Like Mother, Like Child: The Influences of Maternal Attitudes and Behaviors on Weight-Related Health Behaviors in Their Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyu-Lin Chen ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Jill Howie Esquivel ◽  
Catherine A. Chesla

Background: Childhood obesity has become a global health issue, yet little is known about the influence of maternal factors on children’s weight-related health behaviors (dietary habits and physical activity), especially in China. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of maternal factors on children’s eating behaviors and physical activity in Chinese preschool-age children. Method: A cross-sectional study was utilized to describe weight-related health behaviors among preschool-aged children and identify maternal factors that are associated with children’s weight-related health behaviors in China. Mothers completed questionnaires regarding family eating and activity habits, child feeding practices, and maternal self-efficacy regarding their child’s health-related health behaviors. Results: A total of 222 mother–child dyads participated in this study. Maternal health-related behavior and attitudes regarding feeding practices and self-efficacy were associated with children’s health-related behaviors, including eating behaviors and physical and sedentary activities. The influence of maternal behaviors and attitudes were domain specific. Discussion: Improvement of children’s health behaviors, promoting a healthy lifestyle of the mother and self-efficacy, and providing health home environment for the child are critical in obesity prevention. Implications for Practice: Because children’s health is critical to the health of the nation and to global development, understanding the factors related to children’s health-related behaviors is an important first step toward development of tailored, culturally sensitive interventions for promoting a healthy lifestyle and preventing obesity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Jamie A. Cooper ◽  
Michelle vanDellen ◽  
Surabhi Bhutani

Objective: In this study, we investigated self-weighing frequency (SWF) among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and retrospectively (6 months) before the pandemic, and whether SWF was associated with changes in health-related behaviors. Methods: United States adults (N = 1607) completed a health-related questionnaire during COVID-19 and associated shelter-in-place. We categorized respondents into 4 groups of SWF at the time of the pandemic: "Never," "< 1x a week," "1x a week," or "> 1x a week." Results: The proportion of adults never weighing increased during the pandemic (15% to 25%), whereas the proportion of those weighing < 1x week went down (41% to 29%). Higher SWF was significantly associated with changes in energy expenditure including increased total physical activity (PA), lower likelihood of decreases in vigorous, moderate, and walking PA, and a lower likelihood of sitting more. More frequent self-weighing also was associated statistically with lower likelihood of keeping unhealthy eating behaviors the same. Conversely, there was no significant difference in changes in alcohol, caffeine, takeout, fruit or vegetable consumption, and television viewing among SWF groups. Conclusion: SWF decreased during the pandemic in the lower 2 SWF categories. Higher SWF was associated with fewer negative changes in health behaviors, especially related to PA.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S692-S693
Author(s):  
Dongmei Zuo ◽  
Merril D Silverstein

Abstract This study investigates the patterns and consequences of a wide range of health-related behaviors and resources that include health-compromising behaviors, health-promoting behaviors, preventive health behaviors, and health risks coping resources. We aim to identify the empirically-derived subgroups of individuals with unique profiles of health behaviors and resources to determine how subgroup membership predicts health outcomes and medical care utilization four years later. Data derived from 5,067 respondents in the 2010 and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Latent class analysis was used to define classes based on 13 indicators in the 2010 wave, which also provided sociodemographic and health-related covariates. Outcomes were measured over 4 years. Six latent subgroups were identified: “Best Behavior/Resources”, “Low Social Support “, “Low Physical Activity”, “High Substance Abuse”, “Low Preventive Tests”, and “Low Governmental Health Insurance”. Compared with the “Best” group, older adults identified as “Low Physical Activity” and “High Substance Abuse” were found to have higher mortality risks and a lower likelihood of seeing doctors and less nursing home nights; older adults with the lowest level of receiving flu shots, cholesterol and cancer screen test (“Low Preventive Tests”) reported a less likelihood of seeing doctors; respondents in “Low Governmental Health Insurance” subgroup were associated with a lower likelihood of hospital stay and more nursing home nights. Results suggest that distinct groups of older individuals characterized by their health behaviors and resources provide a basis for identifying the high-risk segment of the older population for intervention.


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milla Kaidesoja ◽  
Sari Aaltonen ◽  
Leonie H. Bogl ◽  
Kauko Heikkilä ◽  
Sara Kaartinen ◽  
...  

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to provide a detailed and updated description of the FinnTwin16 (FT16) study and its future directions. The Finnish Twin Cohort comprises three different cohorts: the Older Twin Cohort established in the 1970s and the FinnTwin12 and FT16 initiated in the 1990s. FT16 was initiated in 1991 to identify the genetic and environmental precursors of alcoholism, but later the scope of the project expanded to studying the determinants of various health-related behaviors and diseases in different stages of life. The main areas addressed are alcohol use and its consequences, smoking, physical activity, overall physical health, eating behaviors and eating disorders, weight development, obesity, life satisfaction and personality. To date, five waves of data collection have been completed and the sixth is now planned. Data from the FT16 cohort have contributed to several hundred studies and many substudies, with more detailed phenotyping and collection of omics data completed or underway. FT16 has also contributed to many national and international collaborations.


Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna M. Burke ◽  
Leigh M. Vanderloo ◽  
Anca Gaston ◽  
Erin S. Pearson ◽  
Patricia Tucker

Abstract. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is a global public health concern. Numerous experts have noted that comprehensive treatment methods are required to address this complex condition. The Children’s Health and Activity Modification Program (C.H.A.M.P.), a 4-week intervention delivered in a unique camp-based format, was developed for children with obesity and their families using a multidisciplinary approach. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the short- (i.e., 1-week post-intervention) and longer-term (i.e., 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-intervention) effects of C.H.A.M.P. on children’s self-reported: (a) task and barrier self-efficacy; and (b) home-based physical activity. A secondary purpose was to determine whether task and/or barrier self-efficacy served as predictors of self-reported home-based physical activity at any of these time points. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C; Crocker, Bailey, Faulkner, Kowalski, & McGrath, 1997) was used to assess self-reported home-based physical activity and modified versions of the Self-Efficacy Scale and Barrier Efficacy Scale (McAuley & Mihalko, 1998) were administered to children to assess task and barrier self-efficacy, respectively. Forty participants (36 different children) completed Year 1 (n = 15; Mage = 10.6; 53% female) and/or Year 2 (n = 25; Mage = 10.6; 56% female) of the program. Results showed that participation in C.H.A.M.P. was associated with significant increases in task and barrier self-efficacy from pre- to post-intervention, after which mean values remained significantly higher than baseline at the 3- and 6-month follow-up assessments. No significant changes were observed from baseline to any of the post-intervention time points for home-based physical activity. Linear regression analysis revealed that task and barrier self-efficacy explained between 18% and 34% of the variance in self-reported home-based physical activity scores. While task self-efficacy contributed more towards the prediction of home-based activity at baseline, 1-week post-intervention, and 3-months post-intervention, barrier self-efficacy emerged as the predominant predictor at 6- and 12-months post-intervention. These results suggest that efficacious beliefs to be physically active and to overcome physical activity-related barriers may be important in the prediction of self-reported home-based physical activity in children with obesity. Taken together, the current findings also emphasize the importance of targeting self-efficacy as a first step towards increasing physical activity in this young population.Resumen. La creciente prevalencia de la obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública mundial. Numerosos expertos han señalado que se requieren métodos de tratamiento integral para hacer frente a esta condición compleja. El programa de modificación de la salud y la actividad en niños (CHAMP), una intervención de 4 semanas diseñada en un formato único de tipo campamento, fue desarrollado para niños con obesidad y sus familias mediante un enfoque multidisciplinario. El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar a corto plazo (es decir, 1 semana después de la intervención) y a largo plazo (es decir, 3, 6, y 12 meses después de la intervención) los efectos de CHAMP en la percepción subjetiva de los niños: (a) la autoeficacia en la tarea y en la barrera; y (b) la actividad física en el entorno familiar. Un objetivo secundario fue determinar si la autoeficacia en la tarea y/o barrera sirvió como predictores de la actividad física auto-reportada en el entorno familiar en cualquiera de estos puntos en el  tiempo. El cuestionario de actividad física para niños mayores (PAQ-C; Crocker, Bailey, Faulkner, Kowalski, y McGrath, 1997) se utilizó para evaluar la actividad física auto-reportada en el contexto familiar y versiones modificadas de la escala de autoeficacia y la escala de eficacia de la barrera (McAuley y Mihalko, 1998) se administraron a los niños para evaluar la autoeficacia de tarea y relativa a las barreras, respectivamente. Cuarenta participantes (36 niños diferentes) completaron el año 1 (n = 15; Medad = 10,6; 53% chicas) y el año 2 (n = 25; Medad = 10,6; 56% chicas) del programa. Los resultados mostraron que la participación en C.H.A.M.P. se asoció con aumentos significativos en la autoeficacia de la tarea y la barrera en la pre y post-intervención, después de que los valores medios se mantuvieron significativamente más altos que en la línea base en las evaluaciones de seguimiento a los 3 y 6 meses. No se observaron cambios significativos desde el inicio hasta cualquiera de los puntos en el tiempo posteriores a la intervención para la actividad física en el entorno familiar. El análisis de regresión lineal reveló que la autoeficacia de tarea y de barrera explica entre el 18% y el 34% de la varianza en las puntuaciones de actividad física auto-reportada en el entorno familiar. Mientras la autoeficacia en la tarea contribuyó más a la predicción de la actividad física en el entorno familiar al inicio del estudio, la primera semana después de la intervención, y 3 meses después de la intervención, la autoeficacia en la barrera surgió como el factor de predicción predominante a los 6 y 12 meses después  de la intervención. Estos resultados sugieren que las creencias eficaces para ser físicamente activo y para superar las barreras relacionadas con la actividad física son importantes en la predicción de la actividad física auto-reportada en el contexto familiar en niños con obesidad. En conjunto, los hallazgos actuales también hacen hincapié en la importancia de actuar sobre la autoeficacia como un primer paso hacia el aumento de la actividad física en esta población joven


Author(s):  
Paul W. Franks ◽  
Helen C. Looker

Chapter 26 investigates the mechanisms that underlie children’s health-related behaviours and the way in which physical activity interacts with genetic factors, which may help improve our understanding of how and why children become obese and develop cardiovascular risk factors, how these children should be treated, and ultimately how the development of cardiovascular risk in childhood can be prevented.


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