scholarly journals Examining the Relationship Between Victimization, Psychopathy, and the Acceptance of Rape Myths

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096666
Author(s):  
Eric M. Cooke ◽  
Richard H. Lewis ◽  
Brittany E. Hayes ◽  
Leana A. Bouffard ◽  
Danielle L. Boisvert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Rape Myths ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The Relationship

Rape myths are attitudes that implicitly and explicitly blame victims for their own sexual victimization. Greater adherence to rape myths is linked to several negative outcomes, including the neutralization of gender-based violence and the perpetration of sexual violence. Few studies have considered how previous life experiences and individual-level traits influence the development and greater adherence to rape myths. The current study examines how traits associated with the three-factor model of psychopathy (i.e., egocentric, callous, and antisocial dimensions) and adherence to traditional gender roles mediate the relationship between prior childhood/adolescent victimization and the acceptance of rape myths in a sample of college men and women ( N = 789). Path modeling indicates that experiences of psychological victimization (before age 16) increased egocentric psychopathic traits, which then increased the acceptance of rape myths in men. In women, however, sexual victimization (before age 16) increased the acceptance of traditional gender roles, which then influenced the acceptance of rape myths. Additionally, the egocentric facet of psychopathy exerted indirect effects on the acceptance of rape myths through traditional views on gender roles in both men and women. These findings highlight the need to continue to examine egocentric personality traits in relation to the development of rape myths in adolescent and young adult populations. Directions for collegiate programming are discussed.

scholarly journals Aproximación a los enfoques de género e interseccionalidad: aprendizajes significativos en la interacción de estudiantes universitarios con una comunidad indígena del Ecuador / Approach to Gender and Intersectionality perspectives: Meaningful Learning in the Interaction of University Students with an Indigenous Community in Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Alejandra Yepez ◽  
Carolina Cedeño ◽  
Eduardo Granja ◽  
Tarquino Yacelga
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Meaningful Learning ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

ABSTRACTUniversidad de Las Américas (UDLA) -Quito, initiated the "Gender roles in the family environment of the El Topo Commune" project, which aims to promote equitable relationships between men and women, and prevent gender-based violence. In addition, the project seeks to expose and act on inequities and social problems of violence. The study focused on evidencing the learning and changes generated in the students as a result of training, sensitization, and interaction with the El Topo indigenous community.  In this context gender, intersectionality, and community outreach and interculturality are combined in the challenge of promoting meaningful learning (action research).RESUMENLa Universidad de las Américas (UDLA)–Quito, inició el proyecto “Roles de género en el entorno familiar de la Comuna El Topo”, cuyo objetivo es promover relaciones equitativas entre hombres y mujeres, y prevenir violencia de género.  Además, se pretende visibilizar y actuar frente a inequidades y problemáticas sociales de violencia. El estudio se enfocó en evidenciar los aprendizajes y cambios generados en las y los estudiantes a partir de la capacitación, sensibilización e interacción con la comunidad indígena El Topo. En este contexto se conjugan género, interseccionalidad, y vinculación comunitaria e interculturalidad bajo el reto de promover aprendizajes significativos (investigación-acción).

Raising the Bar

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-45
Author(s):  
Cat M. Ariail
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Black Woman ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Gold Medal ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Black Womanhood ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Ideal Image ◽  
Sport Culture ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter chronicles the international athletic experiences of Alice Coachman, the first black woman to win an Olympic gold medal, examining how her successes, especially at the 1948 Olympic Games, challenged the ideal image of American athleticism and, in turn, American identity. The relative invisibility of Coachman in the white sporting press indicates that she raised uncomfortable questions about race, gender, and American belonging. The interracial homecoming held in her hometown of Albany, Georgia, and a visit to Oval Office further expose how Coachman’s achievement required white America to rethink the relationship between race, gender, and American identity. While black sport culture lauded Coachman, they presented her as figure of black womanhood, reinforcing the centrality of traditional gender roles to ideal Americanness.

The Effects of Attitudes Toward Family Life and Gender Roles on Marital Satisfaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANE N. LYE ◽  
TIMOTHY J. BIBLARZ
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Family Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between the gender role and family attitudes of husbands and wives and five indicators of marital satisfaction. The authors argue that men and women who espouse nontraditional attitudes are likely to be less satisfied than their more traditional counterparts. An empirical analysis is presented using data from husbands and wives interviewed in the 1987-88 National Survey of Families and Households. Husbands and wives who hold nontraditional attitudes toward family life are less satisfied with their marriages, as are men and women whose attitudes diverge from their spouse's attitudes. The effects of attitudes did not vary according to the actual gender roles observed by the couple.

Missed Opportunities: Perspectives of Incarcerated Israeli Women and Men on Their Unsuccessful Desistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Gila Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Women Inmates ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Depth Interviews

The current study explores the factors that people incarcerated in Israeli prisons identify as contributing to their unsuccessful desistance. Twenty in-depth interviews were carried out with substance-involved men and women inmates. The findings showed that they faced subjective and sociostructural problems, reflecting interlocking axes of marginalization. However, the men and women constructed their narratives of unsuccessful desistance according to traditional gender roles: The men’s accounts were embedded in key concepts of masculinity such as unemployment, whereas the women’s accounts related to feminine notions such as motherhood. Possible implications for theory and intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals The Shift in Gender Roles in Amy Tan’s 'The Joy Luck Club' and Khaled Hosseini’s 'The Kite Runner'

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujad Didien Afandi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The Family ◽  
To Receive

