Sexually transmitted infections among HIV serodiscordant partners: A secondary analysis of HIV Prevention Trial Network 052

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110303
Author(s):  
Maganizo B Chagomerana ◽  
Mina C Hosseinipour ◽  
Jose Henrique Pilotto ◽  
Sharlaa Badal-Faesen ◽  
Mulinda Nyirenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Positive Index ◽  
Index Cases ◽  
Hiv Negative

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a public health concern because of their interaction(s) with HIV. In the HPTN 052 study, STIs were evaluated in both HIV-positive index cases and their HIV-negative partners at enrollment and at yearly follow-up visits. Our definition for STI was based on any infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, or Trichomonas vaginalis. We used log-binomial regression models to identify factors associated with prevalent STIs. Generalized estimating equation models with the Poisson distribution were used to compare STI incidence between HIV-positive index cases and HIV-negative partners. 8.1% of the participants had STIs at enrollment. The prevalence of STIs (8.9 vs. 7.2) was higher in HIV-positive index cases than HIV-negative partners. Being female (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.20–2.16) or unmarried (PR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.17–3.14) was associated with prevalent STIs. Compared to HIV-negative male partners, HIV-positive female index cases had a higher risk of STI acquisition (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.70–2.97). While we are implementing HIV prevention interventions for HIV-negative people, we should also intensify targeted STI prevention interventions, especially among HIV-positive women.

scholarly journals 423. Self-Reported Screening for Rectal Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S212-S213
Author(s):  
Timothy William. Menza ◽  
Lauren Lipira ◽  
Amisha Bhattarai ◽  
Joseph Ramirez ◽  
Roberto Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

Abstract Background Rectal gonorrhea and Chlamydia are common and predict HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM); however, screening for rectal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is not routine. Methods In 2017, we recruited sexually-active MSM in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area through venue-based sampling. Our outcome of interest was self-reported rectal STI screening in the prior 12 months. Stratified by HIV status, we assessed the prevalence and demographic, healthcare, clinical, and behavioral predictors of screening. Results Of 448 participants, 168 (37.5%) reported rectal STI screening. One hundred twenty-seven (35.8%) of 355 HIV-negative men, 41 (58.6%) of 70 HIV-positive men, and none of 23 men who did not know their HIV status reported screening. Among HIV-negative men, having a healthcare provider who offered HIV testing (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43, 3.04), a syphilis diagnosis (aPR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.69), use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (aPR=1.57; 95% CI 1.21, 2.04), and condomless anal sex with casual partners in the prior 12 months (aPR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.36, 2.22) independently predicted screening for rectal STI in multivariable analysis. HIV-positive men who reported having a provider who always or often initiates conversations about sex were significantly more likely to report screening compared with men who did not have such a provider (aPR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.06). Conclusion Rectal STI screening is not universal in a venue-based sample of sexually-active MSM. Implementing innovative, acceptable, and accessible screening practices and improving provider comfort with talking about sex are paramount to increasing rectal STI screening. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Trichomonas vaginalis AND HIV INFECTION: RELATION AND PREVALENCE AMONG WOMEN IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Mirian Pinheiro Bruni ◽  
Carolina Caetano dos Santos ◽  
Dulce Stauffert ◽  
Nilton Da Cunha Filho ◽  
Guilherme De Oliveira Bicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Negative

Trichomoniasis is a curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) that has been reported to be linked to exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), although few studies have described this association. The purpose of this study was to focus on the incidence of trichomoniasis in low-income women, its relation to HIV status, viral load levels and TCD4+ cell counts, among other risk factors, using an in vitro culture as a diagnostic test. A crosssectional study among 267 women (103 HIV-positive and 164 HIV-negative) was conducted in 2015. The overall prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection was 6.4%. Among HIVpositive and HIV-negative women, the prevalence was 3.9% and 7.9%, respectively, yet these results were not statistically different (p=0.1878). The factors associated with TV infection were cigarette smoking (OR= 3.52), vaginal itching (OR=4.43) and bacterial vaginosis (BV) (OR= 5.29). HIV status, TCD4+ cell count and viral load were not associated with TV infection in this group. The prevalence rates found, lower than those observed in other studies, may be due to the fact that the women evaluated in the present study are part of a low-risk populationas well as the limited sample size of HIV positive women.

scholarly journals Female sex workers in Kigali, Rwanda: a key population at risk of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and unplanned pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosine Ingabire ◽  
Rachel Parker ◽  
Julien Nyombayire ◽  
Jasmine E Ko ◽  
Jeannine Mukamuyango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Negative

