eMaintenance in railways: Issues and challenges in cybersecurity

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravdeep Kour ◽  
Mustafa Aljumaili ◽  
Ramin Karim ◽  
Phillip Tretten
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Cyber Threats ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Railway Maintenance ◽  
Security Analytics

The convergence of information technology and operation technology and the associated paradigm shift toward Industry 4.0 in complex systems, such as railways has brought significant benefits in reliability, maintainability, operational efficiency, capacity, as well as improvements in passenger experience. However, with the adoption of information and communications technologies in railway maintenance, vulnerability to cyber threats has increased. It is essential that organizations move toward security analytics and automation to improve and prevent security breaches and to quickly identify and respond to security events. This paper provides a statistical review of cybersecurity incidents in the transportation sector with a focus on railways. It uses a web-based search for data collection in popular databases. The overall objective is to identify cybersecurity challenges in the railway sector.

Information Technologies and the Global Political Economy

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Hart
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Telecommunications Services

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) constitute a potentially transformative force in world politics. The industries associated with these technologies are growing rapidly, and some have argued that their importance in the overall economy at both the national and global levels increased in recent decades. ICT industries include both goods producers and service providers. ICT manufacturing includes all the goods-producing industries that use semiconductor components, such as consumer electronics, the computer industry, the telecommunications equipment industry, and industrial and military electronics. Within each of these groups, there are sub-industries that specialize in particular segments of the market. The services side of ICTs is also very large in terms of revenues and employment, and is growing rapidly. ICT services include, among others, the software industry, telecommunications services, data processing, and web-based information services. Many scholars argue that the importance of ICT industries goes beyond the revenues and employment generated in the industries themselves, however. ICTs may also be transformative in that they reduce transaction and communications costs in the overall economy. They make possible new forms of organization of human activity, especially as globalization and digitalization is progressing rapidly in the recent decades. Such processes have attracted the attention of international relations scholars, as they have been focusing on international regimes governing ICT-related activities in the past decade.

Improving Urban Planning Information, Transparency and Participation in Public Administrations

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-75
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Significant Effort

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the involvement of citizens in all public affairs that is also extended to urban planning. Spanish Public Administrations have made important changes and progress trying to get urban and spatial planning closer to the citizen. Firstly, a significant effort has been made to generate knowledge services providing citizen access to urban planning information. Secondly, administrations try to involve citizens in urban planning through participation programmes by using the new channels that information and communication technology offers. This paper analyses different instruments and web-based participation systems implemented in Spain in order to check the result of these developments concluding that there is still a long considerable way to go since information and communications technologies offers a lot of options and tools to improve these processes.

Improving Urban Planning Information, Transparency and Participation in Public Administrations

2019 ◽  
pp. 936-955
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Significant Effort

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the involvement of citizens in all public affairs that is also extended to urban planning. Spanish Public Administrations have made important changes and progress trying to get urban and spatial planning closer to the citizen. Firstly, a significant effort has been made to generate knowledge services providing citizen access to urban planning information. Secondly, administrations try to involve citizens in urban planning through participation programmes by using the new channels that information and communication technology offers. This paper analyses different instruments and web-based participation systems implemented in Spain in order to check the result of these developments concluding that there is still a long considerable way to go since information and communications technologies offers a lot of options and tools to improve these processes.

Improving Urban Planning Information, Transparency and Participation in Public Administrations

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Significant Effort

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the involvement of citizens in all public affairs that is also extended to urban planning. Spanish Public Administrations have made important changes and progress trying to get urban and spatial planning closer to the citizen. Firstly, a significant effort has been made to generate knowledge services providing citizen access to urban planning information. Secondly, administrations try to involve citizens in urban planning through participation programmes by using the new channels that information and communication technology offers. This paper analyses different instruments and web-based participation systems implemented in Spain in order to check the result of these developments concluding that there is still a long considerable way to go since information and communications technologies offers a lot of options and tools to improve these processes.

Evolving Web Based Technologies and their Potential for Developing Online Learning Communities and Support for Lifelong Learning

2013 ◽  
pp. 522-533
Author(s):  
Catherine McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Lifelong Learners ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Online Learning Communities ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Formal And Informal Learning ◽  
Social Communicative

Lifelong learning can be broadly defined as purposeful learning that people engage in throughout the lifespan. The proliferation of knowledge, the information society, and the accelerating use of information and communications technologies combine to create a demand for professionals who are flexible, motivated, and self-directed, as well as multiskilled. Recently, there has been an increasing focus on developing generic skills and competencies as part of tertiary learning. Graduates are expected to meet the demands of employers for social communicative and cooperative skills as opposed to abstract disciplinary knowledge, and therefore, the acquisition of lifelong learning skills is imperative if they are to remain productive, competitive, and open minded. As the current information age is characterised by continual dynamic change, graduates need a dynamic set of attributes or competencies. In order to develop as lifelong learners, tertiary learners need to be exposed to activities and tasks that prepare them for the responsibilities that lifelong learning requires. One key strategy for supporting lifelong learning is through pedagogical approaches that recognise that both formal and informal learning have value, and that both forms of learning can be supported in technology-supported learning environments. The raft of social software tools and applications now available offer greater opportunities to support the lifelong building of knowledge and competencies required for learning in the 21st century.

