In Vitro Models of Biological Responses to Implant Microbiological Models

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mombelli
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Oral Implants ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Micro Organisms

To study the etiology and explore possibilities for the therapy of implant-associated infections, investigators have developed and utilized various in vitro models. Major contributions have come from the non-oral medical field, where device-related infections can create life-threatening situations. Microbiological models may include (i) models to study the reaction of micro-organisms to the presence of implants, (ii) models to study the reaction of implant-associated micro-organisms to antimicrobial agents, and (iii) models to study the reaction of the host tissues to the presence of implants contaminated with micro-organisms. In evaluating the potential usefulness of these models for research in oral implantology, one must consider common features as well as important differences between implanted medical devices and oral implants. Although infections associated with implantable medical devices and oral peri-implant infections share a remarkable number of common features, there are also important differences that need attention when findings from in vitro experiments are extrapolated to clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Biodegradable nanofiber-based piezoelectric transducer

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli J. Curry ◽  
Thinh T. Le ◽  
Ritopa Das ◽  
Kai Ke ◽  
Elise M. Santorella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Processing Device ◽  
Implanted Devices

Piezoelectric materials, a type of “smart” material that generates electricity while deforming and vice versa, have been used extensively for many important implantable medical devices such as sensors, transducers, and actuators. However, commonly utilized piezoelectric materials are either toxic or nondegradable. Thus, implanted devices employing these materials raise a significant concern in terms of safety issues and often require an invasive removal surgery, which can damage directly interfaced tissues/organs. Here, we present a strategy for materials processing, device assembly, and electronic integration to 1) create biodegradable and biocompatible piezoelectric PLLA [poly(l-lactic acid)] nanofibers with a highly controllable, efficient, and stable piezoelectric performance, and 2) demonstrate device applications of this nanomaterial, including a highly sensitive biodegradable pressure sensor for monitoring vital physiological pressures and a biodegradable ultrasonic transducer for blood–brain barrier opening that can be used to facilitate the delivery of drugs into the brain. These significant applications, which have not been achieved so far by conventional piezoelectric materials and bulk piezoelectric PLLA, demonstrate the PLLA nanofibers as a powerful material platform that offers a profound impact on various medical fields including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and implanted medical devices.

scholarly journals Ion Leaching from Implantable Medical Devices

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 754-759
Author(s):  
Lawrence E. Eiselstein ◽  
Robert D. Caligiuri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Device Development ◽  
Soluble Ions ◽  
Chromium Alloys

Implantable medical devices must be able to withstand the corrosive environment of the human body for 10 or more years without adverse consequences. Most reported research and development has been on developing materials and devices that are biocompatible and resistant to corrosion-fatigue, pitting, and crevice corrosion. However, little has been directly reported regarding implantable materials with respect to the rate at which they generate soluble ions in-vivo. Most of the biocompatibility studies have been done by examining animal implants and cell cultures rather than examining the rate at which these materials leach ions into the body. This paper will discuss what is currently known about the rate at which common implant materials (such as stainless steels, cobalt-chromium alloys, and nitinol) elute ions under in vitro conditions, what the limitations are of such data, and how this data can be used in medical device development.

scholarly journals Nanomaterials for Treating Bacterial Biofilms on Implantable Medical Devices

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Hoai My Tran ◽  
Hien Tran ◽  
Marsilea A. Booth ◽  
Kate E. Fox ◽  
Thi Hiep Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Extracellular Polymer Substance ◽  
Antimicrobial Materials ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria

Bacterial biofilms are involved in most device-associated infections and remain a challenge for modern medicine. One major approach to addressing this problem is to prevent the formation of biofilms using novel antimicrobial materials, device surface modification or local drug delivery; however, successful preventive measures are still extremely limited. The other approach is concerned with treating biofilms that have already formed on the devices; this approach is the focus of our manuscript. Treating biofilms associated with medical devices has unique challenges due to the biofilm’s extracellular polymer substance (EPS) and the biofilm bacteria’s resistance to most conventional antimicrobial agents. The treatment is further complicated by the fact that the treatment must be suitable for applying on devices surrounded by host tissue in many cases. Nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for preventing biofilm formation on medical devices, yet their applications in treating bacterial biofilm remains to be further investigated due to the fact that treating the biofilm bacteria and destroying the EPS are much more challenging than preventing adhesion of planktonic bacteria or inhibiting their surface colonization. In this highly focused review, we examined only studies that demonstrated successful EPS destruction and biofilm bacteria killing and provided in-depth description of the nanomaterials and the biofilm eradication efficacy, followed by discussion of key issues in this topic and suggestion for future development.

