Racial–Ethnic Differences in Turnover Intent Among Home Health Aides

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Landes ◽  
Suzie S. Weng
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Turnover Intent ◽  
Advancement Opportunities ◽  
Home Health Aides ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Home health aides are crucial to ensuring quality services for the growing older adult population needing home-based care in the United States. We utilize data from the nationally representative 2007 National Home Health Aide Survey ( N = 3,344) to analyze racial–ethnic disparity in turnover intent. Non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic Other home health aides had higher all-cause turnover intent than Non-Hispanic Whites. Cause-specific turnover intent varied by race–ethnicity. Compared with non-Hispanic White home health aides, (a) non-Hispanic Black home health aides were more likely to leave due to low pay and educational/advancement opportunities; (b) Hispanic home health aides were more likely to leave due to a perceived lack of respect or difficulty with their supervisor/agency; and (c) non-Hispanic home health aides were more likely to leave due to an impending move. Findings suggest that efforts to address high levels of turnover intent among home health aides should account for differences in race–ethnic groups.

Abstract 19212: Racial Differences in Clinical Outcomes and Resource Utilization Associated With Heart Failure Hospitalizations in the United States: A Nationwide Analysis From 2011-2012

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilay Kumar ◽  
Rohan Khera ◽  
Neetika Garg
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Background and objectives: Heart failure (HF) incidence is higher among Blacks compared to Whites. There is a paucity of recent data on racial differences in in-hospital mortality and resource utilization in a nationally representative, multiracial cohort of HF hospitalizations. Hypothesis: There are significant racial-ethnic differences in HF hospitalization outcomes. Methods: We used the 2011-2012 Nationwide/National Inpatient Sample to identify hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of HF using relevant ICD-9 codes. Outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS) and mean inflation adjusted charges. The effect of race on outcomes was ascertained using logistic or linear regression. Results: 375,740 primary HF hospitalizations representing 1.8 million hospitalizations nationwide were included. Mean age was 72.6 (SD 14.6) years and 50.1% were females. After adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, APR-DRG mortality risk and socioeconomic status, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower for Blacks (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.64 - 0.74; p<0.001), Hispanics (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75 - 0.91; p<0.001) and Asians or Pacific Islanders (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73 - 0.99; p=0.04) compared to Whites. Average inflation adjusted charges were significantly higher for all minorities compared to Whites except for Native Americans for whom charges were significantly lower than Whites (p<0.05 for Black, Hispanic, Asian, NA or Others vs. Whites). LOS was modestly higher for Blacks or Other races vs. Whites (p=0.01 B vs. W and Others vs. W) and lower for Native Americans vs. Whites (p<0.001). Conclusions: Blacks, Hispanics and Asians hospitalized for HF are significantly less likely to die in the hospital compared to Whites. Hospital charges for racial-ethnic minorities are significantly higher compared to Whites. The reasons for racial differences in HF hospitalization outcomes require further investigation.

Consumer Shell Egg Consumption and Handling Practices: Results from a National Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1312-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE M. KOSA ◽  
SHERYL C. CATES ◽  
SAMANTHA BRADLEY ◽  
SANDRIA GODWIN ◽  
DELORES CHAMBERS
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Shell Eggs ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
At Home

Numerous cases and outbreaks of Salmonella infection are attributable to shell eggs each year in the United States. Safe handling and consumption of shell eggs at home can help reduce foodborne illness attributable to shell eggs. A nationally representative Web survey of 1,504 U.S. adult grocery shoppers was conducted to describe consumer handling practices and consumption of shell eggs at home. Based on self-reported survey data, most respondents purchase shell eggs from a grocery store (89.5%), and these eggs were kept refrigerated (not at room temperature; 98.5%). As recommended, most consumers stored shell eggs in the refrigerator (99%) for no more than 3 to 5 weeks (97.6%). After cracking eggs, 48.1% of respondents washed their hands with soap and water. More than half of respondents who fry and/or poach eggs cooked them so that the whites and/or the yolks were still soft or runny, a potentially unsafe practice. Among respondents who owned a food thermometer (62.0%), only 5.2% used it to check the doneness of baked egg dishes the they prepared such a dish. Consumers generally followed two of the four core “Safe Food Families” food safety messages (“separate” and “chill”) when handling shell eggs at home. To prevent Salmonella infection associated with shell eggs, consumers should improve their practices related to the messages “clean” (i.e., wash hands after cracking eggs) and “cook” (i.e., cook until yolks and whites are firm and use a food thermometer to check doneness of baked egg dishes) when preparing shell eggs at home. These findings will be used to inform the development of science-based consumer education materials that can help reduce foodborne illness from Salmonella infection.

A Survey of Mobile Phone Use in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Seok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Older Adult Population

Mobile phone adoption by older adults is radically increasing. As a part of multiple empirical studies to improve older adults' experiences with mobile phones, a survey was conducted to investigate a number of specific aspects of mobile phone use in the older adult population including motives of ownership, usage patterns, preferences on mobile phone features, and perceived usability of their own phones. A total of 154 older adults from 20 states of the United States who owned a mobile phone participated in this study. Results indicated that participants used a few basic features of mobile phones since they used them mainly for personal communication and safety reasons. Overall, participants perceived that their current phones offered marginal “ease of use”, but they found most usability problems with understanding error messages, inputting text, and understanding user manuals. The majority of older adults (over 50%) desired a phone with basic features that include making /receiving a call, phonebook, emergency call, voice message checking, speed dial, ringer change, and clock. However, effects of age and gender were found on mobile phone usage patterns and design preferences, which suggest a need of focusing on diverse groups within the older adult population.

