias in patients with ICM during 12-months of follow-up. Material and methods The study was performed on 70 patients with ICM, average age was (35,2±2,7) years. Initially all patients had cardiomegaly with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction - <40% and absolute value of longitudinal global systolic strain <9,0%. By 24-hour ECG monitoring we studied frequency of ventricular premature beats (VPB) and incidence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) paroxysms. All patients underwent for cardiac MRI with evaluation of early T1- and T2-weighted images for the detection of inflammatory changes and T1-weighted delayed images for detection of myocardial fibrosis. Results of cardiac MRI were estimated by Lake Louise criteria and also we performed quantification of segments involved according to standard 17-segment LV model. Initial examination was carried out within the 1st month from the clinical onset of disease and subsequent evaluation of studied parameters was performed after 12 months of follow-up. Results After 12 months of follow-up average frequency of VPB reduced to (1,42±0,14) % from (2,32±0,27) % on initial examination (p<0,01), similarly reduced the incidence of NSVT paroxysms – to 11,4% after 12 months from 28,6% initially. Mean quantity of LV segments, affected by inflammatory process and characterized by presence of edema and/or hyperemia, reduced to (2,12±0,22) segm. after 12 months of follow up from (6,12±0,71) segm. on the 1st month (p<0,01). Also we observed increase of LV segments amount with the presence of delayed enhancement which indicates myocardial fibrosis – from (2,04±0,21) segm. on initial examination to (4,79±0,38) segm. after 12 months (p<0,01). Using binary regression analysis we defined that initial presence of inflammatory lesions in ≥5,0 LV segments was associated with frequent VPB (≥1,0%) and NSVT paroxysms. Wherein, after 12 months presence of inflammatory lesions had no association with ventricular rhythm disorders but the same relation was observed between the presence of delayed enhancement in ≥4,0 LV segments and frequent VPB (≥1,0%) as also with NSVT paroxysms. Conclusion At the time of clinical onset of inflammatory cardiomyopathy ventricular rhythm disorders (particularly VPB and NSVT paroxysms) were associated with larger quantity of LV segments involved into inflammatory process. After 12 months of follow-up ventricular rhythm disorders were associated predominantly with the presence of fibrotic lesions in several (≥4,0) segments of LV. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Rare presentation of a testicular angiofibroma treated with testis sparing surgery

Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia ◽

10.4081/aiua.2016.4.330 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luca Leone ◽

Paola Fulvi ◽

Giulia Sbrollini ◽

Alessandra Filosa ◽

Enrico Caraceni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Conservative Surgery ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

Final Histology

Introduction: Testicular benign tumors are very rare (< 5%). Testicular Angiofibroma (AF) is one of those, however the gold standard of treatment and follow-up is still unclear. Case report: A 47 years-old man with only one functioning testis was referred to our clinic for a palpable right testicular mass and atrophic contralateral testis. Patient underwent testis-sparing surgery with inguinal approach and intraoperative frozen sections examination with diagnosis of AF. Final histology confirmed AF. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful. Clinical and ultrasonographic follow-up was negative after 8 months. Conclusion: We report a conservative surgery in a patient with AF of the solitary testis. AF is a benign para-testicular fibrous neoplasm that could be misinterpreted as malignant tumor and treated with orchiectomy. Testis-sparing surgery is recommended in this case with intraoperative pathological examination. The excision of the mass is enough but in front of a possible recurrence a long follow-up is advisable.

