Reduction in Needle Sharing among Community Wide Samples of Injecting Drug Users

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Frischer ◽  
M Bloor ◽  
S Green ◽  
D Goldberg ◽  
R Covell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Sharing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The City

Evidence of reduced levels of needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDUs) has largely been confined to IDUs attending needle exchanges or receiving treatment. In this paper we present the results of a serial cross-sectional study of needle sharing conducted in Glasgow using a multisite sampling strategy. Of the estimated 9400 IDUs in the city, 503 were interviewed in 1990 and 535 in 1991. The proportion of IDUs reporting injecting with, or passing on used needles and syringes in the last 6 months fell significantly as did the number of individuals from whom equipment was received or passed on to. The impact of this level of sharing has been limited in terms of HIV transmission; the prevalence of HIV among the 1990 sample was 2.0% and 1.1% for the 1991 sample. However, the fact that a third of IDUs in Glasgow continue to inject, even occasionally, with used equipment gives cause for concern in view of the other pathologies known to be associated with poor injecting hygiene.

Tideline and Turn: Possible Reasons for the Continuing Low HIV Prevalence among Glasgow's Injecting Drug Users

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bloor ◽  
Martin Frischer ◽  
Avril Taylor ◽  
Robert Covell ◽  
David Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Early Report ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Injectors ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Low Prevalence

This is an early report of data from an on-going, repeated, cross-sectional study of a community sample of Glasgow injecting drug users. Although HIV was first detected among Glasgow's drug injectors in 1985, data from the first two years of our annual samples (1990 and 1991) indicate that HIV prevalence continues to be low in this population, in the order of 1 or 2 per cent. Possible reasons for this apparent continuing low prevalence are examined. It is suggested that substantial risk reduction – reductions in injection equipment-sharing, reductions in numbers of sharing partners and restrictions in social circles of sharing partners – may have been sufficient reasons, in conjunction with limited contributions to near-stabilisation from the disproportionate attrition of the numerator population through death and cessation of injecting.

HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Rezza ◽  
Stefania Salmaso ◽  
Damiano Abeni ◽  
Giovanna Brancato ◽  
Alessandra Anemona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

scholarly journals What are the factors associated with HIV testing among male injecting and non-injecting drug users in Lashio, Myanmar: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e002747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Mon Saw ◽  
Junko Yasuoka ◽  
Thu Nandar Saw ◽  
Krishna C Poudel ◽  
Soe Tun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Awareness of Diagnosis and Decision-Making Preferences of Greek Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Despoina G Alamanou ◽  
Konstantinos Giakoumidakis ◽  
Dimosthenis G Theodosiadis ◽  
Nikolaos V Fotos ◽  
Elissavet Patiraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Encounter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Objective: In Greece, the old phenomenon of hiding cancer diagnosis and depriving cancer patients of their right to participate in decisionmaking remains a reality. The aim of this study was to assess the decision-making preferences of Greek cancer patients and their awareness of diagnosis. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 229 adult Greek patients diagnosed with cancer, attending the oncology outpatient department (outpatients) or being hospitalized (inpatients), in one general hospital in Athens. Patients who were aware of cancer diagnosis (n=209) were administered at the Control Preference Scale (CPS), a tool, designed to elicit decision-making preferences. The IBM SPSS program, version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: One hundred and one patients (52.8%) were males. The mean [±standard deviation (SD)] age was 64.8 (±11.2) years. The vast majority of patients knew they suffered from cancer (n=209, 91.3%). Older patients (p=0.003), those who lived in suburbs of the city (p=0.01), those who had lower educational level (p=0.001), those with lower personal income (p=0.001) and shorter disease duration (p=0.001) stated that were unaware of cancer diagnosis. Seventy five (36.2%) patients chose the shared-decision role in decision-making procedures. Lower age (OR 1.04, 95%, CI: 1.00-1.08, p= 0.05) and higher education level (OR 2, 63, 95%, CI: 1.11-6.29, p=0.03) were significantly associated with the preference of patients to actively participate in decision-making regarding treatment. Conclusions: Although Greek cancer patients are aware of cancer diagnosis and treatment, nowadays, they still seem to hesitate in playing a more active role in the decision-making procedures, which portrays the impact of the dominating paternalistic model of doctor-patient relationship in the Greek medical encounter

scholarly journals Correlates of sex trading among male non-injecting drug users in Myanmar: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Mon Saw ◽  
Thu Nandar Saw ◽  
Kyi Mar Wai ◽  
Krishna C. Poudel ◽  
Hla Hla Win
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex Trading

scholarly journals Injecting Drug Users and Their Health Seeking Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Tuhin Biswas ◽  
Faiz Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Md. Serajul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Seeking Behavior ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction and Aim.Injecting drug users (IDUs) are amongst the most vulnerable people to acquisition of HIV/AIDS. This study aims to collect information on IDUs and their health seeking behavior in Bangladesh.Design and Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 IDUs attending a drug rehabilitation center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected on sociodemographics, drug use, health seeking behavior, knowledge of injecting drugs, and sexual behavior.Results.The mean ± SD and median (IQR) age of the participants were32.5±21.3and 33 (27–38) years, respectively, with only 9.2% females. Injection buprenorphine was the drug of choice for 40% of participants, and 58% of the participants first started drug use with smoking cannabis. 73.3% of participants shared needles sometimes and 57.5% were willing to use the needle exchange programs. 60% of the participants had no knowledge about the diseases spread by injection. Condom use during the last intercourse with regular partners was 11.7% and with any partners 15.8%.Conclusion.IDUs in Bangladesh are a high-risk group for HIV/AIDS due to lack of knowledge and risky behaviors. Education and interventions specifically aimed at IDUs are needed, because traditional education may not reach IDUs or influence their behavior.

scholarly journals Stigmatization and discrimination of patients with chronic hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kostic ◽  
Biljana Kocic ◽  
Branislav Tiodorovic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The City

Background/Aim. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is often associated with injectable drug users and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection for which there is stigmatization in society. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of stigma and discrimination of patients with CHC, as well as the influence of sociodemographic factors on the occurrence of stigmatization. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed. Patients with CHC and conducted antiviral therapy completed an anonymous structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions and Hepatitis C stigma scale. Results. Out of 154 patients 61.7% were male and 72.1% from the city; 59.7% have completed secondary school; 61.7% were employed before the disease while 31.8% after the disease; 45.5% were unsatisfactory with financial situation; 54.5% were married; 37.7% lived with a spouse and children; 86.4% in their own house/apartment; 5.2% of the patients were abandoned by their partners, while 35.7% consumed drugs. A statistical significance of the stigma score was found in those who lived in the city (p = 0.018), unmarried (p = 0.005), abandoned by the partners after the diagnosis of CHC (p < 0.001), drug users (p = 0.002) and those living with parents (p = 0.034). Univariate regression analysis singled out as significant: residence (p = 0.018), living with their parents (p = 0.046), abandonment by a partner (p < 0.001) and drug use (p = 0.002). A multivariate regression model of independent variables singled out abandonment by partners (Beta = 5.158, p = 0.007). Men disagree significantly with the two elements inside stigma [not the same as the others (p = 0.035)] and hurt by the reaction of others (p = 0.047)). Conclusion. The presence of stigma in patients with CHC was proven. The results indicate the need to strengthen anti-stigma programs that will reduce their psychological and social problems and reduce stigmatization in society.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document