Ipsilateral Fractures of the Talus and Calcaneus

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gregory ◽  
Thomas DiPasquale ◽  
Dolfi Herscovici ◽  
Roy Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Talus Fracture ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Combined Injury ◽  
Joint Surfaces ◽  
Articular Damage ◽  
Talar Fractures ◽  
Level I ◽  
Both Bones

Nine ipsilateral fractures of the talus and calcaneus were treated at Tampa General Hospital between 1991 and 1994 and entered into the trauma registry of this level I trauma center. During this same period, a total of 78 talar fractures and 334 calcaneal fractures were entered into the registry. The patients who sustained this rare combined injury were studied retrospectively to characterize the fractures that occurred, examine the treatments instituted, and determine outcomes. Four patients had severe intra-articular damage of the subtalar joint surfaces and underwent either primary or delayed arthrodesis. This subgroup of patients was followed for an average of 39 months (range, 25–45 months), and all had excellent or good outcome as assessed by the Maryland Foot Score. Three patients had nondisplaced or avulsion-type fractures of both bones, which were treated with immobilization. These all healed well. One patient had a Hawkins type 2 talus fracture with an extra-articular avulsion fracture of the Achilles tendon. This patient did well with open reduction and internal fixation of both fractures. The final patient had a crushed lower extremity in association with her hindfoot injury, which resulted in primary below-knee amputation. In general, we believe each individual fracture in this combined injury can be addressed with standard treatment regimens.

scholarly journals Serum Selenium Level and 10-Year Survival after Melanoma

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 991
Author(s):  
Emilia Rogoża-Janiszewska ◽  
Karolina Malińska ◽  
Piotr Baszuk ◽  
Wojciech Marciniak ◽  
Róża Derkacz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selenium Level ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Melanoma Diagnosis ◽  
Serum Selenium Levels ◽  
Melanoma Prognosis ◽  
Level I ◽  
Low Selenium ◽  
Serum Selenium Level

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies. The determination of prognostic biomarkers is important for the early detection of recurrence and for the enrollment of the patients into different treatment regimens. Herein, we report the 10-year survival of 375 melanoma patients depending on their serum selenium levels. The study group was followed up from the date of melanoma diagnosis until death or 2020. Patients were assigned to one of four categories, in accordance with the increasing selenium level (I–IV quartiles). The subgroup with low selenium levels had a significant lower survival rate in relation to patients with high selenium levels, HR = 8.42; p = 0.005 and HR = 5.83; p = 0.02, for uni- and multivariable models, respectively. In the univariable analysis, we also confirmed the association between Breslow thickness, Clark classification and age at melanoma prognosis. In conclusion, a low serum selenium level was associated with an increased mortality rate in the 10 years following melanoma diagnosis. Future studies in other geographic regions with low soil selenium levels should be conducted to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Analysis of leech therapy effects in patients with chronic apical periodontitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
AI Abdullaeva ◽  
AG Prityko ◽  
PA Voronin ◽  
EG Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) is characterized by tissue inflammation around the tooth tip. Unstable outcomes of current treatments against CAP dictate the need for novel therapeutic techniques and medications. The aim of this study was to analyzed the effects of hirudotherapy on the treatment course in patients with CAP. Forty-one study participants aged 25 to 40 years were divided into the main group (20 patients) and the control group (21 patients). Pain level and the gingival index (GI) were measured in all study participants. During the first visit, pain scores did not differ significantly between the control (5.81 ± 0.65) and the main (5.75 ± 0.92) groups. During the second visit, pain was almost unnoticeable in the main group patients (1.05 ± 0.34), whereas pain scores were higher in the control group (4.10 ± 0.7). Our findings suggest a positive effect of hirudotherapy used in combination with standard treatment regimens.

scholarly journals Treatment regimens and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: data from SEARCH (United States) and YDR (India) registries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amutha Anandakumar ◽  
Pradeep A Praveen ◽  
Christine W. Hockett ◽  
Toan C Ong ◽  
Elizabeth T Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Treatment Regimens

scholarly journals Approximate Bayesian Bootstrap procedures to estimate multilevel treatment effects in observational studies with application to type 2 diabetes treatment regimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 3362-3380
Author(s):  
Anthony D Scotina ◽  
Andrew R Zullo ◽  
Robert J Smith ◽  
Roee Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Bayesian Bootstrap ◽  
Interval Estimates ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Approximate Bayesian

