See You in Court! How to Avoid IDEA Transition–Related Mediations and Due Process Hearings

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Gary Greene ◽  
Leena Jo Landmark

School compliance with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) transition services language requirements in this country has been an issue of concern to parents of students with disabilities as well as special education attorneys and advocates for quite some time. Evidence exists in special education case law about court rulings regarding poor transition programming and services provided by school districts to students with disabilities. The purpose of this article is to review literature on these legal cases, describe a small-scale study that investigated the most common transition-related issues mediated by special education attorneys in the state of California, and make recommendations to public school districts on how to avoid transition-related legal disputes on the IDEA transition services language requirements.

2021 ◽  
pp. 104420732110231
Author(s):  
Susan Larson Etscheidt ◽  
Stephanie L. Schmitz ◽  
Andi M. Edmister

Family and professional collaboration is beneficial to students, families, and educators. The importance of such collaboration was recognized for families of students with disabilities, resulting in provisions in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) which ensure parental participation in educational planning. Despite the benefits of family and professional collaboration and IDEA mandate, many parents disagree with the educational planning decisions provided to their children and request due process hearings. Parents perceive a lack of opportunity to provide input and/or to disagree with schools’ perspectives. Parents of early childhood students report significant concerns about their child’s readiness for the transition to kindergarten and their limited role in transition planning as their children prepared to enter preschool programs. The purpose of this article was to examine the issues identified in parental complaints in early childhood special education (ECSE) through a qualitative content analysis of recent court cases. The results revealed six themes related to current issues in ECSE programs. We conclude with several recommendations for state policy makers to improve services in ECSE based on the DEC Recommended Practices.


2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Stephen A Rosenbaum

In this essay, disability practitioner and scholar Stephen Rosenbaum proposes a radical change in the United States administrative adversarial adjudicatory process for resolution of “special” education disputes between educators and students with disabilities, looking for inspiration in part to Canada and the Commonwealth’s use of an inquisitorial approach. Typically, the dispute is over whether the students—termed “les enfants en difficulté” in French-speaking Canada—are receiving an appropriate array of instructional interventions and services. Adversarial adjudication has had many critics over the years. Asking a judge to weigh the parent (or student’s) preferred options under the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] against those of the school administration may not be the optimal method for designating a pupil’s educational program—nor a good use of time and money.  The author’s blueprint calls for replacing the IDEA due process hearing with another model in instances where the family and school authorities disagree about the components of a student’s instructional program. Under current law, the hearing is typically conducted by an administrative jurist in which the parties present evidence, expert testimony and argument, if they have been unable to resolve their disagreement at a school-based team meeting, mediation or some other informal conference. In the proposal presented here, disagreements would instead be reviewed by a “special master” whose expertise is in education or disability rather than law. Through a process of problem-solving or “active adjudication,” the master (or “independent educational reviewer”) would attempt to quickly resolve the dispute over appropriate placement, instructional strategies and/or services. The master could hold a conference, conduct a hearing or brief investigation, receive more documents, consult with experts or correspond in some other mode with the parties. The master’s determination would be subject to judicial review in limited circumstances. Dans le présent essai, Stephen Rosenbaum, avocat et universitaire spécialisé en matière d’éducation et de la situation de handicap, s’inspire en partie de l’approche inquisitoire suivie au Canada et au Commonwealth pour proposer une modification radicale du processus contradictoire qu’utilisent les instances administratives américaines pour résoudre les différends opposant les éducateurs et les élèves avec les incapacités intellectuelles ou psycho-sociales. Habituellement, le différend porte sur la question de savoir si les élèves, appelés « les enfants en difficulté » dans le Canada francophone, reçoivent un éventail approprié de services d’aide et d’intervention en matière d’éducation. Le processus contradictoire a été décrié à maintes reprises au fil des années. Demander au juge de soupeser les options que privilégient les parents (ou les élèves) en application de la loi des États-Unis intitulée Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [IDEA] par rapport à celles de l’administration scolaire n’est peut-être pas la meilleure façon de procéder pour élaborer le programme d’éducation d’un élève, et ne représente pas non plus une bonne utilisation des ressources.L’auteur propose de remplacer l’audience équitable prévue par l’IDEA par un autre processus dans les cas où la famille et les autorités scolaires ne s’entendent pas sur le contenu du programme d’éducation d’un élève. Selon la loi actuellement en vigueur, l’audience est habituellement conduite par un juriste administratif devant lequel les parties présentent des éléments de preuve, des témoignages d’expert et des arguments, si elles ont été incapables de régler leur différend lors d’une rencontre, d’une séance de médiation ou d’une autre conférence informelle avec une équipe pluridisciplinaire de l’école. Dans le modèle proposé ici, les désaccords seraient plutôt examinés par un « special master » (conseiller spécial) qui serait spécialisé en matière d’éducation ou de la situation de handicap plutôt qu’en droit. Dans le cadre d’un processus axé sur la résolution de problèmes ou sur l’« arbitrage actif », le conseiller (ou l’« examinateur pédagogique indépendant ») s’efforcerait de régler rapidement le différend au sujet du placement ou des services ou stratégies pédagogiques qui conviennent. Le conseiller pourrait tenir une conférence, conduire une audience ou une brève enquête, recevoir d’autres documents, consulter des experts ou correspondre d’une autre manière avec les parties. La décision du conseiller serait susceptible de contrôle judiciaire dans des circonstances restreintes.


