Facilitation of a Person-Centered Approach in Health Assessment of patients with chronic pain: An Ethnographic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristín Thórarinsdóttir ◽  
Kristján Kristjánsson ◽  
Thóra Jenný Gunnarsdóttir ◽  
Kristín Björnsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Nursing Assessment ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Impact

A phenomenologically derived assessment tool, Hermes, was developed in a rehabilitation setting for adopting the central ideals of person-centered care and patient participation into health-assessment practices in nursing. This focused ethnographic study aimed at exploring the feasibility of using Hermes for enabling the application of these ideals into assessment of patients with chronic pain upon admission to a rehabilitation center. Participants were patients with chronic pain, enrolled in rehabilitation, and their nurses. Data were collected by participant observation and interviews, and analyzed by thematic analysis. By the use of Hermes, the impact of illness was explored through supportive connection and dialogue with open, reflective, and interpretative features; understanding of the illness situation was enhanced; and possibilities provided in adjusting to health issues of concern. In sum, Hermes facilitated person-centered participation of patients with chronic pain in their health assessment and made a phenomenological philosophy usable in nursing-assessment practices.

The Importance of Assessing and Treating Mental Health in Transition-Aged Adolescents with Epilepsy: A 1-Year Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Healy ◽  
Tadeu A. Fantaneanu ◽  
Sharon Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Transition Clinic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMental health issues become especially problematic when adolescents with epilepsy are preparing to transition from pediatric to adult care. Consistent with guidelines, a transition clinic with ongoing mental health assessment was created, providing treatment to patients scoring in the moderate severity range or higher. In order to examine the effectiveness of our epilepsy transition clinic and the impact of mental health in transition-aged adolescents, baseline and one-year follow-up data were compared in 36 participants (M = 15.82 years, 24 males). Results showed that the majority of participants had improved or comparable mental health scores at follow-up. Furthermore, participants who met threshold for mental health treatment had significantly improved mental health (t = 3.19, p = 0.015), while those who did not showed worsened mental health (t =  − 2.50, p = 0.019). Looking specifically at mental health impact, those with worsened mental health showed significantly worsened quality of life (t = 3.35, p = 0.012). Furthermore, those without mental health issues showed improved transition skills (t =  − 3.86, p = 0.002), while those with mental health issues did not. Results suggest that the transition clinic is effective in helping transition-aged adolescents with their mental health. Additionally, findings suggest that addressing these mental health issues are essential to ensuring successful transitions and the best outcomes in these patients.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Sinhala Marriage Alliances: A Study of Panama; Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
M. R. Gunarathne ◽  
K. M. S. Samarasekara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Socioeconomic System ◽  
The Impact

Sri Lankan marriage alliances have manifested a considerable interdependency with the socioeconomic system from the early stages through its history. While sociocultural change is an inherent phenomenon of the evolutionary history of mankind, the traditional Sinhalese marriage system has adapted to the changing socioeconomic forces over the centuries. This study intends to investigate the impact of the current socioeconomic system on modern marriage alliances in Sri Lanka. An analytical ethnographic study was used to execute the research in Panama, drawing upon the study of Nur Yalman, the extraneous anthropologist in 1967. Fifty households were randomly sampled, and a structured interview schedule was employed as the key method of data collection, using non-participant observation and genealogical methods as the subsidiary methods. Both primary and secondary sources were referred to through a mix method in data analysis where both quantitative and qualitative data were used. The findings of the study reveal that, with the passage of time, Sinhalese marriage has undergone a tremendous change in the size of household, age at marriage, process of mate selection, education which leads to labour force, land tenure, caste and the kinship network in Sri Lanka. The research concludes by disclosing that, though the sanctity of Sinhalese marriage is generally affected by socioeconomic change, the shadow of traditional form of marriage alliances can be found in rural Sri Lanka.

