Breaking water-in-oil emulsion of Northern Iraq’s crude oil using commercial polymers and surfactants

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Yasin Thayee Al-Janabi ◽  
Miran Sabah Ibrahim ◽  
Ibrahim F Waheed ◽  
Amanj Wahab Sayda ◽  
Peter Spearman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Interfacial Film ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Commercial Polymers ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion ◽  
Refining Processes

Water (W) and oil (O) normally mix during production and while passing through valves and pumps to form a persistent water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, which is a serious restriction in oil production and transporting and refining processes. The objective of this work is to treat emulsions of two crude oil samples labeled KD1 and DGH2 using commercial polymers and surfactants which are also known as demulsifiers. Hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) in the demulsifier structure has demonstrated a great effect on breaking W/O emulsion. Emulsion breakers with low HLB value showed better reduction in the dynamic IFT, high diffusivity at the W/O interface, and accelerated coalescence of water droplets. Concomitantly, high emulsion temperatures were found to reduce the interfacial film viscosity and accelerate water droplets coalescence. A maximum water separation efficiency (WSE) of 97% was achieved in the case of KD1 and 88% for DGH2, and using a (1:1) polymer blend demulsifier further increased WSE to 99% after 100 min.

scholarly journals Demulsification of crude oil emulsion via electrocoagulation method

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Firdos. M. Abdulla ◽  
N.H. Abdurahman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Production Losses

During oil production and processing emulsions were formed and seriously cause problem, both in terms of chemicals used and production losses. The traditional methods of breaking crude oil emulsions are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this paper, the potentials of electrocoagulation technology in demulsification of crude oil emulsion were investigated. The crude oil obtained from Petronas Ponapean Melaka, Malaysia. For stability performance test, Span 80 was used as emulsifier, while for chemical demulsification performance test,Hexylamine was used. The electrocoagulation method was used for demulsification of W/O emulsion. For electrocoagulation demulsification, three factors namely; voltages 15-50 V, current density 1.04-3.94 mAcm-2, and concentration of NaCl 0.5-2.5 g/L. The electrocoagulation demulsification showed that the best water separation efficiency was achieved at voltage 50 V, current density 3.94 mAcm-2, and NaCl concentration 2.5 g/L, whereas the separation efficiency reached at 98%. Results have shown the potential of electrocoagulation method in separation of water-in-crude oil emulsions, W/O.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a naturally derived waste brown oil extract for demulsification of crude oil emulsion

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel E Okoro ◽  
Chinedu G Nnaji ◽  
Samuel E Sanni ◽  
Eze F Ahuekwe ◽  
Kevin C Igwilo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Separation Time

Conventional methods of eliminating water from crude oil such as the chemical injection have both economic and environmental impacts; thus, this study proposed an economic and environmentally friendly demulsifier. The bottle test method was used to study the performance of the natural extract and commercial demulsifier on a crude oil sample. The GC-MS profile of the extract was in agreement with previous reports on composition of oil extracted from rice bran using hexane, ultrasound assisted extraction and conventional solvent extraction with ethanol. Varying degrees of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as well as retention times as observed, was a function of total time of scanning, according to NIST08 library of mass spectra. The performance of the demulsifier was expressed in terms of percentage of water separated from 100 ml samples of the oil samples. For both the demulsifiers, the performance increased with increase in volume of the demulsifier, separation time and operating temperature. The extracted demulsifier performed better than the chemical demulsifier under all the experimental conditions adopted in this study. Based on the parametric evaluation, it was observed the results from software corroborated the results obtained from experiments in terms of the observations of the combined effect of temperature and volume which showed the most significant influence on demulsification of the emulsified crude. The highest efficiency of the bio-demulsifier was obtained with a volume of 5 mL of the extract, at a temperature of 70°C and separation time of 60 min. A water separation efficiency of 85.6% was obtained as compared to the chemical demulsifier, which gave an efficiency of 80.2%.

scholarly journals Enhancing Demulsification of Water-in-oil Emulsion by Eliminating Trace Value of Percentage Residual Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Jude D. Inyang ◽  
Julius U. Akpabio ◽  
Benjamin R. Etuk
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Demulsification Process ◽  
Niger Delta Basin

The elimination of residual free water and Basic Sediments (BS&W) after field demulsification process and characterization is being investigated with a diluent, to enhance field treatment for quality assurance and crude oil custody transfer. The American Standard for Testing Materials (ASTM) D 4007 is used as separation technique for three field emulsion samples from two Niger Delta basin oil facilities. After an initial bottle test, free water content in crude oil samples on arrival were 0.65%, 0.70% and 0.55% for samples A, B and C respectively. Tests and analysis were carried out at room temperature of 28°C and a water-bath temperature at 60°C. Maximum water separation efficiency of 91% was achieved at diluent and emulsion concentration ratio of 1:9 in first 60 minutes to 720 minutes. BS&W reduced from an average of 0.6% to 0.25%. Emulsion separation index (ESI) provided emulsion stability measurement of respective samples with a contrast between static-laboratory and field-dynamic conditions. From the study, sample B has API of 39 and ESI=40 while recording greater separation than in A and C crude oil samples. Hence, separation efficiency increased with the amount of xylene added and free water percentages reduced in top dry oil with significant changes in BS&W.

scholarly journals DESTABILIZATION OF CRUDE OIL EMULSION VIA ELECTROCOAGULATION METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Firdos. M. Abdulla ◽  
Nour Hamid Abdurahman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Oil Emulsions

