scholarly journals Searching for Success—Entrepreneurs’ Responses to Crowdfunding Failure

2020 ◽  
pp. 104225872098071
Author(s):  
Erk P. Piening ◽  
Ferdinand Thies ◽  
Michael Wessel ◽  
Alexander Benlian
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Failure Experience

In this study, we seek to provide new insights into the process of problemistic search by examining entrepreneurs’ behavioral responses to failures. Using a comprehensive dataset of over 65,000 crowdfunding projects, we specifically explore how negative performance feedback influences entrepreneurs’ search distance. Our results demonstrate that the severity and persistence of failure have a U-shaped and inverted U-shaped relationship with search distance, respectively. Moreover, greater temporal distance between an entrepreneur’s failure experience and a subsequent crowdfunding project is not only associated with increases in search distance, but also attenuates the curvilinear main effects.

Organizational Aspirations and External Venturing: The Contingency of Entrepreneurial Orientation

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varkey Titus ◽  
Owen Parker ◽  
Jeffrey Covin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Corporate Venturing ◽  
Strategic Posture ◽  
Critical Contingency

We contribute to the organizational aspirations and corporate venturing literature by theorizing and testing (a) the influence of a firm’s idiosyncratic strategic posture on behavioral responses to performance attainment discrepancies, and (b) that performance feedback may influence multifaceted yet thematically related forms of search. Specifically, we examine the influence of performance feedback on equity-based external corporate venturing. We then propose that a firm’s entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is a critical contingency when theorizing about how firms respond to attainment discrepancies. Our findings indicate that a firm’s EO is an important contingency when considering behavioral responses to attainment discrepancies.

scholarly journals The social situation affects how we process feedback about our actions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Czeszumski ◽  
Benedikt V. Ehinger ◽  
Basil Wahn ◽  
Peter König
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Process Feedback ◽  
Main Effects

Humans achieve their goals in joint action tasks either by cooperation or competition. In the present study, we investigated the neural processes underpinning error and monetary rewards processing in such cooperative and competitive situations. We used electroencephalography (EEG) and analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) triggered by feedback in both social situations. 26 dyads performed a joint four-alternative forced choice (4AFC) visual task either cooperatively or competitively. At the end of each trial, participants received performance feedback about their individual and joint errors and accompanying monetary rewards. Furthermore, the outcome, i.e. resulting positive, negative or neutral rewards, was dependent on the pay-off matrix, defining the social situation either as cooperative or competitive. We used linear mixed effects models to analyze the feedback-related-negativity (FRN) and used the Thresholdfree cluster enhancement (TFCE) method to explore activations of all electrodes and times. We found main effects of the outcome and social situation at mid-line frontal electrodes. The FRN was more negative for losses than wins in both social situations. However, the FRN amplitudes differed between social situations. Moreover, we compared monetary with neutral outcomes in both social situations. Our exploratory TFCE analysis revealed that processing of feedback differs between cooperative and competitive situations at right temporo-parietal electrodes where the cooperative situation elicited more positive amplitudes. Further, the differences induced by the social situations were stronger in participants with higher scores on a perspective taking test. In sum, our results replicate previous studies about the FRN and extend them by comparing neurophysiological responses to positive and negative outcomes in a task that simultaneously engages two participants in competitive and cooperative situations.

scholarly journals Learning from Digital Failures? The Effectiveness of Firms’ Divestiture and Management Turnover Responses to Data Breaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
GuiDeng Say ◽  
Gurneeta Vasudeva
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Management Turnover ◽  
Data Breaches ◽  
Top Management Turnover ◽  
Personally Identifiable Information ◽  
Failure Experience

We examine whether firms learn from digital technology failures in the form of data breach events, based on the effectiveness of their failure responses. We argue that firms experiencing such technological failures interpret them broadly as organizational problems, and undertake unrelated divestitures and top management turnover to achieve better standardization and to remove dysfunctional routines. We test our hypotheses on unrelated subsidiary divestitures and chief technology officer (CTO) turnovers undertaken by 8,760 publicly traded U.S. firms that were at risk of experiencing data breaches involving the loss of personally identifiable information during the period 2005–2016. We find that data breaches significantly increase the hazard of unrelated divestitures and CTO turnover, and that these failure responses are sensitive to firms’ aspiration-performance feedback. However, whereas unrelated divestitures reduce the reoccurrence of data breaches, CTO turnover has no significant effect. Our findings suggest a corrective role of unrelated divestitures for failure learning, and the symbolic nature of CTO turnover as a failure response. Our study unpacks failure learning that hitherto has been inferred from a firm’s own failure experience and industry-wide failures, and highlights the interplay between the digital and nondigital components of a firm in the understudied context of data breaches.