Friends as Informal Educators: The Role of Peer Relationships in Promotion of Sexual Health Services among College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110346
Author(s):  
Veena Muraleetharan ◽  
Marie A. Brault
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Informal Educators ◽  
The Impact

This ethnographic study of one United States university’s sexual health resources explores the role of peer relationships in sexual health promotion to understand how these relationships shaped students’ interactions with campus sexual health resources. Through analysis of seventeen semi-structured interviews with students, five policy interviews with providers and university personnel, and participant-observation of peer health educator training, the authors examine how trust in peer relationships can serve as a form of social capital to influence sexual health information sharing. The article introduces the term “peer administrator” to describe student actors who sit at the intersection of friend and official resource and explores the importance of these mentoring relationships for sexual health promotion. The analysis also considers how more individualistic models of public health promotion limit the impact of peer relationships and concludes with a discussion of how universities might imagine new forms of sexual health promotion among students.

scholarly journals Expressions of masculine identity through sports-based reminiscence: An ethnographic study with community-dwelling men with dementia

Dementia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147130122098738
Author(s):  
Cara Sass ◽  
Claire Surr ◽  
Lorena Lozano-Sufrategui
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Creative Non Fiction ◽  
Supportive Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Background Despite increasing numbers of men living in isolation with dementia in the community, uptake of supportive interventions remains low. This may be because of limited availability of activities suited to men’s interests. One organisation reporting higher attendance from men is Sporting Memories, offering inclusive sports-based reminiscence and physical activities for men living with dementia. This study aimed to explore the impact of the Sporting Memories intervention on men living with dementia. Method This study was an ethnography employing techniques of participant observation, informal conversations and semi-structured interviews with group participants. Data were woven into a series of narratives using creative non-fiction, to bring life to the first-hand accounts of participants and experiences within a typical group setting. Findings The groups provided an environment for men with dementia to explore, reflect upon and reinforce their masculine identities through the subject of sport. Physical activities further facilitated this embodied demonstration for some, although this was not a feature of all sessions. Conclusions The content of Sporting Memories group sessions provides a vehicle for men to retain an important aspect of personhood. They also hold the potential to present opportunities for men to feel a sense of value by contributing to sessions in varied ways. Facilitators and volunteers require support and training to ensure this benefit is maintained.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF DIGITAL NATIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-539
Author(s):  
Sohima Anzak ◽  
Aneela Sultana ◽  
Ambreen Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Digital Natives ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
The Impact

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research article is to explore how engagement with digital tools affects the health and social well-being of digital natives. The study aims to look into the facts that how youth are getting benefits from this digitalization and how it is also increasing their exposure to the associated health risks. Methodology: The qualitative research is conducted in three selected universities of Islamabad. Through a closed-ended questionnaire, demographic data about the activities of the youth on digital technology was collected. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation were the core techniques used in the research. Main Findings: Digital natives have improved awareness about health issues and actively educating the digital immigrants to access knowledge about treatments on various health issues at the local and global levels. The research shows that digital youth do realize that these technologies are leaving some bad effects on their health and well-being yet have not been able to get rid of them because their daily life activities are dependent on these tools. Applications of this study: The study will be of great significance for the policymakers, who are handling the rising health issues due to digitalization impact in the society. It will be an addition to the knowledge in the disciplines of Public health, Anthropology, and Psychology besides the medical sector. Data will be used to address the health issues in the coming days by the medical professionals and social scientists. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study has generated the information about the impact of digitalization on youth’s health by using the emic approach. Digital technology has taken up the role of socialization agent for the digital natives. So it is very important to listen to the youth's voices rather than assuming what is best for them. This study is novel in the sense that it is reflecting youth and how they perceive the digital technology as a beneficial tool and how it risks their life in many ways.

scholarly journals An Ethnographic Study of Diabetes: Implications for the Application of Patient Centred Care in Cameroon

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paschal Kum Awah
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Traditional Healing ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Clinical Encounters ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Biomedical Practitioners

Participant observation was conducted to explore the understanding of diabetes and examine the implications of these understandings for providing effective patient centered care in Cameroon. Ethnographic techniques—content and thematic analysis—were used to analyze the data collected from diverse techniques. Most participants distinguished “natural,” “supernatural,” and “man-made” causes of diabetes. Such aetiologies guided the behaviour and approaches adopted for treatment and helped explain why biomedical and traditional healing frameworks could so readily be used in tandem. Clinical encounters are often only one small part of the diabetes care process, alongside recourse to traditional medicine. With rituals, agents causing diabetes are apparently more convincingly explained as powerful reinforcement and a cure promised in traditional medicine. Though it seems “irrational” and dangerous to clinics when patients alternate between therapeutic regimes or pursue both simultaneously, it seems perfectly rational and beneficial to patients and beyond. So long as biomedical practitioners fail to recognize that their patients will probably also have recourse to traditional medicine, they and their services may compound the problems they face for patients to discuss openly how they have been managing their condition.

