scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of a Semistructured Interview to Assess Limited Prosocial Emotions

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112094779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni M. Walker ◽  
Paul J. Frick ◽  
Tatiana M. Matlasz ◽  
Emily L. Robertson ◽  
Amy J. Mikolajewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Limited Prosocial Emotions

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits have recently been added to the diagnostic criteria of Conduct Disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition and of conduct–dissocial and oppositional defiant disorders in the International Classification of Disease–Eleventh edition as the limited prosocial emotions specifier. This change necessitates the assessment of these traits with validated measures in both research and clinical contexts. The current study sought to validate a semi-structured diagnostic interview method, the Michigan Limited Prosocial Emotion Addendum (M-LPE) to the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children–Present and Lifetime Version, of assessing CU traits based on a recently developed clinician rating system (Clinical Assessment of Prosocial Emotions, Version 1.1) in a sample of at-risk youth. Results supported the interrater reliability of the M-LPE with moderate agreement and high reliability between raters. The M-LPE demonstrated convergent and incremental validity with CU traits and various measures of antisocial behavior. The results provide preliminary evidence for the use of a semi-structured interview assessment of CU traits in research contexts and build the foundation for further validation.

Too Much to Bear

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole J. Peak ◽  
James C. Overholser ◽  
Josephine Ridley ◽  
Abby Braden ◽  
Lauren Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Perceived Burdensomeness ◽  
Scale Method

Abstract. Background: People who feel they have become a burden on others may become susceptible to suicidal ideation. When people no longer feel capable or productive, they may assume that friends and family members would be better off without them. Aim: The present study was designed to assess preliminary psychometric properties of a new measure, the Perceived Burdensomeness (PBS) Scale. Method: Depressed psychiatric patients (N = 173) were recruited from a veterans affairs medical center. Patients were assessed with a structured diagnostic interview and self-report measures assessing perceived burdensomeness, depression severity, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation. Results: The present study supported preliminary evidence of reliability and concurrent validity of the PBS. Additionally, perceived burdensomeness was significantly associated with higher levels of hopelessness and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: It is hoped that with the aid of the PBS clinicians may be able to intervene more specifically in the treatment of suicidality.

scholarly journals Callous-unemotional traits in Chinese preschool children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Huifeng Zhang ◽  
Amanda Wilson ◽  
Lan Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits

Abstract Background Children with early onset of Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits are at a higher risk for long-term, persistent psychosocial problems. The current study aimed to explore the characteristics of CU in preschool children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the diagnostic significance of CU traits in ADHD. Methods A total of 176 preschool children (89 with ADHD and 87 Typically Developing Children [TDC]) aged 4–5 years old were recruited to the study. The participants were assessed for CU traits, emotional and behavioral problems, and how their executive functioning was associated with ADHD using multiple assessment scales. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the incremental validity of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), adjusting for possible covariates by child’s sex, conduct problems, and oppositional defiant symptoms. Results The results showed that there was a significant difference of ICU scores between the ADHD and TDC groups (F = 30.12, P < 0.001). In terms of callousness, ADHD + Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) group showed a significant high score, and the ADHD only group scored significantly higher than the TDC group (F = 20.42, P < 0.001). The ICU was negatively associated with the prosocial behaviour subscale (γ = − 0.57, P < 0.01) and showed low to moderate positive correlations with emotional and behavioural problems, as well as executive function (γ = 0.24–0.67, P < 0.05). The ICU scores explained 6% of the incremental validity in ADHD symptoms. The diagnostic value of the ICU for ADHD was medium and acceptable. Conclusions The current study indicated that early identification of CU traits may help clinicians better understand symptoms and behavioural problems in children with ADHD. CU traits therefore could be considered as a useful assessment tool for ADHD.

scholarly journals COLLABORATION-BASED SUPPORT PROVISION MODELS FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Rita Kantanavičiūtė ◽  
Laima Tomėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Special Educators ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Support Provision ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Speech Therapists

The article aims to reveal collaboration-based support provision models for a child with special educational needs and his/her family in Lithuania. The qualitative research method used was a semi-structured interview. The participants of the research were special educators and speech therapists providing support to school-age children with special educational needs. The obtained results of the research helped to reveal children support specialists’ attitude towards collaboration-based support provision to a child with special educational needs and his/her family in Lithuania. The research revealed the importance and opportunities of the implementation of interprofessional coordinated support based on interprofessional collaboration, referring to the experience of speech therapists and special educators providing support to a school-age child with special educational needs and his/her family. 

