In vitro study of antibacterial and osteogenic activity of titanium metal releasing strontium and silver ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-680
Author(s):  
Yaichiro Okuzu ◽  
Shunsuke Fujibayashi ◽  
Seiji Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazutaka Masamoto ◽  
Bungo Otsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Osteogenic Response

Peri-prosthetic infection and loosening of implants are major problems in orthopaedic and dental surgery. To address these issues, surface treatment methods for titanium implants have been improved by modifying the alkali and heat treatment. We have previously fabricated calcium-treated Ti metal that releases Sr ions (CaSr-Ti), which resulted in a higher in vitro osteogenic response and early in vivo bone bonding. Further, we developed a Ti metal that released both Sr and Ag ions (CaSrAg-Ti). In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial ability and osteogenic cellular response of CaSrAg-Ti and CaSr-Ti in vitro using rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured on implant samples and extract mediums (EMs) made by immersing the implant samples in the medium. CaSrAg-Ti did not show cytotoxicity and was associated with a slightly higher osteogenic response when compared to CaSr-Ti, without inhibiting the effect of Sr. The osteogenic response was also observed in the cells cultured with the CaSrAg-Ti EM; however, the response was not as high as that of the cells on the CaSrAg-Ti implant sample. Significantly higher antibacterial activity was observed along with an antibacterial efficacy of more than 95% against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The main advantages of our surface treatment are its simplicity and low cost. Therefore, our treatment is promising for clinical applications in orthopaedic or dental Ti-based implants with antibacterial and early bone-bonding abilities.

Potential neurotoxicity of titanium implants: Prospective, in-vivo and in-vitro study

Biomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121039
Author(s):  
Shahar Shelly ◽  
Sigal Liraz Zaltsman ◽  
Ofir Ben-Gal ◽  
Avraham Dayan ◽  
Ithamar Ganmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Vitro Study

A comparison of biocompatibility and osseointegration of ceramic and titanium implants: an in vivo and in vitro study

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Möller ◽  
H. Terheyden ◽  
Y. Açil ◽  
N.M. Purcz ◽  
K. Hertrampf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Vitro Study

Bioactivity and Surface Characteristics of Titanium Implants Following Various Surface Treatments: An In Vitro Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. e183-e188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswini Kumar K ◽  
Vinaya Bhatt ◽  
Manilal Balakrishnan ◽  
Mohamed Hashem ◽  
Sajith Vellappally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Group A

This study compared the surface topography, hydrophilicity, and bioactivity of titanium implants after 3 different surface treatments (sandblasting and acid etching, modified sandblasting and acid etching, and thermal oxidation) with those of machined implants. One hundred indigenously manufactured threaded titanium implants were subjected to 3 methods of surface treatment. The surface roughness of the nontreated (Group A) and treated samples (Groups B through D) was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and profilometer. The wettability was visually examined using a colored dye solution. The calcium ions attached to the implant surface after immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) were assessed on days 1, 2, and 7 with an atomic electron spectroscope. The data were analyzed statistically. The SBF test allowed the precipitation of a calcium phosphate layer on all surface-treated samples, as evidenced in the SEM analysis. A significantly higher amount of calcium ions and increased wettability were achieved in the thermally oxidized samples. The mean roughness was significantly lower in Group A (0.85 ± 0.07) compared to Group B (1.35 ± 0.17), Group C (1.40 ± 0.14), and Group D (1.36 ± 0.18). The observations from this in vitro study indicated that surface treatment of titanium improved the bioactivity. Moreover, results identified the implants that were sandblasted, acid etched, and then oxidized attracted more calcium ions.

scholarly journals Novel Video-Laryngoscope with Wireless Image Transmission via Wi-Fi towards a Smartphone

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629
Author(s):  
Mauricio Guerra-Hernández ◽  
Gabriela Josefina Vidaña-Martínez ◽  
José S. Camacho-Juárez ◽  
Hugo Barragán-Villegas ◽  
José Enrique Calacuayo-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
Video Laryngoscope ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
In Vivo Tests