scholarly journals The Impact of Pain Invisibility on Patient-Centered Care and Empathetic Attitude in Chronic Pain Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Paul-Savoie ◽  
Patricia Bourgault ◽  
Stéphane Potvin ◽  
Emilie Gosselin ◽  
Sylvie Lafrenaye
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Patient Centered Care ◽  
Chronic Pain Management ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pain Patients

Objectives. The use of interdisciplinary patient-centered care (PCC) and empathetic behaviour seems to be a promising avenue to address chronic pain management, but their use in this context seems to be suboptimal. Several patient factors can influence the use of PCC and empathy, but little is known about the impact of pain visibility on these behaviours. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of visible physical signs on caregiver’s patient-centered and empathetic behaviours in chronic pain context. Methods. A convenience sample of 21 nurses and 21 physicians participated in a descriptive study. PCC and empathy were evaluated from self-assessment and observer’s assessment using a video of real patients with chronic pain. Results. The results show that caregivers have demonstrated an intraindividual variability: PCC and empathetic behaviours of the participants were significantly higher for patients who have visible signs of pain (rheumatoid arthritis and complex regional pain syndrome) than for those who have no visible signs (Ehler–Danlos syndrome and fibromyalgia) (p<0.001). Participants who show a greater difference in their patient-centered behaviour according to pain visibility have less clinical experience. Discussion. The pain visibility in chronic pain patients is an important factor contributing to an increased use of PCC and empathy by nurses and physicians, and clinical experience can influence their behaviours. Thus, pain invisibility can be a barrier to quality of care, and these findings reinforce the relevance to educating caregivers to these unconscious biases on their behaviour toward chronic pain patients.

Role of Nutraceuticals in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: A Review in the Indian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Sheena Chhabra ◽  
Apurva Bakshi ◽  
Ravineet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Specific Health

Nutraceuticals have been around for quite some time. As the nomenclature suggests, they are placed somewhere between food (nutra-) and medicine (-ceuticals) in terms of their impact on human health. Researches have focused on the impact of various types of nutraceuticals on health, their efficacy in health promotion and disease prevention, and often on suitable uses of certain categories of nutraceuticals for specific health issues. However, we are still far from utilizing the immense potential of nutraceuticals for benefiting human health in a substantial manner. We review the available scholarly literature regarding the role of nutraceuticals in health promotion, their efficacy in disease prevention and the perception of nutraceuticals' health benefits by consumers. Thereafter we analyze the need for regulation of nutraceuticals and various provisions regarding the same.

Young Muslim America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cultural Citizenship ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Muslim American ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Community Culture ◽  
Identity Studies ◽  
Anthropology Of Islam ◽  
Dominant Narratives

This book explores the identities, perspectives, and roles of the second and subsequent generations of Muslim Americans of both immigrant and convert backgrounds. As these younger Muslims come of age, and as distant as they are from historical processes that shaped their parents’ generations, how do they view themselves and each other? What role do they play in the current chapter of Islam in a post-9/11 America? Will they be able to cross intra-community divides and play a pivotal role in shaping their community? Culture figures prominently in the discussions about and among Muslims and is centered on four dominant narratives: 1) culture is thought to be the underlying cause of an alleged “identity crisis,” 2) it presumably contaminates a “pure/true” Islam, 3) it is the cause for all that divides Muslim American immigrants and converts, which could be remedied by creating an American Muslim community and culture, and 4) some Americans fear an “Islamization of America” through a Muslim cultural takeover. In this ethnographic study, Muna Ali explores these questions through these four dominant narratives, which are both part of the public discourse and themes that emerged from interviews, a survey, social and traditional media, and participant observation. Situating these questions and narratives in identity studies in a pluralistic yet racialized society, as well as in the anthropology of Islam and in the process and meaning of cultural citizenship, Ali examines how younger Muslims see themselves and their community, how they negotiate fault lines of ethnicity, race, class, gender, and religious interpretation within their communities, and how their faith informs their daily lives and how they envision a future for themselves in post-911 America.

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