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Benign phyllodes tumour of the prostate: An extremely rare entity

Canadian Urological Association Journal ◽

10.5489/cuaj.2030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (7-8) ◽

pp. 548 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ozgu Aydogdu ◽

Yusuf Ziya Atesci ◽

Ayhan Karakose ◽

Eren Demirtas

Keyword(s):

Lateral Lobe ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Flexible Cystoscopy ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

Phyllodes Tumour ◽

The Right ◽

Lower Urinary

Benign phyllodes tumour (BPT) of the prostate is a very rare neoplasm. It is composed of hyperplastic and neoplastic glandular stromal proliferation. Patients with BPT of the prostate generally present with lower urinary tract symptoms and hematuria. BPT of the prostate can potentially cause recurrent obstructive symptoms. Complete transurethral resection (TUR) and close postoperative follow-up is recommended. A 59-year-old man presented with dysuria and obstructive urinary symptoms. Flexible cystoscopy revealed prostatic hyperplasia and a polypoidal lesion originating from the right lateral lobe of the prostate. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3 × 2.5-cm mass lesion in the right lateral lobe of the prostate. TUR of the prostate was performed and the pathological examination revealed benign prostatic hyperplasia and benign phyllodes tumour of the prostate.

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Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: A report on 15 patients

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp140426076h ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (10) ◽

pp. 928-931 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jovan Hadzi-Djokic ◽

Tomislav Pejcic ◽

Dragoslav Basic ◽

Ivana Vukomanovic ◽

Zoran Dzamic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Procedures ◽

Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Omental Flap ◽

Definitive Treatment ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ◽

The Mean

Background/Aim. Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) represents a chronic pathological process characterized by fibrosis which entraps and compresses the ureters and the great blood vessels in the retroperitoneal space. A specific form of RPF is idiopathic RPF, an uncommon collagen vascular disease of unclear etiology. The series of 15 patients which underwent open surgical repair due to idiopathic RPF is presented herein. Methods. From 1989 to 2012, 11 male and 4 female patients underwent surgery due to primary RPF. The ureters were entrapped unilaterally (7 patients), or bilaterally (8 patients). Major symptoms included low back pain due to hydronephrosis (9 patients), uremia (4 patients), and urinary tract infection (2 patients). The diagnosis was based on intravenous urography (IVU), retrograde ureteropyelography and computed tomography (CT). Results. Surgical procedures included intraperitoneal ureteral displacement (8 patients) and ureteral wrapping with omental flap (6 patients). One patient underwent bilateral ureteral stenotic segments resection and oblique ureterography, followed by wrapping with omental flap. Pathological examination confirmed primary RPF in all patients. The mean operative time was 3.5 h (range 2.5-4.5 h). The average intrahospital stay was 21 days (range 16-26 days). The mean follow up was 32 months (6-46 months). During the follow up, 12 patients had improvement on IVU. Conclusion. Early recognition of signs and symptoms of RPF is of the utmost importance for the outcome. Surgical procedures, including ureteral wrapping with omental flap, or intraperitoneal ureteral displacement, usually represent definitive treatment.

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ALK-positive Histiocytosis of Umbilicus Subcutaneous with KIF5B-ALK Fusion: a Case Report

10.21203/rs.3.rs-147658/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yili Zhu ◽

Jun Fan ◽

Bo Huang ◽

Ying Wu ◽

Heshui Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathological Examination ◽

Older Children ◽

Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Spindle Cells ◽

First Case ◽

Alk Positive ◽

Painless Mass ◽

Lymphocytic Infiltrates

Abstract Background: Since the discovery of the first case of Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) -positive histiocytosis in 2008, originally described as a systemic, self-limiting disease in infants, the range of ALK-positive histiocytosis has recently been expanded to include localized diseases in older children and young adults. Case presentation: We present the case of an 18-year-old female with periumbilical painless mass for 5 months, who underwent a resection of the mass. Pathological examination showed the tumor consists predominantly of fascicular to storiform growth of nonatypical spindle cells, admixed with lymphocytic infiltrates. The tumor spindle cells were diffusely positive for CD68, CD163 and ALK. Further, molecular tests revealed ALK gene fusion: Kinesin Family Member 5B (KIF5B) (E24)-ALK (E20), confirmed ALK-positive histiocytosis. The tumor has not recurred one and a half years after resection by follow-up examination.Conclusion: ALK-positive histiocytosis in local lesion can achieve remission by complete resection and clinical follow-up showed a favorable prognosis.

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