The unfair gender roles under patriarchal system are constructed to preserve gender inequality between men and women. Gender role practices extend gradually to maintain the male hegemony to make women powerless because female traditional gender roles (femininities) create dependency to men. Men are assigned to masculinities equipped with power, whereas women are ascribed to femininities to set boundaries that limit their movement. Yet, the increase of female awareness of gender equality has changed this situation. Gender roles are gradually shifting from traditional to modern as the opportunities to receive education and job open widely to develop women's roles that enable them to give financial contribution to the family. This study was purposed to analyze the shift in gender roles in 'The Joy Luck Club' and 'The Kite Runner'. This study used qualitative design in which Chinese traditional gender roles were described using Confucian perspective, whereas Afghan traditional gender roles were exposed in Islamic perspective. Moreover, Karl Marx's conflict theory was used to analyze the shift in gender roles in both novels. The results of study found that the construction of traditional gender roles in both China and Afghanistan was influenced mostly by patriarchy which perceives men as more superior than women. However, the dynamic changes of gender roles, especially femininities, supported by the increase of female education and occupation provide women with more power to achieve development. Further studies are encouraged to analyze other gender roles which have not discussed in this study.

Woman's Body as the Site of Violence in Parijat's Blue Mimosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Indira Acharya Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Special Power ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Control

 The article aims to analyze Parijat's Blue Mimosa, which was originally published as Śirīṣako Phūla (1965) from the feminist perspective. Feminists argue that patriarchy is unfriendly to women. They explain that because of biased patriarchal gender roles women suffer from gender-based violence. They claim that in patriarchy men have special power and privileges which allow them to dominate and control women to their benefit. They use corporal punishment and sexual violence in case women deny to submit to them. Thus, feminists protest the imposition of traditional gender roles in the process of socialization. They demand for a more egalitarian perspective towards gender which allows human individuals to live according to their interests and capacities. In Blue Mimosa, the female characters become the victim of gender-based violence. They are physically assaulted, raped, and murdered. Their bodies become the site where men enact violence. Thus, feminism is relevant to analyze the text. The article argues that these female characters become the victim of violence just because they are women. The article helps to understand how women suffer from gender-based violence in patriarchy.

How Gender-Role Salience Influences Attitude Strength and Persuasive Message Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asia A. Eaton ◽  
Penny S. Visser ◽  
Vicki Burns
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Attitude Strength ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Role Salience ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Male Gender Roles ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted three studies to examine the relationship between gender and persuasion. We tested the notion that making gender roles salient affects the strength of individuals’ attitudes and the way they respond to persuasive information. In Studies 1 and 2, we found that priming women with the female gender role reduced the strength of their attitudes (Study 1, N = 50) and increased their susceptibility to persuasion through a low-thought process (Study 2, N = 98). In Study 3, we manipulated the salience of both the female and male gender roles among men and women and assessed persuasion to a counter-attitudinal message ( N = 185). We found that the female and male primes affected men and women similarly, with the female prime causing participants to process messages superficially and the male prime leading to thoughtful message processing. These findings help to explain women’s slightly greater persuadability in meta-analyses and provide evidence of harms that stereotypes about women can cause. Moving forward, we urge researchers to be wary of gender salience in the research context, especially when conducting persuasion research.

Mary Astell: Defender of the “Disembodied Mind”

Hypatia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia B. Bryson
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Major Premise ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Social Contracts ◽  
Intrinsic Difference ◽  
Mary Astell ◽  
Disembodied Mind

This paper demonstrates how Mary Astell's version of Cartesian dualism supports her disavowal of female subordination and traditional gender roles, her rejection of Locke's notion of “thinking matter” as a major premise for rejecting his political philosophy of “social contracts” between men and women, and, finally, her claim that there is no intrinsic difference between genders in terms of ratiocination, the primary assertion that grants her the title of the first female English feminist.

scholarly journals Gender roles produce divergent economic expectations

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. e2008534118
Author(s):  
Francesco D’Acunto ◽  
Ulrike Malmendier ◽  
Michael Weber
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Expectations Gap ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Frequent Exposure

Expectations about economic variables vary systematically across genders. In the domain of inflation, women have persistently higher expectations than men. We argue that traditional gender roles are a significant factor in generating this gender expectations gap as they expose women and men to different economic signals in their daily lives. Using unique data on the participation of men and women in household grocery chores, their resulting exposure to price signals, and their inflation expectations, we document a tight link between the gender expectations gap and the distribution of grocery shopping duties. Because grocery prices are highly volatile, and consumers focus disproportionally on positive price changes, frequent exposure to grocery prices increases perceptions of current inflation and expectations of future inflation. The gender expectations gap is largest in households whose female heads are solely responsible for grocery shopping, whereas no gap arises in households that split grocery chores equally between men and women. Our results indicate that gender differences in inflation expectations arise due to social conditioning rather than through differences in innate abilities, skills, or preferences.

scholarly journals Dansað á óplægðum akrinum. Tólf lík, níu staðir og í lokin eru allir glaðir

Ritið ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-97
Author(s):  
Kjartan Már Ómarsson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Concrete Poetry ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Media

Literature has a long history of chastising women who defy ,traditional‘ gender roles. By turning a critical eye on the poem danse grotesque by the Icelandic poet Sjón, its staging and visual presentations, as well as fundamental interpretive keys such as trolls and dance, one senses a resistance to the prevailing manifestations of women in the Western media. The article shows how the poem reassesses the relationship between femininity and death in Western culture.Keywords: Concrete poetry, avant-garde, decadence, gender roles, death, dance, trollsKjartan Már ÓmarssonDoktorsnemi í almennri bókmenntafræði Hugvísindasviði Háskóla ÍslandsSæmundargötu 2 IS-101 Reykjavík, Í[email protected]

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