scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Interpersonal Violence Among In-School Adolescents in Sri Lanka: Results From the 2016 Sri Lankan Global School-Based Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera Jayan Senanayake ◽  
Shanthi Gunawardena ◽  
Sashimali Wickramasinghe ◽  
Champika Wickramasinghe ◽  
Nalika Sepali Gunawardena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
School Based ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
Violence Prevention Programs

Interpersonal violence among adolescents is an issue of global public health concern, leading to adverse physical and psychological outcomes among children and young people under the age of 18 years. This article discusses the prevalence of interpersonal violence and identifies their associated factors among school-going adolescents of ages 13 to 17 years using the data from the Sri Lankan Global School-Based Health Survey conducted in 2016. Of the 3262 students who participated, 35.1% (95% confidence interval = 31.0% to 39.5%) were physically attacked and 44.2% (95% confidence interval = 39.2% to 49.4%) were in a fight with peers, one or more times during the 12 months prior to the survey. Being bullied by peers, male sex, 13 to 15 years age group, smoking and alcohol use, considering or attempting suicide, missing classes without permission, and parents not being aware of students’ activities were associated with violence. The study highlights the need for violence prevention programs to address the risk factors among school-going adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Interpersonal Violence among In-School Adolescents in Ghana: Analysis of the Global School-Based Health Survey Data

Adolescents ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Richard Gyan Aboagye ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
Francis Arthur-Holmes ◽  
James Boadu Frimpong ◽  
John Elvis Hagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Based

Interpersonal violence is a critical public health concern that is linked with many negative consequences, including mortality. It is the second most predominant cause of death among male adolescents aged 15–19. This study used a nationally representative data from the recent Ghana Global School-based Health Survey to examine the prevalence and factors associated with interpersonal violence among Ghanaian in-school adolescents. A total of 2214 in-school adolescents were included in the final analysis. Multivariable binomial logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors assciated with interpersonal violence. The results of the regression analysis were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence level (CI) in all the analyses. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of interpersonal violence was 55.7%, of which the prevalences of physical fighting and attack were 38.2% and 41.5%, respectively. In-school adolescents who had an injury were more likely to experience interpersonal violence (aOR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.71–3.06) compared with those who did not have an injury. The odds of interpersonal violence were higher among in-school adolescents who were bullied (aOR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.84–3.34) compared with those who were not bullied. In addition, in-school adolescents who attempted suicide (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.22–2.47), consumed alcohol at the time of the survey (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.15–3.06), and were truant (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.29–1.99) had higher odds of experiencing interpersonal violence. These factors provide education directors and school heads/teachers with the relevant information to guide them in designing specific interventions to prevent interpersonal violence, particularly physical fights and attacks in the school settings. School authorities should organize parent–teacher meetings or programs to help parents improve their relationships with in-school adolescents to prevent or minimize their risky behaviors, including physical fights.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Violence Around Pregnancy Experienced by Rural and Urban Canadian Women: Correlates and Selected Health Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110435
Author(s):  
Yingying Su ◽  
Carl D’Arcy
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rural Mothers

Interpersonal violence around pregnancy is of increasing global public health concern affecting both women themselves and their children. The primary aim of this study is to explore and identify potential correlates of such violence and to examine maternal and birth outcomes subsequent to that violence in a nationally representative sample of urban and rural women in Canada. The data are from the Maternity Experiences Survey (MES), a Canadian population-based postcensus survey administered to 6,421 Canadian mothers in 2006. Survey participants were 15 years and older and had given birth to a singleton and continued to live with their infant at the time of the survey. The survey response rate was 78%. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used in the analysis with adjustments made for confounding variables. The study findings indicated that living in an urban environment was associated with an increased risk of interpersonal violence experience around the time of pregnancy ( OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.03-1.66). In addition, being aboriginal, young, unmarried, economically disadvantaged, a nonimmigrant, and having more than four pregnancies, as well as cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and drug use before the pregnancy were correlated with interpersonal violence around pregnancy. Maternal interpersonal violence experiences were also associated with postnatal depression and stressful life events among both urban and rural mothers. However, maternal interpersonal violence experiences were only associated with preterm birth among rural mothers but not among urban mothers. The present study highlights the need to implement effective interventions for women experiencing interpersonal violence around pregnancy due to its potential impact on maternal and newborn’s physical and mental health. Screening and intervention should be targeted high-risk women particularly those who are indigenous, young, unmarried, nonimmigrants, of lower socioeconomic status, and manifesting high risk health behaviors.

scholarly journals Global risks of suicidal behaviours and being bullied and their association in adolescents: School-based health survey in 83 countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 100253 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jie Tang ◽  
Yizhen Yu ◽  
Holly C. Wilcox ◽  
Chun Kang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
School Based ◽  
Being Bullied

A Meta-Analysis of School-Based Interventions Aimed to Prevent or Reduce Violence in Teen Dating Relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa De La Rue ◽  
Joshua R. Polanin ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Terri D. Pigott
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
School Based ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis ◽  
Building Components ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Teen Dating ◽  
Violence Prevention Programs

The incidence of violence in dating relationships has a significant impact on young people, including decreased mental and physical health. This review is the first to provide a quantitative synthesis of empirical evaluations of school-based programs implemented in middle and high schools that sought to prevent or reduce incidents of dating violence. After a systematic search and screening procedure, a meta-analysis of 23 studies was used to examine the effects of school-based programs. Results indicated school-based programs influence dating violence knowledge ([Formula: see text] 95% confidence interval [0.05, 0.39]) and attitudes ([Formula: see text] 95% confidence interval [0.10, 0.19]); however, to date, the results for dating violence perpetration and victimization indicate programs are not affecting these behaviors to a significant extent. The results of this review are encouraging, but they also highlight the need for modifications to dating violence prevention programs including the incorporation of skill-building components and a need to address the role of bystanders.