scholarly journals Transitions in Loneliness Among Older Adults: A 5-Year Follow-Up in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Hawkley ◽  
Masha Kocherginsky
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
Health And Well Being

A substantial portion of the older adult population suffers from frequent feelings of loneliness, but a large proportion remains relatively unscathed by loneliness. To date, research examining both protective and risk factors for loneliness has not included data from the United States. The present study used the first two waves of data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project to examine sociodemographic, structural, and functional factors thought to be associated with loneliness in older adults. Functional limitations and low family support were associated with an increase in loneliness frequency (as were more strained friendships) and with transitioning from nonlonely to lonely status. Better self-rated health, higher levels of socializing frequency, and lower family strain were associated with transitioning from lonely to nonlonely status. Interventions that target these factors may be effective in preventing and reducing loneliness and its effects on health and well-being in older adults.

Predictors of functional limitation trajectories after injury in a nationally representative U.S. older adult population

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 894-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Bell ◽  
Junling Wang ◽  
Robert Nolly ◽  
Esra Ozdenerol ◽  
George Relyea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adult ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Older Adult Population

scholarly journals Priming COVID-19 salience increases prejudice and discriminatory intent against Asians and Hispanics

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (36) ◽  
pp. e2105125118
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Neeraj Kaushal ◽  
Xiaoning Huang ◽  
S. Michael Gaddis
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
Vignette Experiment ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Mounting reports in the media suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified prejudice and discrimination against racial/ethnic minorities, especially Asians. Existing research has focused on discrimination against Asians and is primarily based on self-reported incidents or nonrepresentative samples. We investigate the extent to which COVID-19 has fueled prejudice and discrimination against multiple racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States by examining nationally representative survey data with an embedded vignette experiment about roommate selection (collected in August 2020; n = 5,000). We find that priming COVID-19 salience has an immediate, statistically significant impact: compared to the control group, respondents in the treatment group exhibited increased prejudice and discriminatory intent against East Asian, South Asian, and Hispanic hypothetical room-seekers. The treatment effect is more pronounced in increasing extreme negative attitudes toward the three minority groups than decreasing extreme positive attitudes toward them. This is partly due to the treatment increasing the proportion of respondents who perceive these minority groups as extremely culturally incompatible (Asians and Hispanics) and extremely irresponsible (Asians). Sociopolitical factors did not moderate the treatment effects on attitudes toward Asians, but prior social contact with Hispanics mitigated prejudices against them. These findings suggest that COVID-19–fueled prejudice and discrimination have not been limited to East Asians but are part of a broader phenomenon that has affected Asians generally and Hispanics as well.

Aging: Public Policy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette C. Takamura
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Older Adult Population ◽  
The U.S

Public policy advances in the field of aging in the United States have lagged compared to the growth of the older adult population. Policy adjustments have been driven by ideological perspectives and have been largely incremental. In recent years, conservative policy makers have sought through various legislative vehicles to eliminate or curb entitlement programs, proposing private sector solutions and touting the importance of an “ownership society” in which individual citizens assume personal responsibility for their economic and health security. The election of a Democratic majority in the U.S. House and the slim margin of votes held by Democrats in the U.S. Senate may mean a shift in aging policy directions that strengthens Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, if the newly elected members are able to maintain their seats over time. The results of the 2008 presidential election will also determine how the social, economic, and other policy concerns will be addressed as the baby boomers join the ranks of older Americans.

Abstract P062: Trends And Disparities In Diabetes Among Adults In The United States, 1999-2018

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxiu Liu ◽  
Stella S Yi ◽  
Rienna Russo ◽  
Victoria Mayer ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Us Census ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Introduction: Diabetes (DM) increases cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality and the risk of severe complications/death among patients with COVID-19. We aimed to estimate the trends of DM over time among adults in the US. Hypothesis: We anticipated an increase in DM and persistent disparities by racial/ethnic and socioecnomic subgroups from 1999 to 2018. Methods: Data were from a nationally representative sample of US adults (≥20 years; NHANES 1999-2018). Diagnosed DM was defined as a self-reported previous diagnosis of DM by a physician or any other health professionals (other than during pregnancy). Undiagnosed DM was defined as elevated levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG≥126 mg/dL) or HbA1c (≥6.5%). Total DM included those who had either diagnosed or undiagnosed diabetes. Prediabetes was defined as no DM but a HbA1c level of 5.7% - 6.4% or an FPG level of 100 mg/dL-125 mg/dL. All estimates were age-standardized to the 2010 US census population for age groups 20-44, 45-64, and 65+ years. All analyses accounted for the complex survey design. Logistic regressions were conducted to calculate a P-value for trend. Results: Our sample included 53,533 US adults. From 1999 to 2018, the age-adjusted prevalence of total DM increased significantly from 9.05% (95% CI, 7.80%-10.2%) to 13.9% (95% CI, 12.5%-15.4%) and the prevalence of prediabetes increased from 22.5% (20%-25.2%) to 40.2% (37.4%-43.1%) (P-trends<0.001). The rate of increase in prevalence was higher among Mexican Americans but lower among non-Hispanic black individuals compared to non-Hispanic white individuals (all P-trends<0.01, P-interaction=0.003). Trends in total DM by education and income levels were similar to the overall trend but disparities persisted between low- and high-socioeconomic groups (all P-trends<0.001, P-interaction>0.05) ( Figure 1 ). Conclusions: The prevalence of DM increased significantly from 1999 to 2018 among US adults. There are substantial and persistent disparities between racial/ethnic and socioeconomic subgroups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document