Randomized clinical trials are considered as the gold standard for estimating causal effects. Nevertheless, in studies that are aimed at examining adverse effects of interventions, randomized trials are often impractical because of ethical and financial considerations. In observational studies, matching on the generalized propensity scores was proposed as a possible solution to estimate the treatment effects of multiple interventions. However, the derivation of point and interval estimates for these matching procedures can become complex with non-continuous or censored outcomes. We propose a novel Approximate Bayesian Bootstrap algorithm that results in statistically valid point and interval estimates of the treatment effects with categorical outcomes. The procedure relies on the estimated generalized propensity scores and multiply imputes the unobserved potential outcomes for each unit. In addition, we describe a corresponding interpretable sensitivity analysis to examine the unconfoundedness assumption. We apply this approach to examine the cardiovascular safety of common, real-world anti-diabetic treatment regimens for type 2 diabetes mellitus in a large observational database.

scholarly journals Saxagliptin and Metformin in Fixed Combination for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CMED.S8510
Author(s):  
Molly G. Minze ◽  
Mary S. Klein ◽  
Brian T. Terrell
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
First Line ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Patient Satisfaction Scores ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Secondary Mechanism ◽  
Current Guidelines

Type 2 diabetes affects millions of people worldwide and significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality of those affected by it. Current guidelines recommend individualized treatment regimens following first line metformin therapy. Saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitor, provides a secondary mechanism of action to decrease hyperglycemia when used in combination with metformin. The combination of metformin and saxagliptin has shown improvements in hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose in greater efficacy than when either agent is used alone. Adverse effects of combination therapy are similar to when these agents are used individually, and are rated as tolerable by patient satisfaction scores. Overall, the combination use of saxagliptin in addition to metformin is an attractive option for clinicians to use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Impact of endogenous and exogenous insulin on basal energy expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes under standard treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Ikeda ◽  
Shimpei Fujimoto ◽  
Masashi Goto ◽  
Chizumi Yamada ◽  
Akihiro Hamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Exogenous Insulin ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

scholarly journals Change in Proteinuria and Renal Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Standard Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAKUO KOIZUMI ◽  
YUICHIRO MAKITA ◽  
TAKAHIRO YAMANAKA ◽  
SHINGO SAKAMOTO ◽  
SHIGEHIRO YAMADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Standard Treatment

scholarly journals Metabolic effects of oral vitamin D supplementation as an adjuvant therapy on subjects with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Sana Tafseer ◽  
Irfan Ahmad Khan ◽  
Avijit Roy ◽  
Pooja Goyal ◽  
Virender K. Chhoker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Vitamin

Background: It is common for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to have vitamin D deficiency. Aim of the study is to determine the metabolic effects of oral vitamin D supplementation in a cohort of T2DM subjects.Methods: Subjects with T2DM were divided into two groups. Group A (Control) included subjects who received the standard treatment (conventional antidiabetic drugs). Group B (Intervention), apart from the standard treatment (conventional antidiabetic drugs), was also supplemented with Vitamin D3. All the patients were followed up at baseline, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months.Results: Vitamin D deficiency was noted down in all the study subjects. Even after 18 months of supplementation, all subjects remained vitamin D deficient. There was a significant improvement in the circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Improvement in the lipid profile of subjects was observed as evidenced by a decrease in total cholesterol (5.0±0.92 mmol/l) as compared to baseline (5.5±1.6 mmol/l). HOMA-IR changed significantly after 18 months of supplementation from baseline (7.0±1.06 vs 10.8±1.96 nmol/l).Conclusions: Supplementation to achieve higher levels of vitamin D remains a promising adjuvant therapy for T2DM patients. Additionally, the intervention brought out a favourable change in HDL/LDL ratio among study subjects.

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