Unmanned air vehicles for targeting tasks

Unmanned aerial vehicle in surveillance and reconnaissance operations are well known with its flight operations confining to the lateral and longitudinal plane where the altitude is maintained constant. The objective in these operations is to have a wide field of view when camera is mounted underneath the aircraft. However, in obstacle detection algorithms as well as in weapon-target assignments by an unmanned combat air vehicle, the sensors such as cameras and radars are mounted along the X direction of the body fixed frame. The unmanned vehicles with such sensor locations are expected to offer obstacle-camera and weapon-target line-of-sight engagements. These operations by the unmanned vehicles are referred as targeting tasks. In this paper, a procedure to use unmanned vehicles as targeting systems in pitch plane is presented with respect to a fixed order controller at the inner loop. The remote pilot's inputs at the outer loop is disengaged and to mimic these inputs, various flight path angles are scheduled thus depicting autonomous characteristics. Illustrations to depict targeting tasks are provided.

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Inspection of Aircraft Wing Panels Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19081824 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 1824 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vasileios Tzitzilonis ◽

Konstantinos Malandrakis ◽

Luca Zanotti Fragonara ◽

Jose Angel Gonzalez Domingo ◽

Nicolas P. Avdelidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Path Following ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

Wide Field ◽

Aircraft Wing ◽

Detection Algorithms ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Aircraft Manufacturing ◽

Wide Field Of View ◽

Civil Aircraft ◽

Non Destructive

In large civil aircraft manufacturing, a time-consuming post-production process is the non-destructive inspection of wing panels. This work aims to address this challenge and improve the defects’ detection by performing automated aerial inspection using a small off-the-shelf multirotor. The UAV is equipped with a wide field-of-view camera and an ultraviolet torch for implementing non-invasive imaging inspection. In particular, the UAV is programmed to perform the complete mission and stream video, in real-time, to the ground control station where the defects’ detection algorithm is executed. The proposed platform was mathematically modelled in MATLAB/SIMULINK in order to assess the behaviour of the system using a path following method during the aircraft wing inspection. In addition, two defect detection algorithms were implemented and tested on a dataset containing images obtained during inspection at Airbus facilities. The results show that for the current dataset the proposed methods can identify all the images containing defects.

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Challenges Caused by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in the Air Traffic Management

Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering ◽

10.3311/pptr.11204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 96-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zsolt Sándor

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Traffic Control ◽

Traffic Management ◽

Unmanned Vehicles ◽

Air Traffic ◽

Aviation Industry ◽

Operational Environment ◽

Flight Operations ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Operational Issues

The increasing number of unmanned aerial vehicle poses new challenges in the aviation industry especially the air traffic control, which is responsible for the safe flight operations in the controlled airspaces. In order to protect the conventional aircraft a new operation environment has to be created, which guarantee the safe flying and the possibility of the fulfilment of the flight. In the article drone related safety and operational problems are highlighted. All issue connected to the coexistence of manned and unmanned aircrafts are critical, thus their management have significant importance.Spread and wide use of unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management systems (UTM) can manage the critical operational issues, but is has to be defined that what is the problem, what is the scope, what is the operational environment. Services and functions related to the operation of the UTM system are defined, which are necessary for the safe flying fulfilled by the unmanned vehicles.

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The design of passively athermalized narrow- and wide-field-of-view infrared objectives for the OBSERVER unmanned air vehicle

10.1117/12.582510 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Richard C. Simmons ◽

Paul A. Manning ◽

Trevor V. Chamberlain

Keyword(s):

Field Of View ◽

Wide Field ◽

Unmanned Air Vehicle ◽

Air Vehicle ◽

Wide Field Of View

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Wide Field-of-View, High-Resolution Endoscopic Lens Design with Low F-Number for Disposable Endoscopy

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics8040089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Dongmok Kim ◽

Sehui Chang ◽

Hyuk-Sang Kwon

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Disease Diagnosis ◽

Image Sensor ◽

The Body ◽

Field Of View ◽

Oxide Semiconductor ◽

Wide Field ◽

Lens Design ◽

Modulation Transfer ◽

Wide Field Of View

In the past few decades, video endoscopy has become one of the primary medical devices in diverse clinical fields for examination, treatment, and early disease diagnosis of the gastrointestinal tract. For an accurate diagnosis, an endoscopic camera offering bright and wide field-of-view images is required while maintaining its compact dimensions to enter the long, narrow, and dark tract inside of the body. Recent endoscopic lenses successfully provide wide fields-of-view and have compact sizes for the system; however, their f-numbers still remain at 2.8 or higher. Therefore, further improvement in f-numbers is required to compensate for the restricted illumination system of the endoscopic probe. Here, we present a low f-number endoscopic lens design while providing wide field-of-view and high-resolution imaging. The proposed lens system achieved a low f-number of 2.2 and a field-of-view of 140 deg. The modulation transfer function (MTF) is over 20% at 180 lp/mm, and relative illumination is more than 60% in the full field. Additionally, the proposed lens is designed for a 1/4” 5-megapixel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with a pixel size of 1.4 µm. This all-plastic lens design could help develop a high-performance disposable endoscope that prevents the risk of infection or cross-contamination with mass manufacture and low cost.

