Preparation and properties of melamine formaldehyde resin modified by functionalized nano-SiO2 and polyvinyl alcohol

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112090354
Author(s):  
Zhu Xiong ◽  
Ning Chen ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer

Melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin is a thermosetting polymer with superior flame retardancy and high thermal stability and is widely used in fire-retardant coatings, flame-retardant sheets, heat-resistant filter materials, and so on. However, its further application is restricted by its extreme brittleness and poor impact strength. In this article, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a water-soluble polymer with high toughness and elasticity, which can be well blended with MF prepolymer in hot water, was used to improve the toughness of MF resin. The nano-silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles modified by KH-550 were used to improve the compatibility between MF prepolymer and PVA. Moreover, the modified nano-SiO2 can simultaneously enhance the toughness and impact the strength of MF resin. The interaction of components, fractography, thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical properties of the modified MF resin was studied systematically. Fourier transform infrared results indicate that KH-550 was successfully grafted onto the surface of nano-SiO2. The grafted nano-SiO2 shows better dispersion in the matrix than the unmodified one, furthermore improving the compatibility and interface adhesion between MF and PVA. When PVA content is 20%, the obtained material has good thermal stability ( T max > 350°C), flame-retardant properties (UL-94 V-0 rating and limited oxygen index = 42%), and toughness (elongation at break > 20% and unnotched impact strength > 13 kJ m−2).

Preparation of Melamine Formaldehyde Resin Modified with Pentaerythritol and its Flame Retardant Effect in Polypropylene

2020 ◽  
Vol 1003 ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Fu Long Zhou ◽  
Hong Zhi Wu ◽  
Ming Mei Sun ◽  
Xin Zhu ◽  
Lin Sheng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
C Nmr

A new triazine charring agent, melamine formaldehyde resin modified with pentaerythritol (named as MF-MPOL), was synthesized through hydroxymethylation, condensation and etherification by using melamine, paraformaldehyde and pentaerythritol as raw materials, and characterized by solid-state 13C NMR and FT-IR. The intumescent flame retardant (IFR) consisting of MF-MPOL with ammonium polyphosphate has good flame retardancy in polypropylene (PP). The analysis of the residues obtained in cone calorimetry test showed that the IFR played a role of flame retardancy mainly in condensed phase. In other words, the porous and dense - continuous intumescent char layer formed during the burning process results in flame retardant effect by insulation of heat, oxygen and preventing the underlying PP from degradation and volatilization of pyrolytic products.

scholarly journals Electrospun synthesis of silver/poly (vinyl alcohol) nano-fibers: investigation antibacterial activity and flame retardant property

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Azarakhsh ◽  
Hamed Bahiraei ◽  
Gholamhosain Haidari ◽  
Davood Ghanbar
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Nano Fiber

Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Ag nanoparticles-embedded polyvinyl alcohol (Ag/PVA) nano-fibers have been synthesized successfully via the electro-spinning technique at room temperature. XRD patterns confirmed the presence of Ag nanoparticles in the electro-spinning PVA nano-fibers. FE-SEM images displayed that silver nanoparticles with an average particle size of 32 nm are uniformly dispersed in PVA nano-fibers. Also, the average diameter of Ag/PVA nano-fibers was estimated to be 142 nm. The EDX analysis of Ag/PVA nano-fiber determined the aggregation of Ag nanoparticles in the range of polymer nano-fibers. The antibacterial property of Ag/PVA nano-fiber for inhibition of Escherichia coli (E-coli) growth was approved. Since polyvinyl alcohol is a biocompatible and water-soluble polymer, it can be considered as unique candidate for the preparation of wound dressing nano-fibers. It is also found that the nontoxic nanostructures can appropriately enhance both flame retardant and thermal stability properties of the Ag/PVA matrix. These results show that the Ag/PVA nano-fibers may find practical applications as self-reinforced medical devices and tissue-engineering scaffolds.

Structure and Properties of Melamine Formaldehyde/Polyvinyl Alcohol (MF-PVA) Composite Fiber by Electrospinning

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Lu Lu Li ◽  
Yong Qiang Kang ◽  
Yan Gong Yang ◽  
Ri Min Cong ◽  
Zhao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Limit Oxygen Index ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Blend Fiber

Melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin and its derivatives are always considered to be an excellent flame retardant material, which has a wide application in the flame retardant fabric, thermal insulation and high temperature filter Materials etc. The melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend electrospinning were studied in this work. MF-PVA electrospun fiber membrane was successfully prepared, and the limit oxygen index (LOI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrum (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been used to analyze and characterize the fiber. The results show that: The blending fiber is endowed with effective flame retardant property by the amino group and triazine ring group in MF/PVA fibers, and the LOI reaches 28~31. The MF and PVA blend fiber showed best uniformity when the blending solid content ratio of MF-PVA is 1:1. MF/ PVA blend fiber has certain crystallization capacity, which influences both the mechanical properties and flexibility of blending fiber.