Longitudinal study of premorbid adjustment in 22q11.2 deletion (velocardiofacial) syndrome and association with psychosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petya D. Radoeva ◽  
Wanda Fremont ◽  
Kevin M. Antshel ◽  
Wendy R. Kates
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Velocardiofacial Syndrome ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Deletion Syndrome ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
22Q11.2 Deletion ◽  
Prodromal Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Adjustment ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractVelocardiofacial syndrome, also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), is associated with an increased risk of major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. The emergence of psychotic symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia in the general population is often preceded by a premorbid period of poor or worsening social and/or academic functioning. Our current study evaluated premorbid adjustment (via the Cannon–Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale [PAS]) and psychotic symptoms (via the Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms and the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children—Present and Lifetime Version) in youth with 22q11DS (N = 96), unaffected siblings (N = 40), and community controls (N = 50). The PAS scores indicated greater maladjustment during all developmental periods in individuals with 22q11DS compared to the controls. Many participants with 22q11DS had chronically poor (n = 33) or deteriorating (n = 6) PAS scores. In 22q11DS, chronically poor PAS trajectories and poor childhood and early adolescence academic domain and total PAS scores significantly increased the risk of prodromal symptoms or overt psychosis. Taking into account the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype, the best predictor of (prodromal) psychosis was the early adolescence academic domain score, which yielded higher sensitivity and specificity in the subgroup of youth with 22q11DS and the high-activity (valine) allele. PAS scores may help identify individuals at higher risk for psychosis.

Demographic Differences in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Symptoms in ADHD, Autism, and General Population Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D. Mayes ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
James G. Waxmonsky ◽  
Cari Kokotovich ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
Mood Dysregulation

Objective: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a controversial new diagnosis. No studies have investigated DMDD symptoms (irritable-angry mood and temper outbursts) and demographics in general population and psychiatric samples. Method: Maternal ratings of DMDD symptoms and diagnoses, age, gender, IQ, race, and parent occupation were analyzed in general population ( n = 665, 6-12 years) and psychiatric samples ( n = 2,256, 2-16 years). Results: Percentage of school-age children with DMDD symptoms were 9% general population, 12% ADHD-I, 39% ADHD-C, and 43% autism. Male, nonprofessional parent, and autism with IQ > 80 were associated with increasing DMDD symptoms, but demographics together explained only 2% to 3% of the DMDD score variance. Conclusion: Demographics contributed little to the presence of DMDD symptoms in all groups, whereas oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) explained most of the variance. Almost all children with DMDD symptoms had ODD suggesting that DMDD may not be distinct from ODD.

Dimensions of irritability in adolescents: longitudinal associations with psychopathology in adulthood

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah T. Hawes ◽  
Gabrielle A. Carlson ◽  
Megan C. Finsaas ◽  
Thomas M. Olino ◽  
John R. Seely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundThere is an emerging consensus in developmental psychopathology that irritable youth are at risk for developing internalizing problems later in life. The current study explored if irritability in youth is multifactorial and the impact of irritability dimensions on psychopathology outcomes in adulthood.MethodsWe conducted exploratory factor analysis on irritability symptom items from a semi-structured diagnostic interview administered to a community sample of adolescents (ages 14–19; 42.7% male; 89.1% white). The analysis identified two factors corresponding to items from the mood disorders v. the oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (Leibenluft and Stoddard) sections of the interview. These factors were then entered together into regression models predicting psychopathology assessed at age 24 (N = 941) and again at age 30 (N = 816). All models controlled for concurrent psychopathology in youth.ResultsThe two irritability dimensions demonstrated different patterns of prospective relationships, with items from the ODD section primarily predicting externalizing psychopathology, items from the mood disorder sections predicting depression at age 24 but not 30, and both dimensions predicting borderline personality disorder symptoms.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the current standard of extracting and compositing irritability symptom items from diagnostic interviews masks distinct dimensions of irritability with different psychopathological outcomes. Additionally, these findings add nuance to the prevailing notion that irritability in youth is specifically linked to later internalizing problems. Further investigation using more sensitive and multifaceted measures of irritability are needed to parse the meaning and clinical implications of these dimensions.

scholarly journals Neuroimagerie fonctionnelle chez l’adolescent avec un trouble de personnalité limite

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie LeBoeuf ◽  
Jean-Marc Guilé ◽  
Réal Labelle ◽  
David Luck
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age

