Childhood Overweight and Obesity is Increasing in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Al Yazeedi ◽  
Diane C. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Behavior ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Obesity Risk Factors

Introduction: A review was conducted to examine the prevalence and risk factors of developing overweight and obesity in children residing in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Method: PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases using PRISMA guidelines were searched from January 1, 2007, to January 1, 2017. The inclusion criteria were (a) studies written in English, (b) clinical trials that examined risk factors of childhood overweight or obesity, (c) studies involving children 5 to 10 years of age, and (d) studies conducted in GCC countries. Results: Three main types of childhood obesity risk factors were identified (individual, familial, and lifestyle behavioral factors). The dietary, physical activity, and screen time lifestyle behavior risk factor findings were inconclusive. Discussion: Childhood obesity is increasing in GCC countries. Lifestyle behavior risk factors are still unclear. Researchers need to use instruments that have been psychometric tested and culturally acceptable. A follow-up review should be conducted.

scholarly journals Significant Decrease in Childhood Obesity and Waist Circumference over 15 Years in Switzerland: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli ◽  
Ester Osuna ◽  
Zuzana Sarnovská ◽  
Michael B. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
The Past

Despite a global increase in childhood obesity over the past decades, several countries, including Switzerland, have recently reported stabilizing trends. Using national data from school-aged children in Switzerland over the past 16 years, our study aim was to assess changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, central adiposity and predictors of obesity related to lifestyle and parental factors. Nationally representative samples of children aged 6–12 years were studied in 2002 (n = 2493), 2007 (n = 2218), 2012 (n = 2963), and 2017/18 (n = 2279). Height and weight, waist circumference, and multiple skinfold thicknesses were measured. Potential risk factors for overweight and obesity were determined using a self-administered questionnaire in 2017/18, collecting data on diet, physical activity, and parental factors. Prevalence (95% CI) of overweight (incl. obesity) and obesity in 2017/18 was 15.9% (14.4–17.4) and 5.3% (4.5–6.3), respectively. Binary logistic regression revealed a small but significant decrease in the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) since 2002 (OR (95% CI) = 0.988 (0.978–0.997)), while the change in obesity alone was not significant. The most important risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity in 2017/18 were low parental education, non-Swiss origin of the parents, low physical activity of the child, and male sex. In conclusion, we have shown a small but significant declining trend in the childhood overweight/obesity prevalence over the past 15 years in Switzerland. Based on the risk factor analysis, preventive action in schoolchildren might be most effective in boys, migrant populations, and families with lower education, and should emphasize physical activity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of obesity among higher secondary school students in urban and rural schools of North Kerala

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1851
Author(s):  
Urmila K. V. ◽  
Divya Krishnan K. ◽  
. Sudakaran ◽  
Muralikrishnan Nambiar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity have become an important public health problem. Life style approach is required, and requires political and social commitment in addition to medical management. We investigated the prevalence of obesity and the association with risk factors relating to physical activities, in higher secondary school children of government and private schools.Methods: In 2015, we surveyed higher secondary students in North Kerala both in government and private sector schools. We measured height, weight and plotted Body mass Index on CDC (Child Developement Centre) charts. Factors affecting obesity like physical and sedentary activities (using Bharathy et al questionnaire) and school-based risk factors were also studied.Results: Multivariate logistic regression was done to evaluate the significance of these risk factors for overweight and obesity. On the basis of measurements taken in 496 higher secondary school students, the estimated provincial prevalence of overweight was found to be 7%, obesity 3% and malnutrition 18%. Children who studied in private school was found to have increased risk of overweight p=0.02 with odds ratio (OR of 2.97 95% confidence interval CI 1.27-6.97), whereas those who went to school by walking were at decreased risk (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.16-6.65). Students involved in house hold chores for 4hours or more a week were associated with a decreased risk of overweight (OR 3.96, 95% CI 1.42-11.07) and those with less activity were at increased risk for obesity (OR 6.61, 95% CI 1.91-22.84).Conclusions: Home and schools provide important opportunities for public health initiatives for reducing childhood overweight and obesity. Children in private schools coming from higher socio-economic background are being less physically active and has thus susceptible to obesity and its consequences.

scholarly journals Childhood Obesity: Risk Factors and Preventive Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Common People ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Obesity Risk Factors