Preparation, characterization and testing of flame retardant cotton cellulose material: flame retardancy, thermal stability and flame-retardant mechanism

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 3789-3805
Author(s):  
Ling Sun ◽  
Huixin Wang ◽  
Wennan Li ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Cotton Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Material

Surface microencapsulation modification of aluminum hypophosphite and improved flame retardancy and mechanical properties of flame-retardant acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene composites

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (61) ◽  
pp. 49143-49152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningjing Wu ◽  
Zhaoxia Xiu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Aluminum Hypophosphite ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Silicone-microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite (SiAHP) improved effectively the flame retardancy and significantly enhanced the notched impact strength of ABS/SiAHP composites.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Structure-Property Effect of Phosphorus-Containing Polysulfone on Decomposition and Flame Retardant Epoxy Resin Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yongxiang Li ◽  
Qiushi Li ◽  
Yiliang Wang ◽  
Gong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The flame retardant modification of epoxy (EP) is of great signification for aerospace, automotive, marine, and energy industries. In this study, a series of EP composites containing different variations of phosphorus-containing polysulfone (with a phosphorus content of approximately 1.25 wt %) were obtained. The obtained EP/polysulfone composites had a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and high flame retardancy. The influence of phosphorus-containing compounds (ArPN2, ArPO2, ArOPN2 and ArOPO2) on the thermal properties and flame retardancy of EP/polysulfone composites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a UL-94 vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter tests. The phosphorus-containing polysulfone enhanced the thermal stability of EP. The more stable porous char layer, less flammable gases, and a lower apparent activation energy at a high degree of conversion demonstrated the high gas inhibition effect of phosphorus-containing compounds. Moreover, the gas inhibition effect of polysulfone with a P–C bond was more efficient than the polysulfone with a P–O–C bond. The potential for optimizing flame retardancy while maintaining a high Tg is highlighted in this study. The flame-retardant EP/polysulfone composites with high thermal stability broaden the application field of epoxy.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Novel Phosphorous-Nitrogen Based Charring Agent and Its Application in Flame-retardant HDPE/IFR Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlei Chen ◽  
Jihui Wang ◽  
Aiqing Ni ◽  
Hongda Chen ◽  
Penglong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Charring Agent ◽  
Migration Percentage ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, a novel phosphorous–nitrogen based charring agent named poly(1,3-diaminopropane-1,3,5-triazine-o-bicyclic pentaerythritol phosphate) (PDTBP) was synthesized and used to improve the flame retardancy of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) showed that PDTBP was successfully synthesized. Compared with the traditional intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system contained APP and pentaerythritol (PER), the novel IFR system (APP/PDTBP, weight ratio of 2:1) could significantly promote the flame retardancy, water resistance, and thermal stability of HDPE. The HDPE/APP/PDTBP composites (PE3) could achieve a UL-94 V-0 rating with LOI value of 30.8%, and had a lower migration percentage (2.2%). However, the HDPE/APP/PER composites (PE5) had the highest migration percentage (4.7%), lower LOI value of 23.9%, and could only achieve a UL-94 V-1 rating. Besides, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and fire hazard value of PE3 were markedly decreased compared to PE5. PE3 had higher tensile strength and flexural strength of 16.27 ± 0.42 MPa and 32.03 ± 0.59 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the possible flame-retardant mechanism of the APP/PDTBP IFR system indicated that compact and continuous intumescent char layer would be formed during burning, thus inhibiting the degradation of substrate material and improving the thermal stability of HDPE.

Study on Melamine Formaldehyde/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend Fiber by Electrospinning

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 424-428
Author(s):  
Lu Lu Li ◽  
Yong Qiang Kang ◽  
Yan Gong Yang ◽  
Ri Min Cong ◽  
Zhao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Limit Oxygen Index ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Content Ratio

Melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin and its derivatives are always considered to be excellent flame retardant material, which has wide application in the flame retardant fabric, high temperature insulating filter materials, etc. However, less research on electro-spinning of melamine fiber has been reported, recently. In the study, the molar ratio, condensation polymerization temperature of formaldehyde and melamine, and the law of effect in different solid content ratio of melamine formaldehyde/polyvinyl alcohol on the electro-spinning were studied. The results showed that the best conditions for spinning were that formaldehyde and melamine molar ratio was 1:1.7, the reaction temperature was 80°C, and the MF-PVA blending solid content ratio was 1:1, meanwhile the morphology of Electron microscopy indicated the good uniformity of the fiber. The fiber presents good flame retardant property in conditions of MF-PVA blending solution viscosity 155mPa ́s, limit oxygen index 33.2%.

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