Examining the Relationship Between Media Consumption, Fear of Crime, and Support for Controversial Criminal Justice Policies Using a Nationally Representative Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Dolliver ◽  
Jennifer L. Kenney ◽  
Lesley Williams Reid ◽  
Ariane Prohaska
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Three Strikes ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
The Relationship

According to cultivation theory, higher levels of crime-based media consumption result in an increased fear of crime. This study extends cultivation theory’s basic assertion by (a) creating a robust measure of media consumption based on three different factors and 38 original questions, (b) examining the direct and indirect effects of media consumption and fear of crime on support of criminal justice policies, and (c) using a nationwide sample. Using a sample of 1,311 participants, a combination of principal components analysis and structural equation modeling was used to examine these relationships. The results support the usefulness of a four-factor measure of media consumption in relationship to fear of crime. Results also reveal that fear of crime amplifies the effect of media consumption in creating support for three-strikes, death penalty, stand your ground, and open carry laws.

Tying Knots With Communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Il Kim ◽  
Sung Joon Jang ◽  
Byron R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
American Adult ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Using data from a nationally representative sample of American adult males ( N = 2,512), this study examines (a) whether duration of membership in the Boy Scouts of America is associated with adult civic engagement and (b) whether five characteristics of positive youth development (confidence, competence, connection, character, and caring) account for the relationship between duration of Scouting membership and adult civic engagement. The results from structural equation modeling indicate that duration of participation in Scouting is positively associated with four indicators of civic engagement: community involvement, community volunteering, community activism, and environmental activism. Among the five positive characteristics, confidence and competence were found to fully mediate the effects of Scouting on all four types of civic engagement, whereas the other three only to partly mediate the effects.

Examining Television Consumers of Mixed Martial Arts: The Relationship Among Risk Taking, Emotion, Attitude, and Actual Sport-Media-Consumption Behavior

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choong Hoon Lim ◽  
Tywan G. Martin ◽  
Dae Hee Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Sport Media ◽  
The Relationship

The current study employs the hedonic paradigm model (Hirschman & Holbrook, 1982) to investigate the interceding function of emotions on the relationship between personality (i.e., risk taking) and attitude toward mixed martial arts. This study also examines sport-media (e.g., television) consumption of a nontraditional sport. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the proposed model incorporating risk taking, pleasure, arousal, attitude, and actual consumption behavior. The study found a significant mediation effect of emotion (pleasure and arousal) in the relationship between risk taking and attitude. In addition, attitude showed a direct and significant influence on actual media-consumption behavior. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed, along with future directions for research.

Motivations for Adolescent Physical Activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Litt ◽  
Ronald J. Iannotti ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health Need ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Motivating adolescents to maintain levels of physical activity (PA) is important because regular PA in adolescence contributes to physical, psychological, and social well-being and PA during adolescence has been associated with activity levels in adulthood.Purpose:The overall aim of this study is to validate a measure of external reward, health values, and personal interest motivations for adolescent PA developed by Wold and Kannas and to examine the relationship between these motivations and level of PA.Methods:A nationally representative sample of 9011 adolescents completed the Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey instrument. Ten items were used to measure PA motivations. Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to test the 3-factor structure of the motivation scale and to examine the relationship between the 3 motivations and PA.Results:The Wold and Kannas’s motivation measure assessed external, social, and health motivations which predicted PA in adolescents.Conclusions:The Wold and Kannas’s motivation measure is suitable for assessing motivations for PA in US adolescents and may contribute to both theoretical and intervention studies that address this public health need.

Assessing the Relationships Between Past Victimization, Perceived Risk of Future Victimization, and Controversial Criminal Justice Policies Using Structural Equation Modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 088740342110182
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Dolliver ◽  
Jennifer L. Kenney ◽  
Lesley Williams Reid
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Strikes

Several decades of research show a strong relationship between past victimization and perceived risk of future victimization. Yet, few studies have explored the potential connection to individuals’ support for criminal justice policies. The purpose of this study is to better understand the relationships between past victimization, perception of risk for future victimization, and support for several criminal justice policies (e.g., stand your ground, open carry, three strikes, and the death penalty). Through structural equation modeling, the researchers examined relationships between these latent variables. Having both a history of victimization and a belief in the risk of future victimization increased one’s support for punitive and self-protective policies. Implications for future research and potential policies and services for victims/survivors are discussed.