1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Love ◽  
Ida M. Malian

The Arizona Follow-along Project assessed the impact of special education on the education and postschool outcomes of students with disabilities who had exited from special education services. Using the Oregon follow-along method with a computer-assisted telephone interview and data analysis technique resulted in a system-wide approach to interviewing students, parents, and teachers of individuals who had left special education. The results of the students' first year out of high school are reported in this article, and implications for educational programming and transition services are discussed. Statewide system changes in policies and procedures are recommended in light of the transition services mandates specified in the individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990.


2021 ◽  
pp. 003804072110133
Author(s):  
Catherine Kramarczuk Voulgarides ◽  
Alexandra Aylward ◽  
Adai Tefera ◽  
Alfredo J. Artiles ◽  
Sarah L. Alvarado ◽  
...  

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ([IDEA] 2004; IDEA Amendments 1997) is a civil rights–based law designed to protect the rights of students with disabilities in U.S. schools. However, decades after the initial passage of IDEA, racial inequity in special education classifications, placements, and suspensions are evident. In this article, we focus on understanding how racial discipline disparities in special education outcomes relate to IDEA remedies designed to address problem behaviors. We qualitatively examine how educators interpret and respond to citations for racial discipline disproportionality via IDEA at both the district and the school level in a suburban locale. We find that educators interpret the inequity in ways that neutralize the racialized implications of the citation, which in turn affects how they respond to the citation. These interpretations contribute to symbolic and race-evasive IDEA compliance responses. The resulting bureaucratic and organizational structures associated with IDEA implementation become a mechanism through which the visibility of race and racialization processes are erased and muted through acts of policy compliance. Thus, the logic of compliance surrounding IDEA administration serves as a reproductive social force that sustains practices that do not disrupt locally occurring racialized inequities.


2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Tate

This article reviews court decisions and compliance issues of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1997, that impact rural public school special education programs. IDEA funding, alternative placement options, and qualitative standard requirements. Select elements of the IDEA 1997 Amendments are of particular importance to rural schools. Those elements are funding compliance requirements, changes in the identification and evaluation of eligible students with disabilities, and the qualitative standards required for providing special education and related services. Rural schools do not receive special compliance exemptions under the IDEA. The article presents court decisions in which litigation has produced guidelines for school administrators regarding use of resources, accommodations, modifications, and qualitative standards in rural special education programs.