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The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the mountain rescue service

10.26552/pas.z.2021.1.07 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Gánovský ◽

◽

Branislav Kandera

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽

Slovak Republic ◽

Unmanned Vehicles ◽

Rescue Service ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

The Third ◽

Mountain Rescue ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Flight Operations ◽

Aerial Vehicle

The theme of paper is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Mountain rescue service. At the beginning, a brief summary about the history and development of unmanned aerial vehicles is made, starting from the very beginning to their gradual integration into the rescue systems all around the world. This part is followed by an analysis of the currently valid Slovak legislation regulating the rules of flying with unmanned aerial vehicles on the territory of Slovak Republic, which also affects the flight operations of mountain rescuers. Author also included an analysis of the European legislation, which should gradually replace the currently valid Slovak legislation and unify the rules of operation of unmanned aerial vehicles on the territory of the member states. The third chapter describes the use of specific types of unmanned aerial vehicles used by the Mountain rescue service of Slovak Republic and also of other European countries. We focused on the operational advantages and disadvantages compared to other types of aircraft technology used in the mountain rescue systems. The last part consists of an analysis of available equipment used in conjunction with unmanned aerial vehicles during avalanche accidents. Part of the work is also researching the possible extensions of mountain rescue operations by the implementation of modern avalanche beacons attached on the unmanned vehicles. In a research we focused mainly on the possible interference caused by the operation of unmanned aerial vehicle in close vicinity of an avalanche beacon.

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STM studies of crystal growth

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100086179 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 374-375

Author(s):

M. G. Lagally

Keyword(s):

Crystal Growth ◽

Molecular Beam ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Sputter Deposition ◽

Field Of View ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Wide Field ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Wide Field Of View ◽

The One

It has been recognized since the earliest days of crystal growth that kinetic processes of all Kinds control the nature of the growth. As the technology of crystal growth has become ever more refined, with the advent of such atomistic processes as molecular beam epitaxy, chemical vapor deposition, sputter deposition, and plasma enhanced techniques for the creation of “crystals” as little as one or a few atomic layers thick, multilayer structures, and novel materials combinations, the need to understand the mechanisms controlling the growth process is becoming more critical. Unfortunately, available techniques have not lent themselves well to obtaining a truly microscopic picture of such processes. Because of its atomic resolution on the one hand, and the achievable wide field of view on the other (of the order of micrometers) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) gives us this opportunity. In this talk, we briefly review the types of growth kinetics measurements that can be made using STM. The use of STM for studies of kinetics is one of the more recent applications of what is itself still a very young field.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Wide field-of-view, twin-region two-photon imaging across extended cortical networks.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.730478356.793519026 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Axel Nimmerjahn

Keyword(s):

Field Of View ◽

Wide Field ◽

Cortical Networks ◽

Two Photon ◽

Wide Field Of View ◽

Photon Imaging ◽

Two Photon Imaging

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Design and verification of high-precision multi-star simulator with a wide field of view

Chinese Optics ◽

10.37188/co.2020-0024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

XU Hong-gang ◽

◽

HAN Bing ◽

LI Man-li ◽

MA Hong-tao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Precision ◽

Field Of View ◽

Wide Field ◽

Wide Field Of View

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Optical Navigation Sensor for Runway Relative Positioning of Aircraft during Final Approach

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21062203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 2203

Author(s):

Antal Hiba ◽

Attila Gáti ◽

Augustin Manecy

Keyword(s):

Optical Sensors ◽

Inertial Sensor ◽

Image Data ◽

Flight Test ◽

Image Features ◽

Wide Field ◽

Test Results ◽

Wide Field Of View ◽

Final Approach ◽

Marker Detection

Precise navigation is often performed by sensor fusion of different sensors. Among these sensors, optical sensors use image features to obtain the position and attitude of the camera. Runway relative navigation during final approach is a special case where robust and continuous detection of the runway is required. This paper presents a robust threshold marker detection method for monocular cameras and introduces an on-board real-time implementation with flight test results. Results with narrow and wide field-of-view optics are compared. The image processing approach is also evaluated on image data captured by a different on-board system. The pure optical approach of this paper increases sensor redundancy because it does not require input from an inertial sensor as most of the robust runway detectors.

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