The effects of self-efficacy, process feedback, and task complexity on escalation of commitment in new product development

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1641-1653
Author(s):  
Beichen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
New Product ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Escalation Of Commitment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Process Feedback ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
And Task

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of self-efficacy, process feedback and task complexity on decisions by managers to continue or discontinue a new product after receiving negative performance feedback. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a classroom experiment design and uses logistic regression and a chi-square test to analyze the data. Findings The findings of this paper show that self-efficacy, process feedback and task complexity have not only main effects but also interactive effects on managers’ go or no-go decisions; further, the main effects are mediated by interactions. The effect of self-efficacy is moderated by process feedback and task complexity. Process feedback and task complexity also have an interactive effect on decisions about new products by decision-makers. Research limitations/implications This paper extends the theory of escalation of commitment (EOC) by showing that self-efficacy, process feedback and task complexity can influence decision-makers’ go or no-go decisions after they have received negative performance feedback. Practical implications This paper provides useful guidelines for managers on how to reduce the likelihood of EOC. Originality/value The originality and value of this paper lie in its being the first to examine the effects of process feedback and task complexity on the EOC.

scholarly journals How do people respond to health news? The role of personality traits

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara J Weston ◽  
Joshua Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health News ◽  
Health Events ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
Main Effects

When a patient receives a health diagnosis, their response (e.g., changes in behavior, seeking support) can have significant consequences for long-term health and well-being. Characteristics of health news are known to influence these responses, but personality traits have been omitted from this line of research. The current study examines the role of personality traits in predicting response to health news. Participants (N = 298) read scenarios in which they received health news that was manipulated to vary in severity, controllability and likelihood of outcomes. Participants then rated how likely they were to engage in a number of response behaviors. We examined the main effects and interaction of situational manipulations and personality traits on ratings of these behaviors. Both situations and personality traits influenced behavioral responses to health events. In particular, conscientiousness predicted Taking Action and Seeking Social Support. Neuroticism predicted both maladaptive and adaptive behavioral responses, providing support for the “healthy neurotic” hypothesis. Moreover, personality traits predicted best in weak (unlikely, controllable) situations. Both personality traits and situational characteristics contribute to behavioral responses to health news.

Subject-Controlled Performance Feedback and Learning of a Closed Motor Skill

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Janelle ◽  
Jingu Kim ◽  
Robert N. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Optimal Schedule ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knowledge Of Results ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Main Effects

Research on knowledge of results and knowledge of performance has been directed toward identification of the optimal schedule for administering feedback. The purpose of this investigation was to assess whether a schedule based on performance feedback controlled by the learner would be a more effective means of delivering feedback than any predetermined or random schedule. Participants were randomly assigned to one of five conditions: (a) control group receiving no performance feedback, (b) 50% relative performance feedback, (c) summary performance feedback, (d) subject-controlled performance feedback, and (e) yoked control group. Data were collected during an acquisition phase (four blocks of 10 trials) and a retention phase (two blocks of 10 trials) in which subjects performed an underhand ball toss. Repeated-measures analyses indicated significant main effects for the absolute error (AE). Participants in the subject-controlled performance feedback condition performed significantly better on both retention trials than the other groups. Analysis suggests that a feedback schedule which is controlled by the learner may be a more effective means of delivering augmented feedback than other schedules which have been examined.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

A Clinical Study of Twenty-seven Children Exhibiting Functional Hearing Loss

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. McCanna ◽  
Giacinto DeLapa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Upper Elementary ◽  
Elementary Grades ◽  
Ability Level ◽  
Hearing Problem

This report reviews 27 cases of children exhibiting functional hearing loss. The study reveals that most students were in the upper elementary grades and were predominantly females. These subjects were functioning below their ability level in school and were usually in conflict with school, home, or peers. Tests used were selected on the basis of their helping to provide early identification. The subjects' oral and behavioral responses are presented, as well as ways of resolving the hearing problem. Some helpful counseling techniques are also presented.

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