The obesity epidemic has grown worldwide in both the developed and developing countries. We are the “present” of the era with ever increasing growth of obesity; the coming generation is our “future”. Future of obesity largely depends on how we are handling it in present. Overweight and obesity prevailing in children has multiple causes from genetic factor, hormonal imbalance to environmental factors, lifestyle preferences and cultural practice. Keeping apart the hormonal, genetic and any physiological causes of obesity which are not in direct control, the remaining factors such as lifestyle, environment and cultural background which can be modulate to help eliminating percentage of existing and future obesity. Evidences have suggested that the major cause of obesity is imbalance between food habits and physical activity. Additional factors as per the recent researches show that excessive use of smart phones has increased the overweight issues and also increases the anxiety among the user. Childhood obesity has maximum chances to develop into adulthood obesity. Therefore, to eradicate the future obesity, there is need to increase the awareness of do's & don'ts to prevent obesity and also the educate common people to know about the pros & cons of obesity. This paper is inclined towards the various risk factors of childhood obesity, and also pointing some preventive and educational measure to avoid obesity in the future.

scholarly journals Campbelltown – Changing our Future: study protocol for a whole of system approach to childhood obesity in South Western Sydney

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Maitland ◽  
Mandy Williams ◽  
Bin Jalaludin ◽  
Steven Allender ◽  
Claudia Strugnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Key Stakeholders

Abstract Background In Australia, around 67% of adults and 25% of children (5–17 years) are currently overweight or obese (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 4364.0.55.001 - National Health Survey: First Results, 2017–18, 2018). The Campbelltown – Changing our Future study will translate ‘a whole of system’ approach, previously trialed in rural communities in Victoria and the Australian Capital Territoty, to Campbelltown Local Government Area (LGA), a socioeconomically and ethnically diverse urban community in south western Sydney, NSW. Methods The study intervention will use a five-step approach; 1 – set up a childhood obesity monitoring system by collecting baseline data from children in primary schools across Campbelltown LGA to give a local context to the community when developing the systems map; 2 - key stakeholders develop systems maps which inform the development of the interventions; 3 - key stakeholders and community groups identify priority areas for action and form working groups; 4 - implementation of the interventions; 5 - evaluation of the interventions. The study will adopt a longitudinal pre/post design with repeated measures at baseline, 2 years and 4 years. Both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used to collect and analyse the data. Discussion Addressing childhood overweight and obesity is complex and requires a multifaceted intervention. This approach has the capacity to impact a range of factors that influence childhood overweight and obesity utilising existing capacity of multiple partners with broad community reach. Findings will develop local responses which capture the complexity of obesity at a community level and further our understanding of the interrelationships and relative importance of local factors impacting childhood overweight and obesity. This study aims to provide evidence for systems methods and approaches suitable for adaption and scaling and may provide evidence of successful community intervention elements.

scholarly journals Risk factors for childhood overweight and obesity in Ukraine and Germany

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vira Yakovenko ◽  
Laura Henn ◽  
Markus Bettendorf ◽  
Natalia Zelinska ◽  
Galyna Soloviova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Ukraine and Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Vira Yakovenko ◽  
Laura Henn ◽  
Markus Bettendorf ◽  
Natalia Zelinska ◽  
Galyna Soloviova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

scholarly journals Childhood overweight and obesity – analysis of the risk factors, including the patient’s family’s lifestyle, based on research results collected from two academic centres in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Tomasz Machałowski ◽  
Justyna Młyńczyk ◽  
Malwina Piskozub ◽  
Karolina Niedzielska ◽  
Elżbieta Krzywińska-Zdeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

scholarly journals Key informants’ perspectives on childhood obesity in Vietnam: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuyen Nguyen ◽  
Tiffany Trat ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Tieu ◽  
Linda Vu ◽  
Karen Sokal-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

Abstract Background: Vietnam’s postwar globalization, economic development, and urbanization have contributed to a nutrition transition from traditional diets to highly-processed diets, and increased prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. There is a need to understand the attitudes and behaviors driving this epidemic. Methods: This qualitative study focused on the perspectives and practices of Vietnamese parents, schoolteachers and doctors. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of twelve regarding the historical, social, and cultural influences contributing to childhood overweight and obesity. Audio-recorded interviews were translated and transcribed, then analyzed using modified ground theory to identify themes and representative quotes. Results: Five themes were identified: 1) Change in diet between generations, 2) Preference for rounder children, 3) Unhealthy feeding practices, 4) Reduced physical activity, and 5) Increasing awareness of childhood obesity. A conceptual map detailed the shift from wartime to postwar economic environment and psycho-social context for raising children to be large, safe and academically-successful. Conclusion: We found globalization, urbanization and economic development—in the context of historical, social and cultural attitudes—may contribute to increasing child obesity in Vietnam. Reduction through public health and educational institutions should involve policies and programs for healthy eating and exercise, tailored to address parental figures’ concerns.

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