scholarly journals Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in a Case of Brucellosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. E10-E12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Akbayram ◽  
Murat Dogan ◽  
Cihangir Akgun ◽  
Erdal Peker ◽  
Mehmet Parlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Hematological Abnormalities ◽  
Time Of Admission

Brucellosis is a multisystem disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations; hematological abnormalities ranging from fulminant as of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) to anaemia, leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia, and clotting disorders. In this report, we present DIC in a case of brucellosis because of rare presentation. A 3-year-old boy was admitted with the complaints of continuous fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bruise on leg. He looked pale and his physical examination revealed purpuric skin lesions on both legs. A mild hepatosplenomegaly was noted on palpation. Laboratory tests showed hematocrit 21%, hemoglobin 7 g/dL, platelet count 20,000/mm3, prothrombin time 19 seconds, activated partial thromboplastin time 48 seconds, plasma fibrinogen level 20 mg/dL, andd-dimer 8 µg/mL. Serum antibrucella titration agglutination test was found to be 1 of 1280 positive. Blood cultures performed on specimens obtained at the time of admission yielded Brucella melitensis. The clinical and laboratory findings were consistent with DIC.

scholarly journals Coagulopathy in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-657
Author(s):  
G. M. Galstyan
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathy ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders ◽  
D Dimer

Hemostatic disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19. The purpose of the research was a detailed consideration of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and methods of diagnosing and treatment of coronavirus-induced coagulopathy (CIC). At the onset of COVID-19, hypercoagulability is detected, and consumption coagulopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome are usually observed at later stages of the disease. In the pathogenesis of hypercoagulation in patients with COVID-19, proinflammatory cytokines, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased blood levels of von Willebrand factor, factor VIII, neutrophilic extracellular traps, platelet activation, production of antiphospholipid antibodies, microvesicles are of importance. Laboratory findings show increased plasma concentrations of D-dimer, fibrinogen, a longer prothrombin time and a decrease in the number of platelets. The cumulative incidence of thrombotic complications ranges from 21 to 31%. Thrombosis risk factors are intensive care unit stay, leukocytosis, and a high plasma D-dimer concentration. Differential diagnosing of CIC should be carried out with disseminated intravascular coagulation, sepsis-induced coagulopathy, antiphospholipid, hemophagocytic syndromes, thrombotic microangiopathy, and heparin-induced thromocytopenia. CIC may be complicated by sepsis, antiphospholipid syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy, and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.The main therapy is low molecular weight heparins treatment. Treatment recommendations are provided.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
A. Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Hemostatic Disorder

Presented material reveals main links in the pathogenesis of hemostatic disorder. In particular, attention is paid to the role of the lungs, liver and other organs in the development of this process. Role of vascular wall and blood cells in regulation of the physical state of blood is described in detail. The most frequent factors leading to hypercoagulation are indicated. Difference between hypercoagulation and thrombophilia is shown. The latter is found in clinical practice quite often, but at the same time, it is poorly diagnosed. Such a terrible complication of hemostatic disorder as disseminated intravascular coagulation is described. Its classification, stages of development, clinical manifestations are offered to the readers.

False-Positive D-Dimer Result in a Patient With Castleman Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-331
Author(s):  
Kimberly Mugler ◽  
Jerry B. Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract In suspected cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation, concurrent elevation of both fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDPs) and D-dimer levels aids in confirming the diagnosis. This pattern of results reflects the action of plasmin proteolysis of cross-linked fibrin polymers as well as fibrinogen. We report the case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Castleman disease who presented with a high-positive D-dimer level and a negative FDP level in the course of a workup for disseminated intravascular coagulation. This finding suggested the possibility of either a false-positive D-dimer or a false-negative FDP level. To investigate the former, a Western blot was performed on the patient's serum to determine the presence of the D-dimer. No D-dimer band was visualized on the Western blot, confirming the false-positive nature of the D-dimer result. Insufficient quantity of patient serum, however, prevented further investigation into the etiology of this result. The false-positive D-dimer result is likely attributable to interference caused by the patient's Castleman disease–associated monoclonal gammopathy, a phenomenon that has been reported in other immunoassays. As the development of lymphoproliferative disorders is especially common within the HIV population, and hypergammaglobulinemia in Castleman disease is particularly common, clinicians should be aware of this phenomenon when the laboratory findings do not fit the clinical picture. Although it is rare, recognition of potential paraprotein interference in immunoassays will help avoid undertreatment or overtreatment of patients based on erroneous laboratory results.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Himawan ◽  
L. K. Kho ◽  
S. Melani
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Prolonged Bleeding Time ◽  
Fluid Replacement Therapy

