scholarly journals Characteristics of subclinical Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in a captive white-tailed deer herd

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-851
Author(s):  
Mitchell V. Palmer ◽  
Carly Kanipe ◽  
Rebecca Cox ◽  
Suelee Robbe-Austerman ◽  
Tyler C. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Intractable Diarrhea ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Necrotizing Granulomas

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP), and affects both domestic and wild ruminants, including cattle, goats, sheep, and deer. In cattle, most infections occur during calfhood followed by a prolonged incubation period of 1–2 y or more before cows shed culturable numbers of MAP bacilli in their feces. As disease progresses, infected animals develop protein-losing enteropathy, intractable diarrhea, and weight loss. In a cohort of 32 clinically normal deer from a herd with a history of periodic clinical paratuberculosis, we found that subclinical infection was characterized by high rates of infection, common involvement of mesenteric lymph nodes, minimal lesion formation, few intralesional acid-fast bacilli, and low-level fecal shedding of MAP. The characteristics of subclinical paratuberculosis in white-tailed deer resemble those of cattle and red deer, although microscopic lesions were less common in subclinical deer than reported for subclinical cattle, and we did not see necrotizing granulomas as described in subclinical red deer and elk.

scholarly journals A mixed infection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and M. a. hominissuis in one red deer (Cervus elaphus) studied by IS900 BstEII and IS1245 PvuII RFLP analyses: a case report

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moravkova ◽  
I. Trcka ◽  
J. Lamka ◽  
I. Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Rflp Type

A mixed infection with <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (<i>MAP</i>) and <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> (<i>MAH</i>) in one naturally infected red deer stag from a game park is described. The animal was euthanized because of symptoms of poor condition, weight loss and chronic diarrhoea. In spite of that, pathological lesions were observed only in the mesenteric lymph nodes, which were five to ten times enlarged with confluent caseous granulomas of 1 to 10 mm in size. Mycobacteria were isolated from all studied samples: a mixed infection of <i>MAP</i> and <i>MAH</i> was confirmed by multiplex PCR for the detection of IS <i>900</i>, IS<i>901</i>1, IS<i>1245</i> and <i>dnaJ</i>. MAP</i> of the identical IS<i>900</i> <i>BstE</i>II RFLP type C1 was isolated from all tissue samples and faeces. <i>MAH</i> isolates were detected in six examined tissue samples, including three mesenteric lymph nodes with caseous granulomas. Only minor differences in the band numbers and position of four different IS<i>1245</i> <i>Pvu</i>II RFLP patterns of <i>MAH</i> isolates were found. It follows from these results that red deer may potentially be infected with <i>MAH</i>, when a <i>MAP</i> infection is under way.

The history of Crimean red deer population and Cervus phylogeography in Eurasia

2017 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Doan ◽  
Paweł Mackiewicz ◽  
Edson Sandoval-Castellanos ◽  
Krzysztof Stefaniak ◽  
Bogdan Ridush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Application of a Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of Proliferative Enteritis-Affected Swine Herds

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia K. Holyoake ◽  
Gary F. Jones ◽  
Peter R. Davies ◽  
Dennis L. Foss ◽  
Michael P. Murtaugh
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Swine Herds ◽  
Age Range

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to confirm the presence of ileal symbiont (IS) intracellularis in 3 swine herds with a history of proliferative enteritis (PE). Two pooled fecal specimens, each comprising 5 individual stool samples, were collected from pen floors to screen for the presence of IS intracellularis and determine the age range of pigs shedding the organism. IS intracellularis was detected in the feces of clinically normal 10–25week-old grower/finisher pigs, indicating that this age range of pigs was the main source of infection for younger nursery pigs. Shedding continued without clinical disease when 10–100 g/ton of tylosin or 10 g/ton of chlortetracycline was added to the feed. PCR testing of pooled fecal samples can be used to identify groups of pigs affected with PE. The results of this study indicate that this PCR assay has the potential to accurately assess the IS intracellularis infection status of swine herds and the association of IS intracellular-is with PE and growth performance.

scholarly journals Identification of Mycobacterium genavense natural infection in a domestic ferret

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bérengère Dequéant ◽  
Quentin Pascal ◽  
Héloïse Bilbault ◽  
Elie Dagher ◽  
Maria-Laura Boschiroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Mycobacterium Genavense ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss

A 6-y-old neutered male ferret ( Mustela putorius furo) was presented because of a 1-mo history of progressive weight loss, chronic cough, and hair loss. On clinical examination, the animal was coughing, slightly depressed, moderately hypothermic, and had bilateral epiphora. Thoracic radiography was suggestive of severe multinodular interstitial pneumonia. Abdominal ultrasound examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and mesenteric and pancreaticoduodenal lymphadenopathy. Fine-needle aspiration of the pancreaticoduodenal lymph node, followed by routine Romanowsky and Ziehl–Neelsen stains, revealed numerous macrophages containing myriad acid-fast bacilli, leading to identification of mycobacteriosis. Autopsy and histologic examination confirmed the presence of disseminated, poorly defined, acid-fast, bacilli-rich granulomas in the pancreaticoduodenal and mesenteric lymph nodes, intestines, and lungs. Destaining of May-Grünwald/Giemsa–stained slides with alcohol, and then restaining with Ziehl–Neelsen, revealed acid-fast rods and avoided repeat tissue sampling without affecting the Ziehl–Neelsen stain quality and cytologic features. Tissue samples were submitted for a PCR assay targeting the heat shock protein gene ( hsp65) and revealed 100% homology with Mycobacterium genavense. We emphasize the use of special stains and PCR for identification of this potential zoonotic agent.

Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in Lymph Nodes and Diaphragms of Pigs from One Infected Herd in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETR KRIZ ◽  
MARIJA KAEVSKA ◽  
IVA SLANA ◽  
IVA BARTEJSOVA ◽  
IVO PAVLIK
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Qpcr Method ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

This study was performed on 40 finished pigs from one herd naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. The aim was to investigate the presence and amount of M. a. avium in samples of lymph nodes and diaphragm tissues collected during routine postmortem inspection using the triplex quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) method. We collected, in total, 107 samples: various lymph nodes affected by gross tuberculosis (TB)–like lesions from 17 pig carcasses, as well as samples of head and mesenteric lymph nodes from 23 carcasses without TB-like lesions. Samples of diaphragm tissues were collected from all carcasses. M. a. avium was detected in one or more tissue samples collected from half of the slaughtered pigs tested. Samples of diaphragm tissues of three pigs with detected TB-like lesions contained M. a. avium (102 to 103 cells per g of sample); the organism was not detected in diaphragm tissues from pigs without TB-like lesions. The qPCR method may be useful for quantification of M. a. avium in pigs for the purposes of foodborne risk assessment.

Hirschsprung Disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 207-223
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Fecal Impaction ◽  
Intractable Diarrhea ◽  
Live Births ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spontaneous Evacuation ◽  
Intestinal Aganglionosis

Intestinal aganglionosis (Hirschsprung disease) has an incidence of one in 5,000 live births. It is being recognized with greater frequency during the neonatal period when it must be distinguished from other causes of intestinal obstruction. The diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease is most often considered in the infant or child with chronic constipation since birth. A history of delayed passage of meconium may be obtained, and the infant may have no spontaneous evacuation of feces without stimulation. Less commonly, intractable diarrhea secondary to enterocolitis may be the finding. Clinical features suggestive of Hirschsprung disease include increased anal sphincter tone and empty rectum despite the presence of fecal impaction.

Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in GATA-2 deficiency (MonoMAC syndrome)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e238290
Author(s):  
Fazal I Raziq ◽  
Ahmed Abubaker ◽  
Eric Smith ◽  
Mohammed Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare ◽  
Alveolar Proteinosis ◽  
Secondary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis

We present here a case of a 29-year-old woman with a medical history of GATA-2 deficiency, who was under treatment for Mycobacterium avium intracellulare pneumonia. She presented with worsening dyspnoea with cough and fever. It was initially thought she had pneumonia but she was later diagnosed with Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP).

Experimental challenge of red deer with Mycobacterium avium

1978 ◽  
Vol 102 (22) ◽  
pp. 484-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Orr ◽  
A. Hunter ◽  
T. Brand ◽  
D. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Experimental Challenge

Improvement in Protein-Losing Enteropathy in a Patient With Fontan Circulation After Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prescriptive Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Broda ◽  
Daniel A. Castellanos ◽  
Tam Dan N. Pham ◽  
W. Jeff Dreyer ◽  
Angeline D. Opina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Fontan Circulation ◽  
Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Young Adult Patient ◽  
Laboratory Values ◽  
History Of

Fontan-associated protein-losing enteropathy is difficult to treat and associated with poor prognosis. Cardiac rehabilitation and exercise are thought to have beneficial effects for patients with Fontan circulation. We report the case of a young adult patient palliated to Fontan circulation, with a decade-long history of symptoms related to protein-losing enteropathy. At age 23 years, he appreciated an improvement in symptoms and laboratory values after cardiac rehabilitation and prescriptive exercise.

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