Analysis of UK Sera for Aflatoxin by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Wilkinson ◽  
D.W. Denning ◽  
M.R.A. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Imported Food ◽  
The Uk

1 Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic secondary fungal metabolites produced by certain moulds that commonly infest foods. Measurement of aflatoxins in human serum would give a direct measurement of exposure. 2 Twenty-seven serum samples from UK blood donors were found to contain aflatoxin levels not greater than 64 pmol/1 (20 pg/ml) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 3 These findings may indicate that present UK guideline tolerances for aflatoxin in imported food are effective in limiting human exposure to toxic aflatoxins in the UK diet, though further work would be needed to confirm this. In particular, sub-populations suspected of being at higher risk may need special considerations.

scholarly journals Development of the ELISA Test System for Quantitative Determination of IgG to the Varizella zoster virus in Human Serum and Assessment of its Diagnostic Efficiency

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
L. N. Lukhverchyk ◽  
G. L. Alatortseva ◽  
L. N. Nesterenko ◽  
V. Y. Kabargina ◽  
V. V. Dotsenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test System ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Population Immunity

Relevance. The introduction of Varicella vaccine prophylaxis explains the need to develop a methodology for monitoring the vaccination effectiveness and the intensity of population immunity. This problem can be solved using quantitative immunoassay methods. Aim. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the concentration of class G immunoglobulins (AB) to Varicella zoster virus (VZV) determining and assessing its functional characteristics and diagnostic efficiency. Materials and methods. Recombinant antigen GE VZV. WHO International Standard for Antibodies to VZV W1044. Blood serum samples from healthy people and patients with Chickenpox and Herpes zoster, blood serum samples containing IgG antibodies to herpes simplex viruses of the first and second types, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus. Anti-VZV ELISA (IgG) reagent kit (Euroimmun, Germany). Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunization of animals with recombinant antigen GE, isolation, and purification of specific antibodies. Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies to human IgG with antibodies to antigen GE and with horseradish peroxidase. Results. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in «an indirect» format has been developed to determine the specific antibodies to VZV concentration (IU/ml) in human serum/plasma. An artificial calibrator for determining the concentration of AB-VZV had been synthesized and standardized according to the International WHO-standard W1044. The main functional characteristics of the developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are determined in accordance with GOST 51352-2013. The diagnostic kit was tested on blood serum samples from children with chickenpox (n = 43), adults with Herpes zoster (n = 158), healthy individuals (n = 781). The diagnostic sensitivity of the test system was 85%, the diagnostic specificity was 87% according to the ROC analysis. The absence of cross-reactivity of the test system was shown on samples with serological markers of other herpesvirus infections (n = 94). Comparative trials of the developed test system and its commercial analog, the Anti-VZV ELISA (IgG) reagent kit, did not reveal statistically significant differences between their functional characteristics. Conclusions. The developed test system for determining of the AB-VZV concentration in human serum/plasma in terms of its functional characteristics meets the GOST requirements, is characterized by high diagnostic efficiency, can be used to monitor the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis and strength of population immunity, as well as to assess the immune response in chickenpox and Herpes zoster.

scholarly journals Cysticercus antibodies and antigens in serum from blood donors from Pondicherry, India

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra Parija ◽  
N. Balamurungan ◽  
Priyadarshi Soumyaranjan Sahu ◽  
S.P. Subbaiah
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the present study was to screen the serum of blood donors, which are apparently healthy and residing in Pondicherry or its neighboring districts of Tamil Nadu State, for specific detection of Cysticercus antigens and antibodies. A total of 216 blood samples were collected from blood donors at the Central Blood Bank, JIPMER Hospital, Pondicherry, India during January and February 2004. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to demonstrate anti-Cysticercus antibodies and the Co-agglutination (CoA) was used to detect antigen in sera. 14 (6.48 %) males were positive for either anti-Cysticercus antibodies or antigens. Of these eight sera were positive for anti-Cysticercus antibodies and six were positive for antigens. Results of the present study show that serum Cysticercus antigen detection may be a useful adjunct to antibody testing for seroprevalence studies of cysticercosis in the community. The present study is the first kind of study, carried out to determine both cysticercal antibodies as well as antigens in the serum samples collected from the healthy blood donors.