Female sex workers (FSWs) were recruited from known hotspots in Kigali, Rwanda, and offered free, anonymous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counseling and testing, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). From September 2012 to March 2015, 1168 FSWs sought services, including 587 (50%) who were HIV-positive. More than 90% had previously tested for HIV, and 26% who reported previously testing negative had seroconverted. Of the 349 who already knew their HIV-positive status, 74% were on antiretroviral treatment. The prevalence of serologic syphilis was 43% in HIV-positive and 19% in HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001), and Trichomonas vaginalis was found in vaginal wet mounts in 21% of HIV-positive and 13% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Signs and symptoms of STIs were found in 35% of HIV-positive compared with 21% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Only one-third reported consistent condom use in the last month. Modern contraceptive use was reported by 43% of HIV-positive and 56% of HIV-negative FSWs (p < 0.0001). Current pregnancy was reported by 4% of HIV-positive and 6% of HIV-negative FSWs (p = 0.0409). Despite Rwanda’s successes with preventing 70% of new infections in the general population through nationwide couples’ testing in antenatal clinics, prevention and timely treatment in key populations including FSWs are lacking. The prevalence of HIV – including many new cases – and STIs among FSWs in Kigali is high and condom and contraceptive use are low. Tailored and integrated HIV/STIs and family planning programs are urgently needed for FSWs.

scholarly journals The Frequency Detection of Opportunistic Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV-Infected Women Planning Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Elena Belyaeva ◽  
Eleva Genich ◽  
Olga Leshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Frequency Detection ◽  
Ureaplasma Spp

The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of detection of opportunistic sexually transmitted infections (Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma spp, Human papillomavirus) in HIV-infected women planning pregnancy. Methods and Results: We examined 31 HIV-positive Caucasian women. They sought pregnancy planning advice at the Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems in Irkutsk during 2014-2015. The average age of the women was 30.9±4.5 years (20-39 years). A clinical diagnosis of HIV was made at Irkutsk Regional AIDS Center. All HIV-infected women were tested for the presence of DNA of pathogens of bacterial and viral sexually transmitted infections in the epithelium of the cervical canal. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 1(3.2%) participant, Trichomonas vaginalis in 1(3.2%), Ureaplasma spp. in 14(45.2%), and HPV in 22(71%). Co-infection of HPV and Ureaplasma spp. was observed in 35.5% of HIV-positive women. Conclusion: the prevention and detection of sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected individuals remain a public health priority and an integral component of HIV primary care.

scholarly journals Women in community corrections in New York City: HIV infection and risks

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila El-Bassel ◽  
Phillip L Marotta ◽  
Stacey A Shaw ◽  
Mingway Chang ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
York City ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
Hiv Negative

Although the incidence of HIV among women on probation, parole and alternatives to incarceration programs is significant to public health, drivers of this concentrated epidemic among women under community corrections remain understudied. This study examined prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections and the associations between substance use, socio-demographic factors and the prevalence of biologically-confirmed HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among a sample of 337 substance-using women recruited from community correction sites in New York City. Prevalence of HIV was 13% and sexually transmitted infections was 26% ( Chlamydia, trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea). After adjusting for covariates, HIV-positive women were 1.42 times more likely to use crack/cocaine than HIV-negative women (95% CI = 1.05–1.92). HIV-positive women were 25% less likely than HIV-negative women to report any unprotected vaginal and anal sex with their main partner (95% CI = 0.57–0.99). They were 70% less likely than HIV-negative women to report unprotected vaginal sex with a non-paying casual partner (95% CI = 0.1–0.9) and 22% less likely to report unprotected vaginal sex across all partners (95% CI = 0.61–0.99). Community corrections settings may be optimal venues to launch HIV/sexually transmitted infections prevention that have potential to reach and engage an ever-growing number of substance-using women.

Incidence of Cytological Abnormalities in Pap's Smear in HIV Positive Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. e000136
Author(s):  
Suhana Jotva ◽  
Hemani Desai ◽  
Hansa Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Cytological Abnormalities ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hiv Negative

Aims and Objectives: The aim of present study is to estimate the frequency of abnormal PAP’s smears and mainly to detect precancerous and cancerous lesions as well as inflammatory lesions in HIV infected women. Methodology: Our study was a retrospective study of total 130 cases and PAP’s smears were examined in cytology section in Department of Pathology, BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad from 1st March 2017 to 31st August 2017. Both HIV positive and HIV negative patients were included in the study. 80 patients were HIV negative and 50 patients were HIV positive. The clinical history and relevant parameters were noted. All the smears were processed by a conventional method using Papanicolaou stain.  Results: Out of 130 cases, 118 cases were reported negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM). Five cases were positive for squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) out of which four were HIV positive. Seven cases were of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) out of which 5 were HIV positive. Three cases were showing bacterial vaginosis. 1 case was showing Trichomonas Vaginalis. 19 cases were showing changes of non-specific inflammation. 6 cases were showing atrophic changes.  Conclusion: HIV infected women are at more risk to develop cervical cytological abnormalities. The study revealed a maximum number of non-specific inflammatory smears followed by smears showing atrophic changes. Smears suspicious for malignancy (ASCUS) and smears showing squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) were more common in HIV positive patients. Thus regular PAP’s smears screening as recommended by National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) will help in early detection of cervical abnormalities in HIV positive women. 

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