Childhood Intelligence Predicts Adult Trait Openness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Helen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Abstract. This study used a longitudinal data set of 5,672 adults followed for 50 years to determine the factors that influence adult trait Openness-to-Experience. In a large, nationally representative sample in the UK (the National Child Development Study), data were collected at birth, in childhood (age 11), adolescence (age 16), and adulthood (ages 33, 42, and 50) to examine the effects of family social background, childhood intelligence, school motivation during adolescence, education, and occupation on the personality trait Openness assessed at age 50 years. Structural equation modeling showed that parental social status, childhood intelligence, school motivation, education, and occupation all had modest, but direct, effects on trait Openness, among which childhood intelligence was the strongest predictor. Gender was not significantly associated with trait Openness. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

Being Drunk to Have Fun or to Forget Problems?

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kuntsche ◽  
Ronald Knibbe ◽  
Rutger Engels ◽  
Gerhard Gmel
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Risky Single Occasion Drinking

Prevention programs in adolescence are particularly effective if they target homogeneous risk groups of adolescents who share a combination of particular needs and problems. The present work aims to identify and classify risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) adolescents according to their motivation to engage in drinking. An easy-to-use coding procedure was developed. It was validated by means of cluster analyses and structural equation modeling based on two randomly selected subsamples of a nationally representative sample of 2,449 12- to 18-year-old RSOD students in Switzerland. Results revealed that the coding procedure classified RSOD adolescents as either enhancement drinkers or coping drinkers. The high concordance (Sample A: κ = .88, Sample B: κ = .90) with the results of the cluster analyses demonstrated the convergent validity of the coding classification. The fact that enhancement drinkers in both subsamples were found to go out more frequently in the evenings and to have more satisfactory social relationships, as well as a higher proportion of drinking peers and a lower likelihood to drink at home than coping drinkers demonstrates the concurrent validity of the classification. To conclude, the coding procedure appears to be a valid, reliable, and easy-to-use tool that can help better adapt prevention activities to adolescent risky drinking motives.

Strategy and structure of the hotel industry in Malaysia

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Salleh Mohd Radzi ◽  
Mohamed Amran ◽  
Abdul Razak Aziz ◽  
Azlan Supardi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Strategy And Structure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The major purpose ofthis study was to examine the relationship of strategy and structure. Porter s(/980) strategic typology was utilized to classify hotel firms by strategic orientation; and, an analysis of variance was performed to determine the differences in their performance. Structural Equation Modeling was used to confirm the factors underlying the strategy and structure constructs.

THE IMPACT OF THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ON RESIDENTS’ SELF-RATED HEALTH: A CASE STUDY IN PENANG, MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Massoomeh Hedayati ◽  
Aldrin Abdullah ◽  
Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

There is continuous debate on the impact of house quality on residents’ health and well-being. Good living environment improves health, and fear of crime is recognised as a mediator in the relationship between physical environment and health. Since minimal studies have investigated the relationship, this study aims to examine the impact of the house quality on fear of crime and health. A total of 230 households from a residential neighbourhood in Malaysia participated in the study. Using structural equation modelling, the findings indicate that housing quality and fear of crime can account for a proportion of the variance in residents’ self-rated health. However, there is no significant relationship between housing quality and fear of crime. Results also show that fear of crime does not mediate the relationship between housing quality and health. This study suggests that the environment-fear relationship should be re-examined theoretically.  

A Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling: Prestige Perception in Tourism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Kayak
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Destination Brand ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intention To Revisit ◽  
Brand Prestige

This study aims to investigate destination brand prestige, and to explore the mediating effects of destination brand worldness between destination brand prestige and intention to revisit. Research is designed to collect primary data from the Taiwanese tourists. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is used to test the effects. The research model is appropriately implemented in Smart PLS 3 and a full mediation has existed through the empirical findings. The study shows how destination brand worldness mediates the relationship between destination brand prestige and intention to revisit.

Analisis Peranan Kepuasan Dan Komitmen Sebagai Perantara Pengaruh Kualitas Jasa Tutorial Online Terhadap Loyalitas Mahasiswa

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Andy Mulyana ◽  
Devi Ayuni
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Online Tutorial ◽  
Student Loyalty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to evaluate the role of satisfaction and commitment as mediating the effect of service quality on student loyalty as the user of Open University's Online Tutorial. Based on data analysis on student of Management program 229 as respondents with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), this study found the relationship between: (1) positive influence of service quality to satisfaction and loyalty of students using tuton; (2) the positive effect of satisfaction on student loyalty using tuton; (3) satisfaction is a mediator between service quality and loyalty of students using tuton. Conversely, commitment has no positive effect on student loyalty as a tuton user. In addition, commitment does not mediates the effect of satisfaction on the loyalty of tuton users. Keywords: service quality, satisfaction, commitment, loyalty

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