scholarly journals Preventing Childhood Obesity in Primary Schools: A Realist Review from UK Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13395
Author(s):  
Sharea Ijaz ◽  
James Nobles ◽  
Laura Johnson ◽  
Theresa Moore ◽  
Jelena Savovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Programme Theory ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Interventions

Childhood obesity is a global public health concern. While evidence from a recent comprehensive Cochrane review indicates school-based interventions can prevent obesity, we still do not know how or for whom these work best. We aimed to identify the contextual and mechanistic factors associated with obesity prevention interventions implementable in primary schools. A realist synthesis following the Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses–Evolving Standards (RAMESES) guidance was with eligible studies from the 2019 Cochrane review on interventions in primary schools. The initial programme theory was developed through expert consensus and stakeholder input and refined with data from included studies to produce a final programme theory including all of the context-mechanism-outcome configurations. We included 24 studies (71 documents) in our synthesis. We found that baseline standardised body mass index (BMIz) affects intervention mechanisms variably as a contextual factor. Girls, older children and those with higher parental education consistently benefitted more from school-based interventions. The key mechanisms associated with beneficial effect were sufficient intervention dose, environmental modification and the intervention components working together as a whole. Education alone was not associated with favourable outcomes. Future interventions should go beyond education and incorporate a sufficient dose to trigger change in BMIz. Contextual factors deserve consideration when commissioning interventions to avoid widening health inequalities.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Yusuf ◽  
Aziz Nashiruddin Habibie ◽  
Ferry Efendi ◽  
Iqlima Dwi Kurnia ◽  
Anna Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
School Based ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Being Bullied

Abstract Introduction Violence against adolescents is prevalent in the world, yet this issue is neglected especially in developing countries. Bullying among adolescents negatively affects the victims in relation to emotional, physical, social and overall health status. This study was conducted to understand bullying and its associated factors in school-going adolescents in Indonesia. Methods This study was a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the 2015 Indonesia Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). As many as 9969 adolescents in schools were selected by probability proportional to size method and systematic sampling. Variables analyzed on this study were age, sex, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, close friends and feeling of loneliness. The research instrument used the GSHS 2015 questionnaire. Chi-square (χ2) analysis and multiple logistic regression tests were conducted to determine the significance of each variable. Results A total of 19.9% of adolescents in Indonesian schools were victims of being bullied. Being bullied was associated with ≤14 years old [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–1.45], being male (AOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.28–1.59), being a smoker (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23–1.73), consuming alcohol (AOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.64–2.62), having no close friends (AOR 1.27, 95% CI 0.95–1.70) and feeling lonely (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 2.05–2.55). Conclusion Indonesian in-school adolescents report a relatively high prevalence of having been bullied. Being bullied is related to various factors depending on personal and environmental factors. School communities and health professionals’ attention to adolescents should be sensitized and this issue discussed, developing strategies and minimizing the negative effect on the adolescents. Policy makers need to consider developing a social platform among adolescents to facilitate students’ interaction.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Truancy among School-Going Adolescents in Mozambique: Evidence from the 2015 Global School-Based Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Supervision ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Based ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Current Tobacco

This study examined the prevalence of truancy and its associated factors among 1500 school-going adolescents using the 2015 Mozambique Global School-based Student Health Survey data. The association was assessed using bivariate (Chi square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. The prevalence of truancy was 36.6% (38.4% of males and 35.1% of females). It was found that adolescents aged 15 years and older [OR=1.460,95% CI=1.153,1.848], experiencing hunger [OR=1.613 95% CI= 1.051,2.475], current tobacco use [OR=1.613 95%CI=1.051,2.475], being bullied [OR=1.314, 95% CI=1.027,1.681], facing an attack, smoking [OR= 1.893, 95% CI=1.293,2.771], having 1-2 close friends [OR=1.656, 95% CI=1.276,2.14], and feeling lonely [OR=1.295, 95% CI=1.019,1.646] were the factors that predisposed adolescents to truant behaviour. Conversely, parental supervision [OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.232,0.791] was a protective factor against truancy. There is the need to design school-based interventions aimed at reducing truancy in Mozambique by tackling the predisposing factors and encouraging the protective factors.

scholarly journals GP views on their role in bullying disclosure by children and young people in the community: a cross-sectional qualitative study in English primary care

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (688) ◽  
pp. e752-e759
Author(s):  
Laura Condon ◽  
Vibhore Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Being Bullied

BackgroundBullying among children and young people (CYP) is a major public health concern that can lead to physical and mental health consequences. CYP may disclose bullying, and seek help from a GP. However, there is currently little research on GPs’ views on and perceptions of their role in dealing with disclosures of bullying in primary care.AimTo explore GPs’ views about their role in dealing with CYPs’ disclosures of being bullied, especially factors that have an impact on GPs’ roles.Design and settingIn this cross-sectional qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs in primary care in England from October to December 2017.MethodPurposive sampling was used to achieve variation in GP age, professional status in practice, profile of the patients served by the practice, practice size and location, and whether the GPs considered themselves to be actively in research or teaching.ResultsData from 14 semi-structured interviews revealed three main themes: remaining clinically vigilant; impact of bullying in schools; and training and guidance on dealing with bullying and cyberbullying. GPs felt that dealing with disclosures of bullying and cyberbullying came down to their clinical experience rather than guideline recommendations, which do not currently exist, and that bullying was a precipitating factor in presentations of CYPs’ mental health issues.ConclusionGPs feel they have a role to play in managing and supporting the health of CYP who disclose being bullied during consultations. However, they feel ill-equipped to deal with these disclosures because of lack of professional development opportunities, and guidance on treating and managing the health consequences of being bullied.

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