Evidence-Based Acute Bronchitis Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly L. Tackett ◽  
Aaron Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Airway Infection ◽  
Environmental Trigger ◽  
Large Airways ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Antitussive Agents

Acute bronchitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the large airways within the lung accompanied by a cough lasting from 1 to 3 weeks. The inflammation occurs as a result of an airway infection or environmental trigger, with viral infections accounting for an estimated 89% to 95% of cases. Symptomatic treatment of cough is primarily required for patients, though in most cases the condition is self-limiting. Therapy consists of both nonpharmacological and pharmacological options to include antibiotics and antivirals, antitussive agents, protussive agents, and beta-2-agonists. This article reviews the treatment options for acute bronchitis and recommends criteria for use.

scholarly journals Are Community Acquired Respiratory Viral Infections an Underestimated Burden in Hematology Patients?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Popescu ◽  
Ursache ◽  
Feketea ◽  
Bocsan ◽  
Jimbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Improve Outcome ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Despite a plethora of studies demonstrating significant morbidity and mortality due to community-acquired respiratory viral (CRV) infections in intensively treated hematology patients, and despite the availability of evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in this setting, there is no uniform inclusion of respiratory viral infection management in the clinical hematology routine. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis and systematic management of CRV infections in intensively treated hematology patients has a demonstrated potential to significantly improve outcome. We have briefly summarized the recently published data on CRV infection epidemiology, as well as guidelines on the diagnosis and management of CRV infections in patients intensively treated for hematological malignancies. We have also assessed available treatment options, as well as mentioned novel agents currently in development.

scholarly journals Serum Biomarkers for the Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1681
Author(s):  
José Debes ◽  
Pablo Romagnoli ◽  
Jhon Prieto ◽  
Marco Arrese ◽  
Angelo Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metabolic Conditions

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer death. Major etiologies of HCC relate to chronic viral infections as well as metabolic conditions. The survival rate of people with HCC is very low and has been attributed to late diagnosis with limited treatment options. Combining ultrasound and the biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is currently one of the most widely used screening combinations for HCC. However, the clinical utility of AFP is controversial, and the frequency and operator-dependence of ultrasound lead to a variable degree of sensitivity and specificity across the globe. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the search for non-invasive serum biomarkers for early detection of HCC to improve prognosis and outcome for patients. We focus on tumor-associated protein markers, immune mediators (cytokines and chemokines), and micro-RNAs in serum or circulating extracellular vesicles and examine their potential for clinical application.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Before the Fall, An Evidence-Based Narrative Review of Treatment Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Rebold ◽  
Dana Holger ◽  
Sara Alosaimy ◽  
Taylor Morrisette ◽  
Michael Rybak
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Evidence Based

scholarly journals New possibilities of elimination-irrigation therapy drugs during the seasonal rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Radtsig
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Various methods and variants of nasal cavity irrigation are one of the most ancient in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. When choosing a remedy for elimination and irrigation therapy, preference is given to preparations based on sea water, containing in its composition minerals and trace elements that cause additional therapeutic effect. A new direction in this type of therapy is the use of drugs containing fucoidans (obtained from brown algae extract). Their immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory effect can improve the effectiveness of elimination and irrigation therapy in symptomatic treatment of ARVI / influenza and their complications (sinusitis, adenoiditis).

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 in Pregnancy: Fitting Into the Existing Viral Repertoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopali Rajput ◽  
Jitender Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Fetal Protection ◽  
In Pregnancy

The risk of viral infection during pregnancy is well-documented; however, the intervention modalities that in practice enable maternal-fetal protection are restricted by limited understanding. This becomes all the more challenging during pandemics. During many different epidemic and pandemic viral outbreaks, worse outcomes (fetal abnormalities, mortality, preterm labor, etc.) seem to affect pregnant women than what has been evident when compared to non-pregnant women. The condition of pregnancy, which is widely understood as “immunosuppressed,” needs to be re-understood in terms of the way the immune system works during such a state. The immune system gets transformed to accommodate and facilitate fetal growth. The interference of such supportive conversion by viral infection and the risk of co-infection lead to adverse fetal outcomes. Hence, it is crucial to understand the risk and impact of potent viral infections likely to be encountered during pregnancy. In the present article, we review the effects imposed by previously established and recently emerging/re-emerging viral infections on maternal and fetal health. Such understanding is important in devising strategies for better preparedness and knowing the treatment options available to mitigate the relevant adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF EFFICACY OF USING PLATELET-RICH PLASMA AND BETAMETHAZONE IN THE TREEATMENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
M. A. Aljabali ◽  
L. V. Kuts
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Instrumental Methods