A low-cost video laryngoscope (VDL) called Hybrid 1.0 was developed using smart devices for visualization. To test its performance, we compared it with a high-end VDL device, using both in vitro and in vivo studies. During the in vitro study, medical students without experience in airway intubation were randomly asked to intubate a mannequin with different degrees of difficulty (Cormack–Lehane scales) by using either the Hybrid 1.0 VDL (GI) or a conventional laryngoscope (GII). During the in vivo study, N = 60 endotracheal intubations were performed by resident and base physicians, divided into two groups; the first group intubated with the Hybrid 1.0 VDL (GI) while the second group used a VDL C-Mac shovel (GII). As performance indexes, both studies reported the number of successful intubations (correct capnography signal) and intubation time. For the in vitro testing, no statistically significant differences were found regarding the number of successful intubations, while statistically significant differences were found regarding the intubation times. During the in vivo tests, procedures were performed by residents and by base physicians, and no statistically significant differences were found. The provided results point out that the VDL proposed can be clinically useful and offers technical characteristics similar to other VDLs that currently exist on the market.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial potential of Eucalyptus obliqua leaf methanolic extract against Plasmodium vivax: An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1023-1028
Author(s):  
Shehzad Zareen ◽  
Shahid Niaz Khan ◽  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Sumbal Haleem ◽  
Rehman Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Parasitic Infections

Abstract Malaria is an intraerythrocytic parasitic disease caused by the genus Plasmodium of which Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are the major species. The high cost and associated side effects of antimalarial drugs triggered research about medicinal plants to develop alternative and low-cost drugs with lesser side effects. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antiplasmodial activity of the Eucalyptus obliqua L’Hér. leaf extract against P. vivax and its phytochemicals in in vitro. The methanolic extract of E. obliqua was prepared and different concentrations of the crude extract and phytochemicals were used against P. vivax. The methanolic extract of E. obliqua showed profound antiplasmodial activity (LD50 0.084 mg/mL; 80.04%) at 0.1 mg/mL concentration after 24 h. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins were found in the E. obliqua methanolic extract. Only alkaloids at the concentration (0.1 mg/mL) exhibited 60.93% inhibition of P. vivax. The methanolic extract of E. obliqua exhibits antiplasmodial activity in vitro. However, in vivo efficacy is an important aspect in the testing of medicinal plants against parasitic infections and should be evaluated in future.

Effects of TSH and calcitriol on bone metabolism: in vivo and in vitro study

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Dumic-Cule ◽  
Dunja Rogic ◽  
Damir Jezek ◽  
Lovorka Grgurevic ◽  
Slobodan Vukicevic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Macrophagic Inflammatory Response Next to Dental Implants with Different Macro- and Micro-Structure: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5324
Author(s):  
Maria Menini ◽  
Francesca Delucchi ◽  
Domenico Baldi ◽  
Francesco Pera ◽  
Francesco Bagnasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

(1) Background: Intrinsic characteristics of the implant surface and the possible presence of endotoxins may affect the bone–implant interface and cause an inflammatory response. This study aims to evaluate the possible inflammatory response induced in vitro in macrophages in contact with five different commercially available dental implants. (2) Methods: one zirconia implant NobelPearl® (Nobel Biocare) and four titanium implants, Syra® (Sweden & Martina), Prama® (Sweden & Martina), 3iT3® (Biomet 3i) and Shard® (Mech & Human), were evaluated. After 4 h of contact of murine macrophage cells J774a.1 with the implants, the total RNA was extracted, transcribed to cDNA and the gene expression of the macrophages was evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in relation to the following genes: GAPDH, YWHAZ, IL1β, IL6, TNFα, NOS2, MMP-9, MMP-8 and TIMP3. The results were statistically analyzed and compared with negative controls. (3) Results: No implant triggered a significant inflammatory response in macrophages, although 3iT3 exhibited a slight pro-inflammatory effect compared to other samples. (4) Conclusions: All the samples showed optimal outcomes without any inflammatory stimulus on the examined macrophagic cells.

scholarly journals The Radiation-Induced Regenerative Response of Adult Tissue-Specific Stem Cells: Models and Signaling Pathways

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 855
Author(s):  
Paola Serrano Martinez ◽  
Lorena Giuranno ◽  
Marc Vooijs ◽  
Robert P. Coppes
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Adult Tissue ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiotherapy is involved in the treatment of many cancers, but damage induced to the surrounding normal tissue is often inevitable. Evidence suggests that the maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration of the normal tissue is driven by specific adult tissue stem/progenitor cells. These tasks involve the input from several signaling pathways. Irradiation also targets these stem/progenitor cells, triggering a cellular response aimed at achieving tissue regeneration. Here we discuss the currently used in vitro and in vivo models and the involved specific tissue stem/progenitor cell signaling pathways to study the response to irradiation. The combination of the use of complex in vitro models that offer high in vivo resemblance and lineage tracing models, which address organ complexity constitute potential tools for the study of the stem/progenitor cellular response post-irradiation. The Notch, Wnt, Hippo, Hedgehog, and autophagy signaling pathways have been found as crucial for driving stem/progenitor radiation-induced tissue regeneration. We review how these signaling pathways drive the response of solid tissue-specific stem/progenitor cells to radiotherapy and the used models to address this.

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