Formation of emulsions during oil production and processing is a costly problem, both in terms of chemicals used and production losses. Conventional ways of breaking crude oil emulsion are disadvantageous from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this paper, the potentials of electrocoagulation technology in destabilization of crude oil emulsion were investigated. The crude oil was obtained from Petronas Refinery Melaka, Malaysia. For stability performance test, Span 80 was used as emulsifier, while for chemical destabilization performance test, Hexylamine was used. The electrocoagulation method was used for destabilization of W/O emulsion. For electrocoagulation destabilization, three factors namely; voltages 15-50 V, current density 1.04-3.94 mAcm- 2, and NaCl concentration 0.5-2.5 g/L. The electrocoagulation destabilization showed that the best water separation efficiency was achieved at voltage 50 V, current density 3.94 mAcm-2, and NaCl concentration 2.5 g/L, whereas the separation efficiency reached at 98%. In addition, electrocoagulation of W/O emulsion separation is advantageous as it was simple to be operated, low cost and more identical, and then successfully applied on destabilization of W/O crude oil emulsions on the industry.

Demulsification of a Water-in-crude Oil Emulsion with a Corn Oil BasedDemulsifier using the Response Surface Methodology: Modelling and Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abed Saad ◽  
Nour Abdurahman ◽  
Rosli Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Oil Emulsions

: In this study, the Sany-glass test was used to evaluate the performance of a new surfactant prepared from corn oil as a demulsifier for crude oil emulsions. Central composite design (CCD), based on the response surface methodology (RSM), was used to investigate the effect of four variables, including demulsifier dosage, water content, temperature, and pH, on the efficiency of water removal from the emulsion. As well, analysis of variance was applied to examine the precision of the CCD mathematical model. The results indicate that demulsifier dose and emulsion pH are two significant parameters determining demulsification. The maximum separation efficiency of 96% was attained at an alkaline pH and with 3500 ppm demulsifier. According to the RSM analysis, the optimal values for the input variables are 40% water content, 3500 ppm demulsifier, 60 °C, and pH 8.

scholarly journals The Rheology of Light Crude Oil and Water-In-Oil-Emulsion

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajnor Suriya Taju Ariffin ◽  
Effah Yahya ◽  
Hazlina Husin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Light Crude Oil ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

scholarly journals Rheological and Emulsification Behavior of Xinjiang Heavy Oil and Model Oils

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqiang Jing ◽  
Jiatong Tan ◽  
Haili Hu ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Peiyu Jing
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Silicon Oil ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Model Oil ◽  
White Mineral

Transparent model oils are commonly used to study the flow patterns and pressure gradient of crude oil-water flow in gathering pipes. However, there are many differences between the model oil and crude oils. The existing literatures focus on the flow pattern transition and pressure gradient calculation of model oils. This paper compares two most commonly used model oils (white mineral oil and silicon oil) with Xinjiang crude oil from the perspectives of rheological properties, oil-water interfacial tensions, emulsion photomicrographs and demulsification process. It indicates that both the white mineral oil and the crude oils are pseudo plastic fluids, while silicon oil is Newtonian fluid. The viscosity-temperature relationship of white mineral oil is similar to that of the diluted crude oil, while the silicon oil presents a less viscosity gradient with the increasing temperature. The oil-water interfacial tension can be used to evaluate the oil dispersing ability in the water phase, but not to evaluate the emulsion stability. According to the Turbiscan lab and the stability test, the model oil emulsion is less stable than that of crude oil, and easier to present water separation.

scholarly journals WEATHERING EXPERIMENT ON SPILLED CRUDE OILS USING A CIRCULATING WATER CHANNEL

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Tsukihara
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

ABSTRACT Crude oil spilled in the sea is mixed with the sea water by the wind and waves resulting in increases in its water content and viscosity as time passes. We have constructed a small, transfer type circulating water channel of an elliptical cuit-track form. Using an attached circulating unit, together with a war tunnel, artificial waves are generated to enable simulation corresponding to the natural circumstances in the sea. The experiment disclosed the following results.Drastic changes in the properties (water content and viscosity) of the oil depend on the power of waves.Contrasting processes are observed between heavy and light crude oils during weathering.Heavy crude oils form a massive water-in-oil emulsion (mousse) with increases in both water content and viscosity.Light crude oils behave differently at summer sea temperatures,

scholarly journals Optimization of (RP6000 and MAKS-9150) demulsifiers for separation of water from (Kirkuk / baba, Khbbaz) crude oil emulsion

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Dr. Mueyyed Akram Arslan ◽  
Dr. Ghassan Burhan Yaqoob
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Bottle Test ◽  
Oil Emulsions

In this study oil-soluble (RP6000 and MAKS-9150) emulsion breakers have been selected for separation of water from Kirkuk / baba (50oC), Khbbaz (40oC) crude oil emulsions and their activity measured using the Bottle test method at different concentration and found the activity of RP6000 demulsified best than MAKS-9150 emulsion breakers. RP6000 separated water (100%) in (15)min., (40)ppm and in (60)min., (20)ppm of demulsified for Kirkuk/ baba Crude oil and for khbbaz Crude oil the (100%) water separation was in (15)min., (80)ppm and in (30)min., (60)ppm and PH effect, salinity, temperature and density of emulsion stability depending on literature were explained for Optimization.

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