Prevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium among women in Pelotas, Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-439
Author(s):  
MF Silveira ◽  
MP Bruni ◽  
D Stauffert ◽  
D Golparian ◽  
M Unemo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

The frequently asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) are poorly diagnosed in Brazil and can lead to severe complications/sequelae without timely detection and treatment. We investigated prevalence of CT, NG, and MG infections and associated demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors in consecutive women attending a gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic in Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Vaginal swab samples were prospectively obtained from asymptomatic and symptomatic women (n = 498) from August 2015 to December 2016 and tested with Aptima Combo2 and Aptima M. genitalium assays (Hologic). The prevalence of CT, NG, and MG was 6.8% (34/498), 1.0% (5/498), and 4.2% (21/498), respectively. Three (0.6%) cases of CT and NG co-infection and one (0.2%) case of CT and MG co-infection were identified. The risk factors associated with these bacterial STIs were youth (<30 years), no steady sexual partner, infection with additional STI, and lack of income. Bacterial STIs, particularly CT and MG, were prevalent among women, including pregnant women (60% of positive cases), in Pelotas, Brazil. Sensitive and specific diagnostic testing and early treatment are essential to control STIs, limit transmission chains, avoid future complications/sequelae, and reduce health and cost burdens on the population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calas ◽  
N. Zemali ◽  
G. Camuset ◽  
J. Jaubert ◽  
R. Manaquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis screening and treatment of pregnant women in Port-au-Prince, Haiti

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1130-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire C Bristow ◽  
Patricia Mathelier ◽  
Oksana Ocheretina ◽  
Daphne Benoit ◽  
Jean W Pape ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Newborn Health ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence

In Haiti, routine screening for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) among pregnant women is not conducted; yet these sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with adverse birth and newborn health outcomes. We aimed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of screening and the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. Pregnant women of at least 18 years of age who attend Haitian Study Group for Kaposi’s sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO) clinics in Port-au-Prince, Haiti provided self-collected vaginal swab specimens. Laboratory testing was done with Xpert® CT/NG and Xpert® TV. The results of this study showed that of the 322 pregnant women who visited GHESKIO for their regular scheduled appointments, 300 (93.2%) consented for CT, NG, and TV testing. Of those, 107 women (35.7%) tested positive for at least one STI. There were 42 (14.7%) cases of CT, 8 (2.8%) NG, and 83 (29.0%) TV infections. Most infections were treated – 122 of 133 (91.7%). In summary, we found that it was highly acceptable and feasible to implement CT, NG, and TV screening among pregnant women in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. We found high prevalence of STIs among pregnant women, which suggest that STI screening in this population may be warranted.

scholarly journals Profile of sexually transmitted infections causing urethritis and a related inflammatory reaction in urine among heterosexual males: A flow-cytometry study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242227
Author(s):  
Stanislav Tjagur ◽  
Reet Mändar ◽  
Margus Punab
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold

Background Information about the use of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of male urethritis is scarce. The current study aims to evaluate the performance of flow cytometry on first-voided urine in males with infectious urethritis (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis). Methods Male patients of the Andrology Centre (Tartu University Hospital, Estonia) were recruited during the period March 2015 –January 2018. Cases included 306 patients with infectious urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and/or Trichomonas vaginalis. The control group consisted of 192 patients without uro-genital complaints, negative tests for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis from first-voided urine and no inflammation in first-voided urine, mid-stream urine and urine after prostate massage. C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis were detected from first-voided urine using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. First-voided urine was analysed using urine particle analyzer Sysmex UF-500i. Results The most prevalent infection was chlamydia (64.1%), followed by Mycoplasma genitalium (20.9%), gonorrhoea (7.8%) and trichomoniasis (1.6%). Gonorrhoea caused the highest flow-cytometric leucocyte/bacteria count, followed by chlamydia and Mycoplasma genitalium. Trichomonas vaginalis showed nearly absent inflammation in first-voided urine. Using an empiric flow-cytometry diagnostic threshold for urethritis in first-voided urine (leucocytes ≥ 15/μl and bacteria ≥ 20/μl) the total calculated sensitivity was over 90%. However, when applying such criteria for deciding whether to perform first-voided urine PCR for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium and T. vaginalis or not, we could miss 23 cases with infectious urethritis that makes up 7,5% of all proven cases. Conclusions Flow cytometry of first-voided urine can be considered as a rapid and objective screening method in case of suspected male infectious urethritis.

