Early Detection and Prevention of Domestic Violence Using the Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) in Primary Health Care Clinics in Malaysia

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wong Yut-Lin ◽  
Sajaratulnisah Othman
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Women Abuse ◽  
Early Detection And Prevention

Despite being an emergent major public health problem, little research has been done on domestic violence from the perspectives of early detection and prevention. Thus, this cross-sectional study was conducted to identify domestic violence among female adult patients attending health centers at the primary care level and to determine the relationship between social correlates of adult patients and domestic violence screening and subsequent help/health-seeking behavior if abused. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 710 female adult patients from 8 health centers in Selangor who matched the inclusion criteria and consented to participate in the study, using a structured questionnaire that included adaptation of a validated 8-item Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST). Statistical tests showed significant differences in ethnicity, income, and education between those screened positive and those screened negative for domestic violence. Of the participants, 92.4% reported that during consultations, doctors had never asked them whether they were abused by their husband/partner. Yet, 67.3% said they would voluntarily tell the doctor if they were abused by their husband/partner. The findings indicate that primary care has an important role in identifying domestic violence by applying the WAST screening tool, or an appropriate adaptation, with women patients during routine visits to the various health centers. Such assessment for abuse could be secondary prevention for the abused women, but more important, it will serve as primary prevention for nonabused women. This approach not only will complement the existing 1-stop crisis center policy by the Ministry of Health that copes with crisis intervention but also will spearhead efforts toward prevention of domestic violence in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Women Abuse Screening Tool: A Validation Study on Nigerian Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 398-404
Author(s):  
Ibukunoluwa B Bello ◽  
Ebernezer O Akinnawo ◽  
Bede C Akpunne
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Women Abuse ◽  
Alpha Reliability ◽  
Tolerable Level

Domestic violence is identified across the globe as a menace as it poses a threat to the mental health of its victims, the significant others of the victim and the security of a nation at large. In some cases, the victim of domestic violence is a pregnant woman and harm is caused not only to a woman but her fetus also and this calls for urgent psychological assessment and intervention. Although there is no doubt that psychological tests are effective in the assessment of domestic violence, using the psychometric properties obtained from a different population may produce generate inaccurate findings. This paper therefore attempts the validation study of Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) using a sample of 379 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the State Specialist Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The study derived a Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability of 0.758, p <.05 and a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.683, p <.05. Furthermore, concurrent validity of Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) and Ongoing Abuse Screen (OAS) was established as 0.29, p<.05. The norms of the instrument were given as 2.38 for tolerable level of domestic violence and 5.79 for severe and pathological level of domestic violence. Authors conclude that Women Abuse Screening Tool has acceptable psychometric properties to justify its usage for the assessment of level of domestic violence among pregnant women in Nigeria and other nations with similar socio-cultural backgrounds.

DIABETES MANAGEMENT AT COMMUNE HEALTH CENTERS OF THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Duc Toan Vo ◽  
Nam Hung Nguyen ◽  
Ho Thi Quynh Anh Le ◽  
Minh Tam Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Management Services

Diabetes and its consequences have become serious public health problems in many countries. Enhancing continuity of care and diabetes management at primary care plays a crucial, sustainable and cost-effective role in health care. Objectives: To describe the current situation of diabetes management at commune health centers (CHCs) in Thua Thien Hue province. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the total 152 CHCs in Thua Thien Hue province. Service availability and readiness assessment (SARA-WHO) instrument was used to assess diabetes management of CHCs. Results: Diabetes diagnosis and/or treatment were available at 40.8% of CHCs surveyed. There was a low percentage of CHCs fully equipped for screening and early detection of diabetes (18.4%). Most of CHCs delivered prevention services regarding risk factors of diabetes. All CHCs weren’t equipped with adequate medication for diabetes management prescribed by the Ministry of Health. Metformin (33.6%) and gliclazide (28.3%) were offered at the CHCs. Conclusion: Diabetes prevention and management services at grassroots level have not been fully and widely deployed throughout the province. It’s strongly recommended to enhance the availability and readiness of diabetes management services and to invest the essential supplies and medication for diabetes screening, early detection and treatment at primary care, particularly for CHCs in the rural and mountainous areas. Key words: Diabetes management, commune health center, primary care, SARA

scholarly journals Community Health Centers Maintained Initial Increases in Medicaid Covered Adult Patients at 5-Years Post-Medicaid-Expansion

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110226
Author(s):  
Evan V. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
Medicaid Coverage ◽  
Policy Effects ◽  
System Data

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion created new financial opportunities for community health centers (CHCs) providing primary care in medically-underserved communities. However, beyond evidence of initial policy effects, little is understood in the scholarly literature about whether the ACA Medicaid expansion affected longer-lasting changes in CHC patient insurance mix. This study’s objective was to examine whether the ACA Medicaid expansion was associated with lasting increases in the annual percentage of adult CHC patients covered by Medicaid and decreases in the annual percentage of uninsured adult CHC patients at expansion-state CHCs, compared to non-expansion-state CHCs. This observational study examined 5353 CHC-year observations from 2012 to 2018 using Uniform Data System data and other national data sources. Using a 2-way fixed-effects multivariable regression approach and marginal analysis, intermediate-term policy effects of the Medicaid expansion on annual CHC patient coverage outcomes were estimated. By 5-years post-expansion, the Medicaid expansion was associated with an overall average increase of 11.7 percentage points in the percentage of adult patients with Medicaid coverage at expansion-state CHCs, compared to non-expansion-state CHCs. Among expansion-state CHCs, 39.8% of adult patients were predicted to have Medicaid coverage 5-years post-expansion, compared to 19.0% of non-expansion-state adult CHC patients. A state’s decision to expand Medicaid was similarly associated with decreases in the annual percentage of uninsured adult CHC patients. Primary care operations at CHCs critically depend on patient Medicaid revenue. These findings suggest the ACA Medicaid expansion may provide longer-term financial security for expansion-state CHCs, which maintain increases in Medicaid-covered adult patients even 5-years post-expansion. However, these financial securities may be jeopardized should the ACA be ruled unconstitutional in 2021, a year after CHCs experienced new uncertainties caused by COVID-19.

The role of primary care centers in Saudi Arabia in the early detection of breast cancer

2019 ◽  
pp. 620-624
Author(s):  
Saad Alhumaidi ◽  
Abdullah Alshehri ◽  
Abdullah Altowairqi ◽  
Ahmad Alharthy ◽  
Bader Malki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Early Detection

Modern prevention and active longevity programs on the basis of disruptive domestic technologies: positive experience and prospects for application

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
A. Simonova ◽  
S. Chudakov ◽  
R. Gorenkov ◽  
V. Egorov ◽  
A. Gostry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Program ◽  
Long Term Experience ◽  
Early Detection And Prevention

The article summarizes the long-term experience of practical application of domestic breakthrough technologies of preventive personalized medicine for laboratory diagnostics of a wide range of socially significant non-infectious diseases. Conceptual approaches to the formation of an integrated program for early detection and prevention of civilization diseases based on these technologies are given. A vision of the prospects for the development of this area in domestic and foreign medicine has been formed.

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