Biogas – A Promising Energy Supplement for Nigerian Economic Growth and Environment Protection

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobboi Umar
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Domestic Fuel

The problem of energy crisis continues to reverberate in many of the developing countries. In Nigeria, the majority of families living in villages and small towns depend on wood as their domestic fuel. This is because other conventional fuels such as kerosene, electricity and LPG are costly, unreliable or unavailable. Because of the serious environmental effects fuelwood harvesting poses, other cheaper, environment-friendly renewable energy sources such as biogas should be sought. This short review paper explores the potentials for and feasibility of biogas production in Nigeria where the technology is not yet adopted, and recommends how to make it viable in the country.

scholarly journals Regional Diversification of Potential, Production and Efficiency of Use of Biogas and Biomass in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ślusarz ◽  
Barbara Gołębiewska ◽  
Marek Cierpiał-Wolan ◽  
Jarosław Gołębiewski ◽  
Dariusz Twaróg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Efficiency Frontier ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Solid Biomass ◽  
High Share

Energy obtained from renewable sources is an important element of the sustainable development strategy of the European Union and its member states. The aim of this research is, therefore, to assess the potential and use of renewable energy sources and their effectiveness from the regional perspective in Poland. The research covered the years 2012 and 2018. The diversification of production and potential of renewable energy sources was defined on the basis of biogas and biomass. Calculations made using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method showed that, in 2012, only three voivodeships achieved the highest efficiency in terms of the use of biogas and biomass resources; in 2018, this number increased to four. Comparing the effective units in 2012 and 2018, it can be seen that their efficiency frontier moved upwards by 56% in terms of biogas and 21% in terms of to biomass. Despite a large relative increase in the production of heat from biogas by 99% compared to the production of heat from biomass by 38%, the efficiency frontier for biogas did not change considerably. It was found that the resources of solid biomass are used far more intensively than the resources of biogas. However, in the case of biogas, a significant increase in the utilization of the production potential was observed: from 3.3% in 2012 to 6.4% in 2018, whereas in the same years, the utilization of solid biomass production potential remained at the same level (15.3% in 2012, 15.4% in 2018). It was also observed that, at the level of voivodeships, the utilization of biogas and biomass production potential is negatively correlated with the size of this potential. The combined potential of solid biomass and biogas can cover the demand of each of the studied regions in Poland in terms of thermal energy. The coverage ranges from 104% to 1402%. The results show that when comparing biomass and biogas, the production of both electricity and heat was dominated by solid biomass. Its high share occurred especially in voivodeships characterized by a high share of forest area and a low potential for biogas production (Lubuskie Voivodeship, Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship).

scholarly journals Pretreatments of lignocellulosic feedstock for bioethanol production

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatica Predojevic
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstock ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

The use of renewable energy sources (biofuels), either as a component in the conventional fossil fuels, gasoline and diesel, or as a pure biofuel, contributes to energy saving and decrease of total CO2 emission. The use of bioethanol mixed with gasoline significantly decreases gasoline consumption and contributes to environment protection. One of the problems in the production of bioethanol is the availability of sugar and starch based feedstock used for its production. However, lignocellulosic feedstocks are becoming more significant in the production of bioethanol due to their availability and low cost. The aim of this study is to point out the advantages and shortcomings of pretreatment processes and hydrolyses of lignocellulosic feedstocks that precede their fermentation to bioethanol.

Selection of Renewable Energy Sources for Buildings

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-97
Author(s):  
Hanna Irena Jędrzejuk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Standard Application ◽  
Technical Systems

This chapter describes a general issue of selecting renewable energy sources (RES) and technical systems. To achieve the nearly zero-energy building (nZEB) standard, application of an RES (e.g., solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, and biomass energy) is necessary. Each type of RES has specific characteristics and can be used to produce electricity and/or heat in certain systems. A short review of various systems using renewable energy sources is presented. To find the required and satisfactory solution that guaranties meeting the nZEB standard, an analysis must be carried out considering a number of aspects: local availability, structure and time-dependence of energy demand, building construction, economic conditions, legal regulations, and specific requirements. Finally, two examples of modernisation towards the nZEB standard are included.