Author(s):  
Michael L. Hardman ◽  
John McDonnell ◽  
Marshall Welch

Since its original passage in 1975 as Public Law 94-142, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has been the cornerstone of practice in special education. This federal law has enabled all eligible students with disabilities to access a free and appropriate public education. During the past 2 years, the 104th Congress has debated vigorously some of the law's basic tenets (e.g., definition of disability, content of the individualized education plan [IEP], parental rights to attorneys, fees, discipline, and placement). The basic requirements of the law remain intact and continue to shape the scope and content of special education. This article addresses whether or not the assumptions upon which IDEA is based remain valid as we approach the 21st century. We critique these assumptions within the context of four requirements of IDEA: (a) eligibility and labeling, (b) free and appropriate public education, (c) the individualized education program (IEP), and (d) the least restrictive environment. Recommendations for changes in existing law relative to each of the above requirements are presented.


2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. DeMatthews ◽  
David S. Knight

State accountability systems have been a primary school reform initiative in the U.S. for the past twenty years, but often produce unintended negative consequences. In 2004, the Texas Education Agency (TEA) implemented the Performance Based Monitoring and Analysis System (PBMAS) which included an accountability indicator focused on the percentage of students found eligible for special education under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the nation’s special education law. From 2004 through 2016, the percentage of students found eligible for special education in Texas declined significantly, while the national rate held constant. Eventually, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) investigated TEA and the statewide implementation of IDEA. The purpose of this study is two-fold: (a) to evaluate the potential impact of the the PBMAS indicator on manipulation of special education identification practices; and (b) to describe how the indicator may have influenced school and district personnel. We highlight several concerning trends in state and district data and, through an analysis of publicly available reports from the ED, show how district and school personnel knowingly and unknowingly acted in ways that delayed and denied special education to potentially eligible students. We conclude with recommendations for TEA and implications for future research and policy.


2020 ◽  
pp. 104420732093481
Author(s):  
Leanna Stiefel ◽  
Michael Gottfried ◽  
Menbere Shiferaw ◽  
Amy Schwartz

In this study, we assess changes in the education of students with disabilities (SWDs) in the nation’s largest school district, New York City (NYC), over the decade 2005–2015. Specifically, we examine progress toward the twin legislative goals of both the federal Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA) and NYC district goals of (a) including SWDs in general education settings and (b) improving their academic performance. We find that the inclusion of SWDs with their general education peers (GENs) has increased in elementary and middle schools, but decreased in high school. Furthermore, although more SWDs are completing high school, their graduation rate remains considerably below that of GENs (50% vs. 80%). In assessing these patterns, we provide empirical evidence of the changing context of education in NYC before, during, and after policy changes that affected special education.


1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell L. Yell ◽  
David Rogers ◽  
Elisabeth Lodge Rogers

ABSTRACT Children and youth with disabilities have historically received unequal treatment in the public education system. In the early 20th century, the enactment of compulsory attendance laws in the states began to change the educational opportunities for these students. Opportunities for admittance to public schools were greater, but many students nevertheless did not receive an effective or appropriate education. Beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s, parents and advocates for students with disabilities began to use the courts in an attempt to force states to provide an equal educational opportunity for these students. These efforts were very successful and eventually led to the passage of federal legislation to ensure these rights. The purpose of this article is to examine the legal history of special education. We will examine these early efforts to ensure a free appropriate education for students with disabilities up to and including the enactment of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997.


2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Suk ◽  
James E. Martin ◽  
Amber E. McConnell ◽  
Tiffany L. Biles

Individuals With Disabilities Education Act 2004 mandates transition planning for students with disabilities begin by the age of 16 years. Currently, no study exists describing when states and territories require transition planning to begin; we conducted a methodical review to determine this age. We found over half (52%) the U.S. states and territories (29 of 56) require transition planning begin prior to the federal age 16 mandate. To argue the age 16 federal mandate is too old and needs to be lowered to at least age 14, we review special education law, provide a summary of influential position statements, cite relevant data-based studies, and provide an overview of research-based transition models.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document