De nombreuses études en neuroimagerie fonctionnelle (IRMf) menées chez les adultes présentant un trouble de personnalité limite (TPL) convergent pour identifier un patron d’activation neuronale, notamment fronto-limbique, différent de celui activé chez les adultes sans TPL lors des tâches de visualisation d’images émotionnelles. À ce jour, aucune étude en IRMf n’a été réalisée chez les adolescents avec TPL. Ce projet pilote vise à évaluer la faisabilité d’un protocole d’IRMf chez des adolescentes avec TPL et à identifier les régions neuronales d’intérêt pour les études de neuroimagerie chez cette population. Le projet porte sur six adolescentes euthymiques présentant un diagnostic de TPL (âge moyen : 15,8 ± 0,9 ans) et six adolescentes témoins sans diagnostic psychiatrique (âge moyen : 15,5 ± 1,2 ans). Après l’évaluation diagnostique incluant le Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime et le Diagnostic Interview for Borderline – Revised version, les participantes ont complété une tâche d’IRMf au cours de laquelle elles devaient regarder 20 images à valence affective positive, 20 images à valence affective négative et 20 images neutres. L’étude de faisabilité montre que les participantes ont été recrutées en 22 mois et que le protocole était bien toléré par celles-ci. Les résultats montrent que le visionnement des scènes positives et négatives a entraîné une plus grande activation de plusieurs aires limbiques ainsi que frontales, temporales et du cervelet chez le groupe TPL. Les aires limbiques et préfrontales semblent être des régions d’intérêt dans l’étude du fonctionnement neuronal chez les adolescentes avec TPL.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sensation Seeking, and Pubertal Changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Martin ◽  
Greg Guenthner ◽  
Christopher Bingcang ◽  
W. Jackson Smith ◽  
Thomas Curry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

This study was designed to examine the relationship of pubertal changes and sensation seeking (SS) in adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Patients with current or past histories of uncomplicated stimulant medication use for ADHD between the ages of 11 and 15 (13 ± 1.5) were recruited from a Child Psychiatry and a General Pediatric Clinic. SS was measured using the SS Scale for Children. Pubertal development was measured using Tanner staging, free testosterone, and DHEAS. Subjects and their parent were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC). SS total score was correlated with Tanner stage, free testosterone, and DHEAS (p≤ 0.01). The combined parent and child reports of symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder from the DISC were inversely related to age (p≤ 0.05). Understanding SS in ADHD adolescents as they move through puberty will aid clinicians in monitoring ADHD adolescents and their trajectory into high-risk behaviors.

Binge/Purge Symptoms and Comorbidity in Adolescents with Eating Disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Geist ◽  
Ron Davis ◽  
Margus Heinmaa
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Assessment Measure ◽  
Axis I

Objective: To identify the diagnostic subtypes of eating disorders (EDs), the psychiatric comorbid diagnoses, and associated specific and nonspecific psychopathology in a series of 120 adolescents undergoing standardized assessment for an ED. Method: Consecutive patients referred to our large pediatric hospital for ED assessment completed a semistructured diagnostic interview for children and adolescents. The following self-report scales were administered to assess specific and nonspecific psychopathology: the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Eating Disorder Inventory 2 (EDI-2), and the Family Assessment Measure (FAM-III) of family functioning. Results: Female subjects with a mean age of 14.5 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 18.1 comprised 93% of the sample. The restrictive subtypes of anorexia nervosa (AN) (43%) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) (16%) were the most common diagnoses. Patients with restricting symptoms (R) could be grouped together because they were more similar to each other with respect to self-report symptoms of psychopathology than they were to patients with binge/purge (B/P) symptoms and vice versa. Patients with R endorsed significantly fewer subjective symptoms, both ED-specific and nonspecific, and rated their families' functioning better than did B/P patients. Comorbid, current major depressive disorders and dysthymic disorders occurred in 66% of subjects, but depressive, dysthymic, and oppositional disorders occurred in 96% of those with B/P symptoms. Severity of the CDI was the best single discriminator between R and B/P subjects. Conclusions: Adolescents with EDs in the early stage of their illness are similar to adults with EDs in the following ways: they meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for subtypes of EDs (excluding amenorrhea) and commonly have comorbid psychiatric disorders, especially depressive disorders. Patients with B/P symptoms can be distinguished from restricting subjects because they endorse significantly more ED-specific and nonspecific psychopathology and have a higher frequency of comorbid Axis I diagnoses (especially depressive disorders) than restricting patients. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) occurs more commonly in adolescents with EDs associated with B/P symptoms.

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