Improving Urban Planning Information, Transparency and Participation in Public Administrations

2019 ◽  
pp. 496-516
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Significant Effort

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the involvement of citizens in all public affairs that is also extended to urban planning. Spanish Public Administrations have made important changes and progress trying to get urban and spatial planning closer to the citizen. Firstly, a significant effort has been made to generate knowledge services providing citizen access to urban planning information. Secondly, administrations try to involve citizens in urban planning through participation programmes by using the new channels that information and communication technology offers. This paper analyses different instruments and web-based participation systems implemented in Spain in order to check the result of these developments concluding that there is still a long considerable way to go since information and communications technologies offers a lot of options and tools to improve these processes.

Stakeholders in Web-Based Education

2011 ◽  
pp. 2784-2790
Author(s):  
A. K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Just In Time ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Class Meetings ◽  
Asynchronous Environments ◽  
Web Based Education ◽  
The Web

As we move from a focus on data acquisition to a knowledge-based society, just-in-time and just-in-place education is becoming a necessity. Web-based education (WBE), an innovation of the twentieth century, provides anytime, anyplace education to anybody— irrespective of time, social status or distance. WBE extends from same-time-same-place (synchronous) to anytime-anyplace (asynchronous) environments (Aggarwal & Legon. 2003; Zhang, 2004). With advances in the Internet and the Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), the traditional emphasis on classroom instruction is disappearing and the particular media used in instruction is becoming less relevant (Alavi & Leidner, 2001; Benbunan-Fich, 2002; Berghel & Sallach, 20041). Learning can be accomplished through face-to-face class meetings or using the radio, CDs, television, or the Web. Just as in face-to-face education, it is becoming feasible to develop learning skills and critical thinking through the Web (Zhang, 2004). Many researchers are suggesting a “blended” approach, where part of the class is offered online and another part of the class is face-to-face (Turoff & Aggarwal, 2004). This gives the stakeholders, the nuclei of WBE, flexibility in selecting the medium of instruction.

Stakeholders in Web-Based Education

2011 ◽  
pp. 1660-1665
Author(s):  
A. K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Just In Time ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Class Meetings ◽  
Asynchronous Environments ◽  
Web Based Education ◽  
The Web

As we move from a focus on data acquisition to a knowledge-based society, just-in-time and just-in-place education is becoming a necessity. Web-based education (WBE), an innovation of the twentieth century, provides anytime, anyplace education to anybody— irrespective of time, social status or distance. WBE extends from same-time-same-place (synchronous) to anytime-anyplace (asynchronous) environments (Aggarwal & Legon. 2003; Zhang, 2004). With advances in the Internet and the Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), the traditional emphasis on classroom instruction is disappearing and the particular media used in instruction is becoming less relevant (Alavi & Leidner, 2001; Benbunan-Fich, 2002; Berghel & Sallach, 20041). Learning can be accomplished through face-to-face class meetings or using the radio, CDs, television, or the Web. Just as in face-to-face education, it is becoming feasible to develop learning skills and critical thinking through the Web (Zhang, 2004). Many researchers are suggesting a “blended” approach, where part of the class is offered online and another part of the class is face-to-face (Turoff & Aggarwal, 2004). This gives the stakeholders, the nuclei of WBE, flexibility in selecting the medium of instruction.

scholarly journals Technologies for Sustainable Biomass Supply—Overview of Market Offering

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Flak
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Biomass Supply ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Technical Proficiency ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Ultimate Objective

This article introduces a collection of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT), and Industry 4.0 technologies utilized in (or applicable to) biomass supply chains that constitute the current state-of-the-art along with their brief descriptions. The scoping of technologies has been conducted by means of direct interactions with bioeconomy stakeholders and technology providers, analysis of the reports from bioeconomy-related projects, literature surveys, and internet searches. It is to highlight that technology mapping investigated here is focused on commercially available tools and services, which usually come with support, thus removing the necessity for expert knowledge or unusual technical proficiency. The list with over 100 items represents the current best knowledge of its creators and it is currently available through the ICT-BIOCHAIN project platform, serving as a database with technology descriptions and capability for updating the information. The ultimate objective of the database and the platform is to serve as a common point facilitating the cross-sectorial connection, where biomass stakeholders looking for new ICT, IoT, and Industry 4.0 solutions to make their work more efficient and sustainable can browse and filter out the records of their interest and obtain the contact information of the providers.

ROLE OF LIBRARIANS IN TEACHING INFORMATION LITERACY IN ZIMBABWEAN AND SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinashe Mugwisi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Information Skills ◽  
The University

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) and the Internet have to a large extent influenced the way information is made available, published and accessed. More information is being produced too frequently and information users now require certain skills to sift through this multitude in order to identify what is appropriate for their purposes. Computer and information skills have become a necessity for all academic programmes. As libraries subscribe to databases and other peer-reviewed content (print and electronic), it is important that users are also made aware of such sources and their importance. The purpose of this study was to examine the teaching of information literacy (IL) in universities in Zimbabwe and South Africa, and the role played by librarians in creating information literate graduates. This was done by examining whether such IL programmes were prioritised, their content and how frequently they were reviewed. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to 12 university libraries in Zimbabwe and 21 in South Africa. A total of 25 questionnaires were returned. The findings revealed that IL was being taught in universities library and non-library staff, was compulsory and contributed to the term mark in some institutions. The study also revealed that 44 per cent of the total respondents indicated that the libraries were collaborating with departments and faculty in implementing IL programmes in universities. The study recommends that IL should be an integral part of the university programmes in order to promote the use of databases and to guide students on ethical issues of information use.

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