The Language of Legacies: The Politics of Evoking Dead Leaders

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591292093082
Author(s):  
Caitlin Andrews-Lee ◽  
Amy H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Approval Rating ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Juan Peron ◽  
Robust Evidence

How can leaders recover public trust and approval when government performance is low? We argue politicians use speeches evoking images of deceased predecessors to reactivate support temporarily. This distracts supporters from the poor performance and arouses empathy and nostalgia among them, causing them to perceive the current leader more favorably. We test this argument by scraping for all speeches by Argentine president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. We identify all instances when she referenced Juan Perón—the charismatic founder of the Justice Party. We find that as Kirchner’s approval rating decreases, the number of Perón references increases. To identify the causal mechanism and to ensure that endogeneity is not a concern, we employ text analysis and a natural experiment—courtesy of LAPOP. The results provide robust evidence that leaders reference their dead predecessors to evoke positive feelings. However, while doing so can improve public opinion, the effects manifest only in the short term and among supporters.

scholarly journals Fragile and Enduring Positive Affect: Implications for Adaptive Aging

Gerontology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Ong ◽  
Nilam Ram
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Over Time

There is robust evidence linking interindividual differences in positive affect (PA) with adaptive psychological and physical health outcomes. However, recent research has suggested that intraindividual variability or fluctuations in PA states over time may also be an important predictor of individual health outcomes. Here, we report on research that focuses on PA level and various forms of PA dynamics (variability, instability, inertia, and reactivity) in relation to health. PA level refers to the average level of positive feelings. In contrast, PA dynamics refer to short-term changes in PA that unfold over time. We discuss how consideration of both PA level and PA dynamics can provide a framework for reconciling when high PA is conducive or detrimental to health. We conclude that more work on PA dynamics is needed, especially in combination with PA level, and suggest productive questions for future inquiry in this area.

scholarly journals Do the Green Credit Guidelines Affect Renewable Energy Investment? Empirical Research from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9331
Author(s):  
Kexian Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zimei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Credit Policy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Investment

How to promote renewable energy investment is central to energy transformation and green development. To take China’s “green credit guidelines” policy as a quasi-natural experiment, we investigate the impacts of green credit policy on renewable energy investment. Using the samples of 1021 Chinese listed enterprises during 2007–2017, we find that: Firstly, the introduction of the green credit guidelines has promoted renewable energy investment. Secondly, short-term debts play a mediating role in the impacts of green credit guidelines on renewable energy investment, while long-term debts play a masking role, and financing constraints do not play a significant role. Thirdly, the heterogeneous impacts on renewable energy investment are reflected in different ownerships and enterprise scales, with significant impacts on the state-owned enterprises and small ones.

scholarly journals Attribution And Accountability: Voting for roads in Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Harding
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Weak State ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ethnic Mobilization ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Robust Evidence

Do voters in Africa use elections to hold governments accountable for their performance in office? In contexts of limited information and weak state capacity, it can be difficult for citizens to attribute the provision of public goods and services to political action. As a result, voters often have little information about government performance on which to condition their electoral support. Such contexts are frequently characterized by clientelism or ethnic politics, and there is a widespread impression that African elections are little more than contests in corruption or ethnic mobilization. Using an original panel data set containing electoral returns and detailed information on road conditions throughout Ghana, the author provides robust evidence that when a public good can be attributed to political action, as is the case with roads in Ghana, electoral support is affected by the provision of that good. The author also uses data on a variety of educational inputs to test the claim that votes are conditioned only on attributable outcomes.

KNOWLEDGE OF NATIVELIKE SELECTIONS IN A L2

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Foster ◽  
Cylcia Bolibaugh ◽  
Agnieszka Kotula
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Late Starters

It is well established that part of native speaker competence resides in knowledge of conventionalized word combinations, or nativelike selections (NLSs). This article reports an investigation into the receptive NLS knowledge of second language (L2) users of English in both the United Kingdom and Poland and the influence of a variety of independent variables on this knowledge. Results indicate that only an early start (< 12 years old) in an immersion setting guarantees nativelikeness. Long exposure in late starters brings moderate gains in both settings but not to nativelike levels; positive feelings toward the L2 and motivation to interact in it bear little to no relationship with NLS; phonological short-term memory (pSTM) is the only predictor of NLS ability in immersion late starters, with no effect found in a foreign language setting. Our results suggest that NLS is subject to age effects and that, for late starters, a good pSTM and L2 immersion are necessary for the acquisition of this dimension of L2 knowledge.

scholarly journals Anti-ELAB Movement, National Security Law, and heterogeneous institutional trust in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans H. Tung ◽  
Ming-Jen Lin ◽  
Yi-Fan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
National Security ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Institutional Trust ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Trust In Institutions ◽  
Institutional Landscape ◽  
The One