Wireless Power Transfer to Implantable Medical Devices With Multi-Layer Planar Spiral Coils

2021 ◽  
pp. 457-481
Author(s):  
N. Sertac Artan ◽  
Reza K. Amineh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Spiral Coils ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillators

Implantable medical devices such as pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators, deep brain stimulators, retinal and cochlear implants are gaining significant attraction and growth due to their capability to monitor the health condition in real time, diagnose a particular disease, or provide treatment for a particular disease. In order to charge these devices, wireless power transfer technology is considered as a powerful means. This eliminates the need for extra surgery to replace the battery. In this chapter, some of the major implanted medical devices are reviewed. Then, various wireless power transfer configurations are reviewed briefly for charging such devices. The chapter continues with reviewing wireless power transfer configurations based on the multi-layer printed or non-printed planar spiral coils. At the end, some of the recent works related to using multi-layer planar spiral coils for safe and efficient powering of IMDs will be discussed.

scholarly journals Challenges for the Implantation of Symbiotic Nanostructured Medical Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Alcaraz ◽  
Gauthier Menassol ◽  
Géraldine Penven ◽  
Jacques Thélu ◽  
Sarra El Ichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biofuel Cells ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Enzymatic Biofuel Cells ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Biomimetic Approach ◽  
Implanted Device

We discuss the perspectives of designing implantable medical devices that have the criterion of being symbiotic. Our starting point was whether the implanted device is intended to have any two-way (“duplex”) communication of energy or materials with the body. Such duplex communication extends the existing concepts of a biomaterial and biocompatibility to include the notion that it is important to consider the intended functional use of the implanted medical device. This demands a biomimetic approach to design functional symbiotic implantable medical devices that can be more efficient in mimicking what is happening at the molecular and cellular levels to create stable interfaces that allow for the unfettered exchanges of molecules between an implanted device and a body. Such a duplex level of communication is considered to be a necessary characteristic of symbiotic implanted medical devices that are designed to function for long periods of time inside the body to restore and assist the function of the body. We illustrate these perspectives with experience gained from implanting functional enzymatic biofuel cells.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial effects of Extracts from Leaves of Medicinal Herbs and Native Brazilian Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-254
Author(s):  
Bárbara Ponzilacqua ◽  
Sarah Hwa In Lee ◽  
João Luíz Zani ◽  
Roice Eliana Rosim ◽  
Carlos Humberto Corassin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Screening Study ◽  
Micro Organisms

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of crude and lyophilized extracts of leaves from sweet passion fruit (Passiflora alata), araçá (Psidium cattleianum), rosemary (Rosamrinus officinalis) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) on planktonic cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Sweet passion fruit showed no inhibitory effect against the micro-organisms tested. However, crude and lyophilized extracts from Araçá had the highest (P < 0.05) antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 0.39 and 0.35 mg/ml, respectively. MIC values against S. aureus for lyophilized extracts from rosemary and crude extracts from oregano were 0.57 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively. None of the extracts demonstrated effective results against A. parasiticus, although araçá and oregano extracts had the lowest (P < 0.05) MIC values when compared with the other extracts. This preliminary screening study indicated that araçá, rosemary and oregano are interesting alternatives as antimicrobial agents in food substrates, although further studies are needed to develop commercial formulations based on field trials.

scholarly journals In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichi Futatsumori ◽  
Yoshifumi Kawamura ◽  
Takashi Hikage ◽  
Toshio Nojima ◽  
Ben Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Rfid Reader ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

Legal and regulatory update

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Post Market Surveillance ◽  
Post Market ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regulatory Update

The European Commission has launched a public consultation on its proposed amendments to the Medical Devices Directive (MDD) (Dir 93/42/EEC). The aim of the European Commission's proposals is to improve the coherence, transparency and effectiveness of the legislation governing medical devices in line with the recommendations of the report produced in 2002 by the European Commission's Medical Device Experts Group. This report recommended that the requirements for clinical evaluation of medical devices be clarified, transparency be increased by amending post-market surveillance requirements and that the decision making process be improved by empowering the European Commission to make binding decisions where individual national opinions differ on whether a product falls within the definition of 'medical device'. The report also recommended that the three directives governing medical devices (the MDD, the Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMD) Directive 90/385/EEC and the In-vitro Medical Devices (IVDD) Directive 98/79/EC) should be made more consistent with each other.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document