Microwave Thermal Conversion of Oil Palm and Related Biomass for Biofuels and Biochars

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Farid Nasir Ani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The World ◽  
Value Added Products

Energy crisis and continuously fluctuating cost of petroleum have move attention of researchers toward renewable and sustainable energy sources and materials. Biomass or bioresources is one of the abundant and cheap renewable energy sources and materials that is environment friendly in Malaysia and other tropical countries in the world. It has been identified as one of the main sources of the sustainable energy in the fifth fuel strategy in Malaysia. This paper describes several possible routes to provide energy as well as potential value-added products from bioresources. The future trend in thermo-conversion processing of the biomass is the utilization of microwave energy into renewable bio-fuels, materials and chemicals. The potential of uses of bio-oils and bio-chars from oil palm solid wastes for biofuels, materials and chemicals are given. The applications of these renewable sources to produce biofuels, materials and chemicals have been applied in some countries around the world. The implementation of the biomass technology will be best utilized and feasible when the technology is developed locally, fabricated and commission with the utilization of locally produced biomass. With the research and development efforts developed locally towards local expertise will help to produce indigenous technologies, thus reducing the high cost of import technology.

scholarly journals Effects of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act and environmental, social and economic factors on biogas plant adoption and agricultural land use change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Yang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Daniela Thrän ◽  
Alberto Bezama ◽  
Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Silage Maize ◽  
Biogas Plants

Abstract Background: The German energy transition strategy calls for a reform of the German energy sector. As a result, the Germany Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) was passed in 2000 and is widely regarded as successful legislation for promoting bioenergy development. More than 1,000 biogas plants were constructed in Central Germany (CG) between 2000 and 2014. Despite this, few studies have been conducted for this period that systematically investigate how environmental, social and economic factors, as well as various EEG amendments have impacted biogas production and what the environmental consequence of biogas production development in CG have been. Methods: The impacts of environmental, social and economic factors and different EEG amendments on biogas production decisions in CG were quantified using multivariate linear regression model and the event study econometric technique. A GIS-based spatial analysis was also conducted to provide insight into the changes to agricultural land use that resulted from the development of biogas plants during the EEG period. Results: The main finding was that the income diversification effect resulting from biogas production was the most important factor in a farmer’s decision to adopt biogas production. In addition, all of the EEG amendments had a significant influence on the adoption of biogas production, however EEG III and IV, which tried to promote small-scale plants, were unable to reduce the average size of the plants constructed in these two amendment periods. From a landscape perspective, there was a striking increase in the cultivation of silage maize in CG from 2000 to 2014. Silage maize was intensively cultivated in regions with a high installed biogas plant capacity. Since the first EEG amendment, permanent grassland area slightly increased while arable land area declined in CG. Conclusions: The adoption of biogas production in CG was strongly driven by economic incentives for the farmers, more precisely, by the incentive to diversify their income sources. In addition to increase the subsidy, future EEG amendments should find new measures to encourage the adoption of small-scale biogas plants, which had been unsuccessful in EEG amendments III and IV.

Graphene aerogels for efficient energy storage and conversion

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajun Mao ◽  
James Iocozzia ◽  
Jianying Huang ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
Yuekun Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Graphene Aerogels

Concerns over air quality reduction and energy crisis resulting from rapid consumption of limited fossil fuels have driven the development of clean and renewable energy sources.

scholarly journals Mitigating the current energy crisis in Nepal with renewable energy sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 109388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramhari Poudyal ◽  
Pavel Loskot ◽  
Rabindra Nepal ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli ◽  
Shree Krishna Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Current Energy

Comparative Analysis of Inverter Topology for Highly Efficient Single-Phase Photovoltaic Generation System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1070-1072 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Shan Shan Shi ◽  
Yong Biao Yang ◽  
Jin Song Liu ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Photovoltaic Generation ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Pv Inverter ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Inverter Topology

The distributed renewable energy sources as wind, photovoltaic, fuel cell, wave are getting more and more attention and research due to the continuous deterioration of environment and constant stress of energy crisis. In this paper, several widely used topologies in transformerless PV inverter are introduced at the beginning. Then, the pros and cons of various topologies are discussed and evaluated in detail with respect to leakage current, efficiency and cost. The final conclusions derived can be regarded as references for design of highly efficient single-phase photovoltaic generation system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document