In the era of evidence-based medicine, confirming a disease by using various instrumental methods is one of the important tasks. This enables to reduce the number of diagnostic errors and to prescribe the appropriate treatment in accordance with the current views on the problem of alopecia areata in each case. Moreover, monitoring the course of the disease, data recording and their statistical processing opens up the prospect for obtaining evidence-based treatment methods. Studying the effectiveness of various treatment options and approaches including the registration of results obtained and their statistical processing is of great clinical significance. The aim of this study is to compare the efficiency of monotherapy with betamethasone injections, with platelet-rich plasma, and their combination. The venous blood of 104 patients aged (35.7 ± 8.9 years with alopecia areata was used in the study. All patients were randomly divided to three groups. The group І received intradermal injections of betamethasone (4 sessions per month). The group ІІ received intradermal injections of platelet-rich plasma once every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. The group ІІІ received 4 sessions of betamethasone which were alternated with 4 sessions of platelet-rich plasma treatment at interval of 2 weeks. The patients were examined before the treatment and in 3, 6 and 17 months. The following factors as the age, sex, smoking habit, the presence of alopecia in relatives, the duration, shape and stage of the disease, the index of the severity of alopecia and hair growth, the presence of "yellow and black dots", "conical" and terminal hair were considered in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 22.0.). The results have shown the combination therapy allows us to obtain the best result, especially in long follow-up period.

Skin Infections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan V. Hirschmann
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Fournier Gangrene ◽  
Tinea Versicolor

The skin can become infected by viruses, fungi, and bacteria, including some that ordinarily are harmless colonizing organisms. The most common fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, which can involve the hair, nails, and skin. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations of specimens from affected areas typically demonstrate hyphae, and either topical or systemic antifungal therapy usually cures or controls the process. The most common bacterial pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus and group A streptococci, which, alone or together, can cause a wide variety of disorders, including impetigo, ecthyma, and cellulitis. Topical antibiotics may suffice for impetigo, but ecthyma and cellulitis require systemic treatment. S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, can also cause furuncles, carbuncles, and cutaneous abscesses. For these infections, incision and drainage without antibiotics are usually curative. Warts are the most common cutaneous viral infection, and eradication can be difficult, especially where the skin is thick, such as the palms and soles, or the patient is immunocompromised. Most therapies consist of trying to destroy the viruses by mechanical, chemical, or immune mechanisms. This review covers dermatophyte infections, yeast infections, bacterial infections, and viral infections of the skin. Figures show the classic annular lesion of tinea corporis, a typical kerion presenting as a zoophilic Microsporum canis infection of the scalp (tinea capitis), tinea corporis, tinea barbae, tinea pedis between and under the toes and on the plantar surface, inflammatory tinea pedis, tinea unguium, tinea manuum, angular cheilitis, prominent satellite lesions of discrete vesicles associated with candidiasis, facial candidiasis, Candida paronychia, tinea versicolor, nonbullous impetigo, bullous impetigo, ecthyma, leg cellulitis, erythema and edema on the cheeks, eyelids, and nose, furuncle, carbuncle, nasal folliculitis, pitted keratolysis, trichomycosis axillaris, necrotizing fasciitis, Fournier gangrene, folliculitis, plantar wart, condyloma acuminatum, and benign lesions of bowenoid papulosis. Tables list dermatophyte species, terminology of dermatophyte infections, topical agents for dermatophyte infections, treatment options for impetigo (adult doses), and treatment options for erythrasma.   This review contains 28 highly rendered figures, 5 tables, and 33 references

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