What can Thomas Jefferson’s accounting records tell us about plantation management, slavery, and Enlightenment philosophy in colonial America?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Richard Baker

Thomas Jefferson was the third President of the United States of America and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence of the American Colonies from Great Britain. Less well known is that he was a meticulous record keeper. He kept daily records of every receipt and expenditure that he made, no matter how small, for a period of over 60 years. Most of these records have survived and are located in various libraries throughout the United States. Two questions are raised in this article: first, what can Jefferson’s accounting records tell us about plantation management in colonial America? Second, what do these accounting records reveal about Jefferson’s perspectives on eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosophy? This article investigates original archives in an effort to answer these questions.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Recascino Wise

Three dimensions for analyzing public sector pay administration are used to examine central government pay administration in Sweden and the United States of America. On the first dimension, market posture, both countries are found to fall short of their espoused policy, comparability. Greater consistency is found on the second dimension, social orientation, where both countries have pursued the goal of social equality. The equilization of salary levels across society is far greater in Sweden in keeping with the socialist objectives of wage solidarity. The third dimension, reward structure, shows the greatest distance between the two countries with the struggle to implement performance-contingent pay underway in the U.S. while Swedes continue to rely on longevity for pay increases.


Author(s):  
Gwynne Tuell Potts

Weeks before Thomas Jefferson learned he had successfully purchased Louisiana, his secretary wrote William Clark to invite him to cocaptain an exploration of the territory. The preparations for the adventure, the selection of Louisville-area young men accustomed to hard living, and the gathering of supplies consumed Clark and the area until the two captains shoved away from the Falls in a driving October rain. The Lewis and Clark Expedition is a seminal moment in the development of the United States of America, and it was Clark’s brothers and brothers-in-law who received steady, if erratic, news of the uncharted continent between 1803 and 1806. The explorers, along with their Native entourage, arrived at the homes of Jonathan Clark and William Croghan before beginning their separate treks to Washington City, where they reported their stunning findings to Thomas Jefferson.


1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Luntz

This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in consultation at the close of the third decade of its existence as a major form of delivering mental health services in the United States of America, and its somewhat later introduction in Victoria, Australia. Gallessich’s framework for consultation (1983, 1985), amongst others, is compared with the Victorian model. Issues raised include the need for consultants to understand the boundaries of consultation, its limitations, the state of its knowledge base and the uniquely Victorian contribution of a framework of several levels which enables an integration of the knowledge borrowed from a range of sources to assist in the improvement of its practice. A later paper to be published in ‘Children Australia’ looks at the steps in the consultation process.


Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Quintero-Ramírez ◽  
José Miguel Omaña-Silvestre ◽  
Laura Cecilia Ramírez-Padrón

China and the main United States of America producing strawberry countries in 2016, contributed as a whole more than forty per cent of the entire volume of strawberry produced in the world. Spain, the United States of America, Mexico and Netherlands are the main exporting countries, while the main importer countries were the United States of America, Germany, Canada, France and the United Kingdom; the same year, Mexico occupied the third place like producing and third place between the exporting countries. In the previous context, this one investigation raises the analysis of the competitiveness of the strawberry produced in Mexico as regards Spain and the United States of America those who are the biggest exporters of the product on a global scale; by means of the calculation of the index of revealed comparative advantage of Vollrath (IVCR) for the period 1994-2016, the analysis of the indicator recounts that the competitiveness was increasing and that Mexico is provided with a comparative advantage revealed in the strawberry exportation


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Vladislav L. Gorfin ◽  
Alexander M. Rybakov

In the article the authors show the place of Russia in the struggle for the independence of the United States. They reveal the concept of «military neutrality», its essence and content. They define the basic principles of the world colonial system in the XVIII century, the foundations of interrelation between world powers and their colonies. They identify the priorities and interests for the development of foreign policy relations. They establish causal links between the war of the North American colonies of Great Britain for their independence and the policies of a number of European powers (Russia, Great Britain, France), as well as the consequences to which it led. The article considers the history of the struggle for independence and the formation of a new state of the United States of America, the development of foreign policy relations. The authors focus on the history of Russian-American relations in the second half of the XVIII century in the political aspect, and emphasize the increasing penetration of Russia’s influence in the scientific and cultural spheres which directly influenced and enriched the two countries. The relations between Russia and the United States and their history are studied. The history of relations between Russia and Great Britain is shown. The authors analyze the history of attempts to involve the Russian Empire in the war on the side of Great Britain, the position of the Russian government and Catherine II, as well as their attitude to these attempts. The authors give prominence to a number of world political figures and note their personal contribution to the process of struggle for independence and the further development of the United States of America. Unknown moments of their biographies are revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the role and the place of the leading countries of the period under study in the struggle for freedom and independence of the future superpower.


2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14

Both as a private citizen living at the foot of the eastern slope of Virginia’s Blue Ridge Mountains and as a public architect of nationhood, Thomas Jefferson witnessed and wrought extraordinary changes in a burgeoning nation. In 1774, Jefferson purchased 157 acres of land in Virginia, including Natural Bridge, for 20 shillings. This private purchase demonstrated Jefferson’s interest in protecting and utilizing the American landscape, echoed later in the public acquisition of the Louisiana Purchase, which Jefferson oversaw in 1803 as the third president of the United States. Jefferson’s particular dedication to Virginia is further evidenced by Monticello, his lifelong home and farm; Poplar Forest, his private retreat; and the University of Virginia, which he established and designed....


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