The most dreaded complications of dengue fever are haemorrhagic manifestations (Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever) and shock (Dengue Shock Syndrome). We have the opportunity to carry out clinical and haematological studies on 68 selected cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occuring in DHF. Shock was encountered in the majority of the cases (70.6%), while haemorrhagic manifestations were observed in all the children. Other laboratory findings revealed the presence of anemia in 38.1%. hemo-concentration in 72.6% ; the W. B.C. varied between 1,600 and 39,400, thrombocytopenia 83.8%. Fragmented red cells were found in the periferal blood smear. Prolonged bleeding time 69.3%; prolonged clotting time 48.7%; prolonged prothrombine time 66.6%; prolonged partial thromboplastin time 56% ; fibrinogenopenia 80% and positive tourniquet test 85.7%.The management was directed to the improvement of the general condition with intravenous fluid replacement therapy, electrolytes, plasma expanders or blood. Heparin was administered to 36 children with severe DIC. The mortality rate was high (33.8%).

A case of disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by Brucella melitensis

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuba Turunc ◽  
Yusuf Ziya Demiroglu ◽  
Ebru Kizilkilic ◽  
Hikmet Aliskan ◽  
Can Boga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation

Disseminated intravascular coagulation in paediatrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revathi Rajagopal ◽  
Jecko Thachil ◽  
Paul Monagle
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Recent Advances

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in paediatrics is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although there have been several recent advances in the pathophysiology of DIC, most of these studies were done in adults. Since the haemostatic system is very different in early life and changes dramatically with age, creating a variety of challenges for the clinician, delay in the diagnosis of DIC can happen until overt DIC is evident. In this review article, we report the aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests and a management algorithm to guide paediatricians when treating patients with DIC.

scholarly journals Grover’s disease in a patient with atopic dermatitis - a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Sanja Jakovljevic ◽  
Ljuba Vujanovic ◽  
Dejan Ogorelica ◽  
Aleksandra Fejsa-Levakov ◽  
Jasmina Sekulic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids

Introduction. Grover?s disease is characterized by pruriginous polymorphic rash with a variable course and duration. Although the etiology is still unknown, the disease is often associated with other dermatoses, malignant diseases, use of certain medications, as well as immunosuppression. Case Report. We report a case of a 70-year-old male patient who was referred for examination to the Clinic of Dermatovenereology Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, due to a rash that lasted for nine months. The first lesions on the skin appeared around the nipples as exudative eczematous plaques. A few months later, identical lesions appeared on the lower legs. During treatment with systemic antihistamines and topical corticosteroids, there were episodes of transient improvements and re-exacerbations. In the meantime, erythematous brownish, round and oval papules appeared on the abdomen and the back, accompanied by intense itch. Laboratory findings revealed eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels. A skin biopsy of the back lesion was performed and the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Grover?s disease. After the systemic treatment using corticosteroids and antihistamines, with gradual dose reduction and application of topical corticosteroids and emollients, complete regression of the skin lesions was achieved. Conclusion. Since the clinical manifestations of the disease may be nonspecific and discrete, dermatopathological analysis is of crucial importance in making the correct diagnosis. In patients with atopy, the treatment with systemic corticosteroids, antihistamines and topical agents may lead to regression of skin lesions with a significant improvement in the quality of life.

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