Human-Centered Design and Research in Deprescribing

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
Richard J. Holden ◽  
Jordan R. Hill ◽  
Noll L. Campbell ◽  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Ayse P. Gurses ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Future Work

Deprescribing is the process of withdrawing or replacing medications to improve outcomes and reduce medication-associated risks. Deprescribing, though traditionally the domain of healthcare professionals, is now receiving attention from human factors experts. In turn, the deprescribing community is gaining an appreciation for human-centered design and research. This panel gathers experts in human factors and pharmacy to critically discuss past, current, and future work concerning human-centered design and research in deprescribing. The panel will help formulate the value proposition for human factors in this important area.

Parallel Assessment Tracks for Human-Centered Design (PATH): A Framework for Transitioning to a New Health Information Technology System

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-298
Author(s):  
Jason J. Saleem ◽  
Kyle Maddox ◽  
Jennifer Herout ◽  
Kurt Ruark
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Health Information Technology ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Legacy System

This practice-oriented paper presents a human-centered design (HCD) framework that we developed to perform a comprehensive evaluation of a new health information technology (HIT) system under development, intended to replace a legacy system. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Veteran Crisis Line (VCL) program provides a vital service in crisis intervention and suicide prevention. VCL staff rely on a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) legacy system, Medora. VCL intended to replace Medora with Microsoft Dynamics 365 (D365) CRM system. Due to wide-spread criticism of D365, the VA Human Factors Engineering (HFE) team engaged in a multi-study, mixed-method HCD evaluation to investigate the legacy system and intended replacement in terms of ability to support VCL staff needs. The HCD framework we developed to perform this evaluation may be adapted for other large-scale HIT transitions and may provide human factors practitioners with guidance to make evidence-based decisions to support (or abandon) such transitions.

Development of Human Factors Ontology for Business Knowledge Management

2013 ◽  
pp. 176-193
Author(s):  
Monica Philippart ◽  
Waldemar Karwowski
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Novel Method

Employee knowledge and cognitive skills are key assets to achieving business success, yet are often mismanaged. By promoting the human-centered design approach, the discipline of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) can significantly contribute to optimizing business processes through effective management of employee knowledge. However, a comprehensive methodology is needed to help organizations integrate the HF/E principles across various business processes. This paper introduces a novel method for integrating HF/E principles into business processes through the application of HF/E ontologies.

A Survey and Surveillance Issues in Smart Homes Environment for Assistive Living

Biometrics ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1290-1309
Author(s):  
Ryan Patrick ◽  
Nikolaos Bourbakis
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Smart Homes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Results ◽  
The Future ◽  
Familiar Environment ◽  
Assistive Living ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Abnormal Behaviors

A surveillance system for assisting the elderly in remaining independent in their familiar environment is one of the subjects interest in recent healthcare studies. When mature, it is expected that this system will have the ability to track objects that a resident may lose periodically, detect falls within the home, alert family members or healthcare professionals to abnormal behaviors. This paper addresses the early stages and issues of the development of such a system, the physical characteristics of the system that is being designed, early results, and guidance on the future work that will have to be completed in the future.

Development of Human Factors Ontology for Business Knowledge Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Monica Philippart ◽  
Waldemar Karwowski
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Human Centered Design ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Novel Method

Employee knowledge and cognitive skills are key assets to achieving business success, yet are often mismanaged. By promoting the human-centered design approach, the discipline of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) can significantly contribute to optimizing business processes through effective management of employee knowledge. However, a comprehensive methodology is needed to help organizations integrate the HF/E principles across various business processes. This paper introduces a novel method for integrating HF/E principles into business processes through the application of HF/E ontologies.

scholarly journals Escape into patient safety: bringing human factors to life for medical students

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Backhouse ◽  
Myra Malik
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
General Medical Council ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
After Action Review ◽  
Game Elements ◽  
Future Work

BackgroundPatient safety is at the core of the General Medical Council (GMC) standards for undergraduate medical education. It is recognised that patient safety and human factors’ education is necessary for doctors to practice safely. Teaching patient safety to medical students is difficult. Institutions must develop expertise and build curricula while students must also be able to see the subject as relevant to future practice. Consequently graduates may lack confidence in this area.MethodWe used gamification (the application of game design principles to education) to create a patient safety simulation for medical students using game elements. Gamification builds motivation and engagement, whilst developing teamwork and communication. We designed an escape room—a team-based game where learners solve a series of clinical and communication-based tasks in order to treat a fictional patient while avoiding ‘clinician error’. This is followed up with an after action review where students reflect on their experience and identify learning points.OutcomeStudents praised the session’s interactivity and rated it highly for gaining new knowledge and skills and for increasing confidence to apply patient safety concepts to future work.ConclusionOur findings are in line with existing evidence demonstrating the success of experiential learning interventions for teaching patient safety to medical students. Where the escape room has potential to add value is the use of game elements to engage learners with the experience being recreated despite its simplicity as a simulation. More thorough evaluation of larger pilots is recommended to continue exploring the effectiveness of escape rooms as a teaching method.

scholarly journals Searching for Fiction for Pleasure Reading: Current Research and Recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1590-1594
Author(s):  
Alexandra Huang ◽  
Dan Nathan-Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Pleasure Reading ◽  
Good Book ◽  
Online Catalog ◽  
Online Catalogs ◽  
Catalog Design ◽  
Future Work