scholarly journals Simultaneous identification of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis ‒ multicenter evaluation of the Alinity m STI assay

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Emily Goldstein ◽  
Laura Martinez-García ◽  
Martin Obermeier ◽  
Allison Glass ◽  
Maria Krügel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
International Multicenter Study ◽  
Simultaneous Identification ◽  
International Multicenter

Abstract Objectives Accurate and rapid diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is essential for timely administration of appropriate treatment and reducing the spread of the disease. We examined the performance of the new Alinity m STI assay, a qualitative real-time multiplex PCR test for simultaneous identification of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) run on the fully automated Alinity m platform. Methods This international, multicenter study evaluated the accuracy, reproducibility, and clinical performance of the Alinity m STI assay compared to commonly used STI assays in a large series of patient samples encountered in clinical practice. Results The Alinity m STI assay identified accurately and precisely single and mixed pathogens from an analytical panel of specimens. The Alinity m STI assay demonstrated high overall agreement rates with comparator STI assays (99.6% for CT [n=2,127], 99.2% for NG [n=2,160], 97.1% for MG [n=491], and 99.4% for TV [n=313]). Conclusions The newly developed Alinity m STI assay accurately detects the 4 sexually transmitted target pathogens in various collection devices across clinically relevant specimen types, regardless of single or mixed infection status.

scholarly journals Screening for asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium in medical students in Barcelona

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 134-136
Author(s):  
Josep Riera-Monroig ◽  
Evelin L. Corbeto ◽  
Jordi Bosch ◽  
Irene Fuertes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Urine Specimens

Objectives: No previous studies had been performed on asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Spanish university students. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in this group. Material and Methods: All medical students were invited to participate in the study between September 2017 and June 2019. First-void urine specimens were collected from men and vaginal swabs from women. Results: Four females had positive results. The prevalence of CT and MG in women was 4.0% and 2.4%. All individuals with positive results had stable partners. CT infection was associated with having stable and sporadic sexual partner in the previous year. The frequency of positive results was higher in those women who had sought an app-based sexual partner. Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic STI in medical students was similar (rather than lower) to that in same age individuals in the area. Medical knowledge might not protect from STI acquisition.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women at Risk Undergoing Abortion in a Swiss Primary Care Setting

Praxis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (15) ◽  
pp. 875-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Wesbonk ◽  
Corinne Chmiel ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
André Seidenberg ◽  
Oliver Senn
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Swiss Primary Care

Hintergrund: Schwangerschaftsabbrüche können in der Schweiz auch ambulant in der Hausarztpraxis durchgeführt werden. Daten zur Prävalenz von sexuell übertragbaren Infektionen (STI) bei dieser Patientenpopulation sind nur spärlich vorhanden. Unser Ziel war die Erhebung der Prävalenz und der prädisponierenden Faktoren für sexuell übertragbare Infektion bei Frauen mit erhöhtem Risiko (pathologischer Zervixabstrich), die sich in einer Schweizer Hausarztpraxis einer Abruptio unterzogen. Methode: Querschnittsstudie bei 620 Frauen, die sich in einer Hausarztpraxis in Zürich für eine Abruptio Beratung vorstellten. Im Falle eines pathologischen Zervixabstriches erfolgte zur Abschätzung der STI Prävalenz ein PCR-basierendes Screening bezüglich Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) und Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). Resultate: Bei 585 der 620 Frauen resultierte eine Abruptio. Verfügbar waren 581 (93,7%) Zervixabstriche wovon 272 (46,8%) pathologische Zeichen aufwiesen und demnach als eine Risikokonstellation für STI betrachtet wurden. Unter 192 gescreenten Proben fanden sich 28 STI (14,6%) (95% CI: 10,3–20,3%), vorherrschend waren CT-Infektionen (17 Fälle) gefolgt von MG (9 Fälle) und NG (2 Fälle). Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund waren häufiger von einer STI betroffen (OR 2,63; p=0,037 im Vergleich zu Schweizerinnen). Fazit: Frauen, die sich einer Abruptio in der Praxis unterzogen, zeigten hohe STI-Prävalenz. Patientinnen mit einem Migrationshintergrund scheinen eine vulnerable Untergruppe darzustellen. Bemühungen sind notwendig, damit diese Risikogruppe mit kosteneffizientem Screening und Behandlungskonzepten erreicht werden können.

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