scholarly journals Inactivation ofZaire ebolavirusVariant Makona in Human Serum Samples Analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. S218-S221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Cutts ◽  
Allen Grolla ◽  
Shane Jones ◽  
Bradley W. M. Cook ◽  
Xiangguo Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Serum Samples

scholarly journals Detection of tetanus toxoid antibodies in human sera in New Zealand by ELISA

1987 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. H. Lau
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Sera

SUMMARYAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) incorporating the sensitive biotin-streptavidin system was developed to detect IgG antibodies to tetanus toxoid in human serum. Serum samples obtained from 557 normal persons aged 1–65 years from different areas in New Zealand were tested. The proportion of those immune ranged from 60–93% in males, and from 46–86% in females. In the 1–9 years age group 85% were immune. The indirect ELISA is suitable for serological surveys as it is simple to perform, economical and reproducible.

scholarly journals Serodiagnosis of Human Cutaneous Anthrax in India Using an Indirect Anti-Lethal Factor IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ghosh ◽  
I. Tomar ◽  
H. Lukka ◽  
A. K. Goel
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Lethal Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Serum Samples ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax ◽  
Predictive Rate

ABSTRACTAnthrax, caused byBacillus anthracis, is primarily a zoonotic disease. Being a public health problem also in several developing countries, its early diagnosis is very important in human cases. In this study, we describe the use of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of anti-lethal factor (anti-LF) IgG in human serum samples. A panel of 203 human serum samples consisting of 50 samples from patients with confirmed cutaneous anthrax, 93 samples from healthy controls from areas of India where anthrax is nonendemic, 44 samples from controls from an area of India where anthrax is endemic, and 16 patients with a disease confirmed not to be anthrax were evaluated with an anti-LF ELISA. The combined mean anti-LF ELISA titer for the three control groups was 0.136 ELISA unit (EU), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.120 to 0.151 EU. The observed sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA were 100% (95% CI, 92.89 to 100%) and 97.39% (95% CI, 93.44 to 99.28%), respectively, at a cutoff value of 0.375 EU, as decided by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The likelihood ratio was found to be 49.98. The positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), efficiency, and Youden's index (J) for reliability of the assay were 92.5%, 100%, 98.02%, and 0.97, respectively. The false-positive predictive rate and false-negative predictive rate of the assay were 2.61% and 0%. The assay could be a very useful tool for early diagnosis of cutaneous anthrax cases, as antibodies against LF appear much earlier than those against other anthrax toxins in human serum samples.

scholarly journals C-Terminal Invariable Domain of VlsE Is Immunodominant but Its Antigenicity Is Scarcely Conserved among Strains of Lyme Disease Spirochetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 3224-3231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Ting Liang ◽  
Lisa C. Bowers ◽  
Mario T. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Variable Surface ◽  
Entire Sequence ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal

ABSTRACT VlsE, the variable surface antigen of Borrelia burgdorferi, contains two invariable domains located at the amino and carboxyl terminal ends, respectively, and a central variable domain. In this study, both immunogenicity and antigenic conservation of the C-terminal invariable domain were assessed. Mouse antiserum to a 51-mer synthetic peptide (Ct) which reproduced the entire sequence of the C-terminal invariable domain of VlsE from B. burgdorferi strain B31 was reacted on immunoblots with whole-cell lysates extracted from spirochetes of 12 strains from the B. burgdorferi sensu lato species complex. The antiserum recognized only VlsE from strain B31, indicating that epitopes of this domain differed among these strains. When Ct was used as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen, all of the seven monkeys and six mice that were infected with B31 spirochetes produced a strong antibody response to this peptide, indicating that the C-terminal invariable domain is immunodominant. None of 12 monkeys and only 11 of 26 mice that were infected with strains other than B31 produced a detectable anti-Ct response, indicating a limited antigenic conservation of this domain among these strains. Twenty-six of 33 dogs that were experimentally infected by tick inoculation were positive by the Ct ELISA, while only 5 of 18 serum samples from dogs clinically diagnosed with Lyme disease contained detectable anti-Ct antibody. Fifty-seven of 64 serum specimens that were collected from American patients with Lyme disease were positive by the Ct ELISA, while only 12 of 21 European samples contained detectable anti-Ct antibody. In contrast, antibody to the more conserved invariable region IR6 of VlsE was present in all of these dog and human serum samples.

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