AbstractHow does repression on opposition protests affect citizens' institutional trust under dictatorships? There has been a burgeoning literature investigating empirically both long- and short-term impacts of protests and their repression on citizens' political preferences in both democratic and nondemocratic contexts. Yet, the literature tells us relatively little about how the above question could be answered. This paper tries to answer this question by taking advantage of a recent natural experiment in Hong Kong when Beijing suddenly adopted the National Security Law (NSL) in June 2020 to repress dissidents' protest mobilization. Our findings are twofold. First of all, the NSL drove a wedge in the Hong Kong society by making the pro-establishment camp more satisfied with the post-NSL institutions on the one hand, while alienating the pro-democracy camp who lost tremendous trust in them on the other. Second, our study also reveals that one's trust in institutions is significantly associated with the regimes' ability to curb protesters' contentious mobilization. The Hong Kongers who had higher confidence in the NSL to rein in protests would also have a greater level of trust than those who didn't. The effect, however, is substantially smaller among pro-democracy Hong Kongers except for their trust in monitoring institutions. As Beijing is transforming Hong Kong's current institutions from within hopes of bringing about a new political equilibrium, our study helps provide a timely assessment of Hong Kong's institutional landscape and sheds light on how likely this strategy can work.

scholarly journals Financial stability of enterprises in Serbian agriculture, fishing and forestry sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-758
Author(s):  
Denis Kušter
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Consolidated Financial Statements ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Significant Disturbance

The main aim of this research paper is to examine financial stability, including indebtedness, interest coverage, and profitability of enterprises in Serbian Agriculture, fishing, and forestry sector. The research was performed using the tools of accounting and financial analysis. Period from 2015 to 2019 was observed. Analysis was based on consolidated financial statements for all enterprises that belonged to the sector in mentioned period. Research results show that the enterprises managed to maintain acceptable level of long-term financial stability, while on the other hand, there was a more significant disturbance on the side of short-term financial stability. Solid performances were recorded in the field of interest coverage, but also indebtedness where those indicators met referent values in almost every observed year. In the field of profitability that was examined via ROA and ROE indicators, poor performance was recorded.

South Korea's leader may be less secure than he looks

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Approval Rating ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Ruling Party

Subject The strengths and weaknesses of South Korea's president and ruling party. Significance President Moon Jae-in's approval rating was 79% as of June 14, a record for any South Korean president after a year in office. His left-of-centre ruling Democratic Party (DP) won an unprecedented landslide in nationwide local elections on June 13; it now runs 14 of the 17 provinces and major cities. The party also won eleven of twelve National Assembly by-elections, gaining eight. He now faces no electoral tests until the next parliamentary elections, due in April 2020. Impacts Political party regroupings are likely, with possible mergers consolidating both the left and right. The short-term prospects for inter-Korean engagement appear good. The main risks regarding North Korea are US President Donald Trump’s unpredictability and uncertainty over Pyongyang's ultimate aims.

Results from short-term CT assessments in patients (pts) with advanced poor performance status non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving pemetrexed in a phase II trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19069-e19069
Author(s):  
R. Zinner ◽  
R. S. Herbst ◽  
F. V. Fossella ◽  
F. M. Johnson ◽  
D. D. Karp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Poor Performance Status ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ct Technology ◽  
To Come

e19069 Background: Early determination of therapeutic failure can potentially spare a pt ineffective and toxic treatment. We previously reported in a retrospective study the use of CT within 4 weeks of initiation of chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC to assess response and progression by RECIST (Bruzzi et al. JTO 2006). Here, we prospectively assess whether CT imaging after the first cycle of pemetrexed in advanced NSCLC has a role in evaluating response and management. Methods: We accrued pts with PS 2 or 3 advanced NSCLC receiving at least one dose of 1st or 2nd line pemetrexed. A repeat CT prior to a 2nd course was required. Pts with progression by RECIST were to come off study. CT scans were done using multislice CT technology (GE Lightspeed Plus), and images were reconstructed with slice thicknesses of 3.75mm or less. All images were reviewed using a PACs workstation (Stentor iSite) and measurements were done with electronic calipers. RECIST criteria: progression, an increase in the tumor's longest dimension by 20%, response, a decrease by 30%. Results: Thirty pts had a median age of 68 years (45 - 81). PS 2/3, 1st/2nd line, and F/M were 16/14, 17/13, and 12/18 respectively. Pts received 1–8 cycles (median 2). Twelve pts received only 1 course of whom 7 pts had f/u CTs at a median of 20 days (12–25) after 1st chemo dose. Of these pts, 5/7 had progression by RECIST and the other 2/7 pts had stable disease with 1 pt who came off due to serial PEs and 1 pt who opted off for reasons of travel. Two of the 5 pts who had progression by CT had no detectable change by CXR. Of 5/12 pts treated with only 1 course without f/u CT, 2 pts died, 2 pts had progression by CXR, and 1 pt stopped after treatment for pneumonia. All 18 pts receiving ≥2 cycles had a repeat CT prior to their 2nd course. Conclusions: The results of this prospective trial support earlier retrospective findings that short-term follow-up using CT in pts with advanced NSCLC can detect tumor progression and impact patient management. We will also present f/u CTs in pts who received ≥ 1course to determine whether early signs of progression predict later RECIST determined progression. [Table: see text]

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