One of the major tasks library patrons are faced with is searching for a good book to read, particularly when they have no specific book in mind. As such, people faced with this task search in places such as online catalogs, looking at existing book reviews and descriptions, and they also ask librarians and other readers’ advisors for assistance in finding book recommendations. This paper attempts to review the research on how people conduct searches for pleasure reading, as well as research for online catalog design in order to inform the search process, leading to recommendations for future work in catalog design and readers’ advisory driven by the application of human factors principles in the search process.

scholarly journals Recommendations for 24-Hour Movement Behaviours in Adults with Asthma: A Review of Current Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1789
Author(s):  
Shilpa Dogra ◽  
Ilana Patlan ◽  
Carley O’Neill ◽  
Hayley Lewthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Asthma Care ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Current Guidelines

Background: Many countries have clinical practice guidelines (CPG) for asthma that serve as an important resource for healthcare professionals and inform the development of policies and practices relevant to asthma care. The purpose of this scoping review was to search for CPGs related to asthma to determine what recommendations related to the 24-h movement behaviours are provided. Methods: We searched for the most recent CPGs published by a national authoritative body from 195 countries. Guidelines were reviewed for all movement behaviours; that is, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Results: In total, 82 documents were searched for eligibility and 19 were included in our review. Of these, only 10 CPGs provided information on physical activity; none provided recommendations consistent with the FITT principle, while seven recommended activity levels similar to the general population. None of the guidelines included information on sedentary behaviour. Nine guidelines included information on sleep: recommendations mostly focused on changes to medication to reduce disruptions in sleep. Conclusions: It is recommended that future work be conducted to create comprehensive movement behaviour guidelines accompanied with relevant precautions and strategies to ensure that adults with asthma are able to safely and effectively engage in movement behaviours throughout the day.

Town Hall on Patient-Centered Human Factors and Ergonomics

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Holden ◽  
Rupa S. Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Town Hall ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Open Floor ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Town ◽  
Central Paradigm

A central paradigm in the current era of health and healthcare is the centrality of patients, families, and community members in their own health. Patients and other nonprofessionals are increasingly recognized as working independently or in concert with healthcare professionals in an effort to achieve health-related goals. This patient work has been the topic of much recent research in an area of human factors and ergonomics (HFE) we call patient-centered HFE. The town hall on patient-centered HFE draws on the community of healthcare HFE researchers and practitioners to communicate and document the scope of existing work, identify future opportunities, and develop recommendations for future work in this area. The town hall primarily consists of an open floor session with a 40-minute comment period and 40-minute generative exercise to discuss and plan with one another future work in patient-centered HFE.

scholarly journals Description of healthcare professionals’ attitudes on patient safety in the Tunisian operating rooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Tlili ◽  
H Sayeh ◽  
W Aouicha ◽  
M Souki ◽  
E Taghouti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Work Units

Abstract Background Currently, ensuring surgical safety remain a worldwide challenge. The description of operating room professionals' attitudes toward patient safety in their work units helps to identify strengths and weaknesses in term of patient safety, allowing a clearer vision of the safety aspects that require special attention. This study aimed to describe healthcare professionals' attitudes on patient safety in the Tunisian operating rooms. Methods This is a cross-sectional descriptive study spread over a 6-month period (October-April 2018). It was conducted among healthcare professionals working in the operating rooms of the two teaching hospitals of Sousse (Tunisia). The measuring instrument used is the Operating Room Management Attitudes Questionnaire (ORMAQ), which consists of 60 items spread over 8 dimensions. The latter has been subjected to a transcultural validation process inspired from the Vallerand method. Data entry and analysis was done by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.20) software. Results A total of 303 professionals participated in the study (participation rate= 76.13%). The most developed dimension was teamwork and the least developed was “Procedural errors/ compliance”. Items' results show that 94.8% of professionals confirmed that seniors should encourage medical and paramedical staff to ask questions, 53.5% of professionals stated that personal problems can adversely affect their performance and 87.5% agreed that operating rooms' team members share responsibilities for prioritizing activities in high workload situations. In addition, 50.9% of participants reported that the managers don't listen to staff or care about their concerns. Conclusions Operating rooms professionals' attitudes toward patient safety in their work units reflect an alarming situation regarding the quality of healthcare provided to patients. These results should be taken into consideration to guide future intervention on quality management improvement. Key messages Considering human factors is essential to improve safety in operating rooms and has an important role in reducing the occurrence of adverse events in these settings. It is important to study the underlying attitudes that determine the human factors for a better understanding and resolution of patient safety problems.

Why We Withdrew from Our First Forensics Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 416-420
Author(s):  
Michael J. Vredenburgh ◽  
Meriel L. Bench
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
First Case ◽  
Bridge Collapse ◽  
Professional Reputation ◽  
Intellectual Integrity ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Central Factors ◽  
Professional Interactions

Work in the field of forensic human factors and biomechanics can be extremely difficult, especially for new professionals working on their first case. As such, it is not uncommon for new experts to take any case that they are retained on, regardless of the feasibility of the requests made of them. It is important, however, to maintain scientific and intellectual integrity on such cases, not only to establish a positive professional reputation but to ensure that future work in the field remains feasible. This paper addresses three central factors for withdrawal considerations (case facts, attorney-expert communications, and inter-professional interactions) that are illustrated using an example case in which a bridge collapse resulted in personal injury. The experts chose to withdraw from the case when the client attorney was unable to provide crucial data and materials that were promised at time of retention.

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