scholarly journals Offshore conversion of wind power to gaseous fuels: Feasibility study in a depleted gas field

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236
Author(s):  
PD O'Kelly-Lynch ◽  
PD Gallagher ◽  
AGL Borthwick ◽  
EJ McKeogh ◽  
PG Leahy
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Gas System ◽  
Power To Gas

A proof-of-concept study is presented of a Power-to-Gas system that is located fully offshore. This paper analyses how such a system would perform if based at the depleted Kinsale Gas Field in the Celtic Sea Basin off the south coast of Ireland. An offshore wind farm is proposed as the power source for the system. Several conversion technologies are examined in detail in terms of resource efficiency, technological maturity, and platform area footprint, the aim being to ascertain their overall applicability to an offshore Power-to-Gas system. The technologies include proton exchange membrane electrolysers for electrolysis of water to release H2. Bipolar membrane electro-dialysis and electronic cation exchange module processes are also considered for the extraction of CO2 from seawater. These technologies provide the feedstock for the Sabatier process for the production of CH4 from H2 and CO2. Simulations of the end-to-end systems were carried out using Simulink, and it was found that the conversion of offshore wind power to hydrogen or methane is a technically feasible option. Hydrogen production is much closer to market viability than methane production, but production costs are too high and conversion efficiencies too low in both cases with present-day technology to be competitive with current wholesale natural gas prices.

scholarly journals Miniaturization of an Offshore Platform with Medium-Frequency Offshore Wind Farm and MMC-HVDC Technology

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2058
Author(s):  
Zheren Zhang ◽  
Yingjie Tang ◽  
Zheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Platform ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Operating Frequency ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Medium Frequency ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
System Frequency

Offshore wind power has great development potential, for which the key factors are reliable and economical wind farms and integration systems. This paper proposes a medium-frequency wind farm and MMC-HVDC integration system. In the proposed scheme, the operating frequency of the offshore wind farm and its power collection system is increased from the conventional 50/60 Hz rate to the medium-frequency range, i.e., 100–400 Hz; the offshore wind power is transmitted to the onshore grid via the modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct current transmission (MMC-HVDC). First, this paper explains the principles of the proposed scheme in terms of the system topology and control strategy aspects. Then, the impacts of increasing the offshore system operating frequency on the main parameters of the offshore station are discussed. As the frequency increases, it is shown that the actual value of the electrical equipment, such as the transformers, the arm inductors, and the SM capacitors of the rectifier MMC, can be reduced, which means smaller platforms are required for the step-up transformer station and the converter station. Then, the system operation characteristics are analyzed, with the results showing that the power losses in the system increase slightly with the increase of the offshore AC system frequency. Based on time domain simulation results from power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC), it is noted that the dynamic behavior of the system is not significantly affected with the increase of the offshore AC system frequency in most scenarios. In this way, the technical feasibility of the proposed offshore platform miniaturization technology is proven.

scholarly journals A Diode-MMC AC/DC Hub for Connecting Offshore Wind Farm and Offshore Production Platform

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Kai Huang ◽  
Lie Xu ◽  
Guangchen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
System Control ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Offshore Production ◽  
Production Platform ◽  
In Series ◽  
Dc Voltage Control

A diode rectifier-modular multilevel converter AC/DC hub (DR-MMC Hub) is proposed to integrate offshore wind power to the onshore DC network and offshore production platforms (e.g., oil/gas and hydrogen production plants) with different DC voltage levels. The DR and MMCs are connected in parallel at the offshore AC collection network to integrate offshore wind power, and in series at the DC terminals of the offshore production platform and the onshore DC network. Compared with conventional parallel-connected DR-MMC HVDC systems, the proposed DR-MMC hub reduces the required MMC converter rating, leading to lower investment cost and power loss. System control of the DR-MMC AC/DC hub is designed based on the operation requirements of the offshore production platform, considering different control modes (power control or DC voltage control). System behaviors and requirements during AC and DC faults are investigated, and hybrid MMCs with half-bridge and full-bridge sub-modules (HBSMs and FBSMs) are used for safe operation during DC faults. Simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC validate the operation of the DR-MMC hub.

Research of Offshore Wind Power Generation Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 634-639
Author(s):  
Yi Ni Guo ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Ye Huang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Development Direction ◽  
Power Base ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Train Of Thought ◽  
Generation Technology

Offshore wind farm development direction is from shallow sea to sea . In this paper, according to the current on the wind power base also can not meet the requirements of the problem deep, analysed the base cost will not be particularly high reason. In view of the Hainan offshore wind power, put forward the design train of thought, the analysis obtained an ideal design model.

Evaluation of an Offshore Floating Wind Power Project on the Galician Coast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Díaz ◽  
José Miguel Rodrigues ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Offshore Technology ◽  
Galician Coast ◽  
In Series ◽  
Floating Platforms ◽  
Power Project

This paper aims to make a contribution to assessing the viability of offshore wind power projects on the Galician coast. Several of the factors involved in these projects are studied, such as site selection and employed technologies regarding turbine and floating foundations. Estimated costs ‘ analysis and financial evaluation are performed for a chosen solution. Based on the conducted study, an offshore wind farm in Galicia may become valid in a prospect of an electricity tariff to the producer in line with other European countries. Furthermore, an expected decrease of costs of floating platforms once produced in series and of offshore technology as a whole, in addition to incentives, would make the investment much more attractive.

scholarly journals Towards the North Sea wind power revolution

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens N. Sørensen ◽  
Gunner C. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. The present work assesses the potential of a massive exploitation of offshore wind power in the North Sea by combining a meteorological model with a cost model that includes a bathymetric analysis of the water depth of the North Sea. The overall objective is to assess if the wind power in the North Sea can deliver the total consumption of electricity in Europe and to what prize as compared to conventional onshore wind energy. The meteorological model is based on the assumption that the exploited area is so large, that the wind field between the turbines is in equilibrium with the atmospheric boundary layer. This makes it possible to use momentum analysis to determine the mutual influence between the atmospheric boundary layer and the wind farm, with the wind farm represented by an average horizontal force component corresponding to the thrust. The cost model includes expressions for the most essential wind farm cost elements, such as costs of wind turbines, support structures, cables and electrical substations, as well as operation and maintenance as function of rotor size, interspatial distance between the turbines, and water depth. The numbers used in the cost model are based on previous experience from offshore wind farms, and is therefore somewhat conservative. The analysis shows that the lowest energy cost is obtained for a configuration of large wind turbines erected with an interspatial distance of about eight rotor diameters. A part of the analysis is devoted to assessing the relative costs of the various elements of the cost model in order to determine the components with the largest potential for reducing the cost price. As an overall finding, it is shown that the power demand of Europe, which is 0.4 TW or about 3500 TWh/year, can be fulfilled by exploiting an area of 190.000 km2, corresponding to about 1/3 of the North Sea, with 100.000 wind turbines of generator size 13 MW on water depths up to 45 m at a cost price of about 7.5 €cents/kWh.

Structural Control Issues in New Generation Offshore Wind Energy Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Su Luo
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
New Generation

A new constructive solution for the offshore wind power generation is to use floating wind turbines. An offshore wind farm situated sufficiently far away from the coast can generate more wind power and will have a longer operation life since the wind is stronger and more consistent than that on or near the coast. One of the main challenges is to reduce the fatigue of a floating wind turbine so as to guarantee its proper functioning under the constraints imposed by the floating support platforms. This paper will discuss the structural control issues related to the mitigation of dynamic wind and wave loads on the floating wind turbines so as to enhance the offshore wind power generation.

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