Conflict Theory, Extended: A Framework for Understanding Contemporary Struggles Over Education Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 089590482110425
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Ferrare ◽  
Kate Phillippo
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Intersectionality Theory ◽  
The Us ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
P 16 ◽  
Practical Implications

Conflicts over education and education policy continue, and now new, diversified actors push for change while technologies expand the terrain where conflicts unfold. Conflict theories would seem best suited to address these conflicts. However, despite conflict theories’ substantive contributions, they are infrequently used in the US context and have met with critique, viewed as too reductive to fully contend with the complexities of conflict in the educational arena. In this paper, we extend traditional conflict theories to address these longstanding critiques and to also incorporate contemporary complexities and developments. Our study is grounded in recent developments in sociological field theory and intersectionality theory. Our proposed extension of conflict theory was developed in conversation with twelve empirical cases of recent conflicts in P-16 education. This iterative project’s novel insights offer practical implications for policy actors, researchers, and policymakers.

Intersectional Discrimination

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Atrey
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Intersectionality Theory ◽  
Indirect Discrimination ◽  
The Us ◽  
Treaty Body ◽  
The Eu

Why has intersectionality fallen by the wayside of discrimination law? Thirty years after Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term ‘intersectionality’, discrimination lawyers continue to be plagued by this question across a range of jurisdictions, including the US, UK, South Africa, India, Canada, as well as the UN treaty body jurisprudence and the jurisprudence of the EU and the ECHR. Claimants continue to struggle to establish intersectional claims based on more than one ground of discrimination. This book renews the bid for realizing intersectionality in comparative discrimination law. It presents a juridical account of intersectional discrimination as a category of discrimination inspired by intersectionality theory, and distinct from other categories of thinking about discrimination including strict, substantial, capacious, and contextual forms of single-axis discrimination, multiple discrimination, additive discrimination as in combination or compound discrimination, and embedded discrimination. Intersectional discrimination, defined in these theoretical and categorial terms, then needs to be translated into doctrine, recalibrating each of the central concepts and tools of discrimination law to respond to it—including the text of non-discrimination guarantees, the idea of grounds, the test for analogous grounds, the distinction between direct and indirect discrimination, the substantive meaning of discrimination, the use of comparators, the justification analysis and standard of review, the burden of proof between parties, and the range of remedies available. With this, the book presents a granular account of intersectional discrimination in theoretical, conceptual, and doctrinal terms, and aims to transform discrimination law in the process of realizing intersectionality within its discourse.

OCIE issues risk alert on the most frequently identified advisory fee and expense compliance issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Robert Van Grover
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Us ◽  
Investment Advisers ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose To summarize and interpret a Risk Alert issued on April 12, 2018 by the US SEC’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations (OCIE) on the most frequent advisory fee and expense compliance issues identified in recent examinations of investment advisers. Design/methodology/approach Summarizes deficiencies identified by the OCIE staff pertaining to advisory fees and expenses in the following categories: fee billing based on incorrect account valuations, billing fees in advance or with improper frequency, applying incorrect fee rates, omitting rebates and applying discounts incorrectly, disclosure issues involving advisory fees, and adviser expense misallocations. Findings In the Risk Alert, OCIE staff emphasized the importance of disclosures regarding advisory fees and expenses to the ability of clients to make informed decisions, including whether or not to engage or retain an adviser. Practical implications In light of the issues identified in the Risk Alert, advisers should assess the accuracy of disclosures and adequacy of policies and procedures regarding advisory fee billing and expenses. As a matter of best practice, advisers should implement periodic forensic reviews of billing practices to identify and correct issues relating to fee billing and expenses. Originality/value Expert guidance from experienced investment management lawyer.

The Use of Bitumen Linear Viscoelastic Properties to Assess Rutting Sensitivity

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 755-762
Author(s):  
Salah E. Zoorob ◽  
Ibrahim B. Kamaruddin ◽  
Napiah Madzlan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Equation ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Modified Binders ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Linear Viscoelastic ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Performance Grading

The use of viscosity temperature relationships to predict creep performance of road bitumens have been shown to be inadequate in particular with respect to the analysis of polymer modified binders. In this paper we explore the origins of the US Strategic Highway Research Programmebinder performance grading system and detail two examples of more recent developments towards improved creep characterisation.Starting from first principles, an equation to analyse the ratio of dissipated to stored energy during sinusoidal loading of viscoelastic bitumen was derived. The energy equation was contrasted with an empirical relationship proposed by Anderson D.A., and with a second more theoretical derivation proposed by Shenoy A.Using frequency sweep data from a conventional 40/50 pen grade bitumen and a proprietary SBS modified binder, the applicability of the energy equation was subsequently compared to the two aforementioned post-SHRP creep relations. Recommendations are made regarding the suitability of the proposed relations in ranking bitumen creep performance.

The SEC turns up the heat on private equity expense allocations

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Samuel Lieberman ◽  
John T. Araneo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Equity Fund ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Private Equity Fund ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Compliance Programs ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Us ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose To discuss the US Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC’s”) increasing focus on disclosure and conflict-of-interest problems arising from how private equity fund (“PE Fund”) managers allocate expenses between management and fund investors. Design/methodology/approach This article summarizes the background of this focus on expense allocations and, drawing from the recent SEC enforcement actions focused on this issue, and identifies the types of both expenses and disclosures that have caught SEC attention. Findings After spending the first two or three years post Dodd-Frank raising awareness of these issues, the SEC has begun to impose large fines over expense-allocation conflicts and disclosure issues. Practical implications It is imperative for PE Fund managers to retain counsel to review their fund offering documents, expense allocation practices, and compliance programs to ensure consistency with the SEC’s recent decisions on these issues. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers.

A UNIFIED FORMALISM OF THERMAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORY

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (14) ◽  
pp. 2363-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. CHU ◽  
H. UMEZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Vacuum Polarization ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Bogoliubov Transformation ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
Thermo Field Dynamics ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Recent Developments

We present a comprehensive review of the most fundamental and practical aspects of thermo-field dynamics (TFD), including some of the most recent developments in the field. To make TFD fully consistent, some suitable changes in the structure of the thermal doublets and the Bogoliubov transformation matrices have been made. A close comparison between TFD and the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path formalism (SKF) is presented. We find that TFD and SKF are in many ways the same in form; in particular, the two approaches are identical in stationary situations. However, TFD and SKF are quite different in time-dependent nonequilibrium situations. The main source of this difference is that the time evolution of the density matrix itself is ignored in SKF while in TFD it is replaced by a time-dependent Bogoliubov transformation. In this sense TFD is a better candidate for time-dependent quantum field theory. Even in equilibrium situations, TFD has some remarkable advantages over the Matsubara approach and SKF, the most notable being the Feynman diagram recipes, which we will present. We will show that the calculations of two-point functions are simplified, instead of being complicated, by the matrix nature of the formalism. We will present some explicit calculations using TFD, including space-time inhomogeneous situations and the vacuum polarization in equilibrium relativistic QED.

A NEW FORMULATION OF QUANTUM FIELD THEORY ON S4

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (18) ◽  
pp. 3245-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A. HARRIS ◽  
G.C. JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Momentum Space ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Fundamental Constants ◽  
Spherical Space ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Constants Of Nature

Recent developments in quantum gravity suggest that wormholes may influence the observed values of the constants of nature. The Euclidean formulation of quantum gravity predicts that wormholes induce a probability distribution in the space of possible fundamental constants. In particular, the effective action on a large spherical space may lead to the vanishing of the cosmological constant and possibly determine the values of other constants of nature. The ability to perform calculations involving interacting quantum fields, particularly non-Abelian models, on a four-sphere is vital if one is to investigate this possibility. In this paper we present a new formulation of field theory on a four-sphere using the angular momentum space representation of SO(5). We give a review of field theory on a sphere and then show how a matrix element prescription in angular momentum space and a new summation technique based on the complex l plane, overcome previous limitations in calculational techniques. The standard one-loop graphs of QED are given as examples.

scholarly journals Should Women Consult Health Agencies in Matters of Birth Control and Contraception?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Kraetschmer K
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Contraceptive Devices ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Harmful Effects

Background and Aim: On the background of recent developments revealing the harmful effects of contraceptive devices which are recommended by health agencies the paper aims at analyzing publications and other information material emanating from these agencies. This analysis – guided by the bioethical principle of informed consent — focuses on flawed science, ambiguous language, and misleading data. Method and Material: The method consists of collecting and analyzing information provided by health agencies for consumers inquiring about the safety and efficacy of contraceptive products. The material comprises documents, charts, leaflets and other publications emanating from the most authoritative and most frequently consulted health agencies, in particular those active in the US and European countries. Results and Implications: As a result of the investigation women must be advised to consult only a selected number of health agencies, especially those which take into account findings of pharmacovigilance, pharmaceutical vigilance, and scholarly publications focusing on the safety of contraception. The implications from an economic perspective are the discontinuation of funding through taxpayer money for those health agencies which continue to disseminate flawed science and demonstrate incompetence in questions about the safety of contraception.

Limit Up–Limit Down: an effective response to the “Flash Crash”?

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Dalko
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flash Crash ◽  
Price Momentum ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
The Us ◽  
Contemporary Reality ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the US Securities and Exchange Commission’s new regulation, Limit Up–Limit Down (LULD), against the background of manipulative high-frequency trading (HFT). Design/methodology/approach This paper examines the background of HFT and related manipulative tactics by reviewing 43 articles of empirical research. It also examines areas in which LULD is effective and those in which LULD fails. The assessment of LULD is completed with a comparison between computerized regulation and legal enforcement in the contemporary reality of electronic trading platforms. Findings The paper points out the effectiveness of LULD in regulating wild price volatility as well as its insufficiency when facing orderly but fast price momentum ignited by manipulative HFT such as “spoofing”. Practical implications The findings may provide assistance to lawmakers and regulators to improve LULD regulation. Originality/value This paper is the first attempt to assess LULD regulation against a comprehensive background of manipulative HFT. The paper is of value to other researchers concerned about the instability to the equity market that manipulative HFT can create. The paper is also of interest to policymakers in designing effective regulation in the high-frequency era.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document