Moderation Effects of Substance Use on Physical and Mental Well-Being in Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 107839032110520
Author(s):  
Mercy Ngosa Mumba ◽  
Alexandria Nancarrow ◽  
Jessica L. Jaiswal ◽  
Erika Hocchaus ◽  
Madelyn H. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Each year about one in five adults experiences mental illness. Although the independent physical and mental health consequences of alcohol misuse and cigarette smoking are well documented, little is known on how substance use moderates the relationship between physical and mental well-being. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether substance use moderates the relationship between physical activity and mental health in adults. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of data provided by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). RESULTS: Participants ( N = 450,016) were adults who completed the BRFSS in 2017. Those who did not drink alcohol had fewer mental health problems when they indicated greater amounts of time spent doing physical activities each week. Last, smokers’ number of mental health problems decreased as they engaged in more physical activity, whereas nonsmokers’ number of mental health problems increased as they engaged in more physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between physical activity and mental health outcomes is well established and cannot be overemphasized. Nonetheless, substance abuse can moderate this relationship and should be routinely screened for by health care providers regardless of treatment setting.

scholarly journals Flourishing Despite Migraines: A Nationally Representative Portrait of Resilience and Mental Health among Canadians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esme Fuller-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

Objective 1) To examine the relationship between migraine status and complete mental health (CMH) among a nationally representative sample of Canadians; 2) To identify significant correlates of CMH among those with migraine. Methods Secondary analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health (CCHS-MH) (N=21,108). Bivariate analyses and a series of logistic regression models were performed to identify the association between migraine status and CMH. Significant correlates of CMH were identified in the sample of those with migraine (N=2,186). Results Individuals without a history of migraine had 72% higher odds of being in CMH (OR=1.72; 95% CI=1.57, 1.89) when compared with those with a history of migraine. After accounting for physical health and mental health problems, the relationship between migraine status and CMH was reduced to non-significance, with both groups having an approximately equal likelihood of achieving CMH (OR=1.03; 05% CI=(0.92, 1.15). Among those with migraine, factors that were strongly associated with CMH were a lack of a history of depression, having a confidant, and having an income of $80,000 or more. Conclusion Clinicians and health care providers should also address co-occurring physical and mental health issues to support the overall well-being of migraineurs.

Contested meanings of mental health and well-being among university students

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinitha Jithoo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health And Well Being

Emerging adults are an important group not only because their opinions and knowledge will determine future attitudes but also because of the emergence of mental health problems during young adulthood. In order to provide relevant support, academics, health care providers as well as policy makers need to be more cognisant of how emerging adults make meaning of their psycho-social developmental context. The objective of the study was to explore how a cohort of 150 university students made meaning of emotional well-being and mental illness, the causes of mental health problems, the negative connotations associated with mental ill health, help-seeking behaviours, and how culture was used as a lens through which mental well-being was understood. The main findings indicate that students struggle to fully understand these concepts mainly because it is shrouded in mystery and complexity and not engaged with freely because of stigma and stereotypical attitudes, and while culture provides a lens to understand the causes and interventions, emerging adults often adopt a level of scepticism and are beginning to vacillate between tradition and modernity. Emerging adults face many barriers to accessing health care services including limited knowledge and stigma related to services, lack of confidentiality, fear of mistreatment, location of facilities, and the high cost of services. Universities and government should actively engage with research evidence to inform policies and programmes to improve the health and well-being of emerging adults.

scholarly journals Peran Spiritual Dalam Penyembuhan Skizofrenia : A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadma Aji Pramudita ◽  
Iman Permana
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Mental health is one of the health problems in the world, including in Indonesia, one of which is schizophrenia. Management of schizophrenia not only uses pharmacological therapy but also with non-pharmacological therapy. Spirituality is believed to have a role in the treatment of schizophrenia. Purpose: This article aims to identify and analyze research articles about the spiritual role in healing in schizophrenic patients. This article search uses a literature study approach from several ProQuest, Ebsco ScienceDirect databases, and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords "Spiritual OR Spirituality AND Mental disorder OR Mental Illness OR Schizophrenia". Based on the screening process of 509,589 journals, 9 articles were obtained by selecting inclusion criteria. The results obtained are summarized in 2 theme forms including the spiritual role in mental health problems where the importance of health professionals involves the spiritual dimension in health services as well as the spiritual concepts that play a role in handling mental problems; the second theme is about the spiritual role in schizophrenia healing, which is that spiritual can affect active and adaptive coping in schizophrenia patients. Social support activities, age, service satisfaction, spiritual well-being, and symptom severity are identified as aspirators in the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion: Four things that are felt to have a significant effect on healing schizophrenic patients include interactions or therapeutic relationships with health care providers, increased self-awareness of disease, social support, and the use of psychotropic drugs to reduce symptoms that arise.

scholarly journals Relationships Among the Internal Health Locus of Control, Mental Health Problems, and Subjective Well-Being of Adults in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Sunhwa Shin ◽  
Eunhye Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between internal health locus of control, mental health problems, and subjective well-being in adults during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the mediating effect of mental health problems on the relationship between internal health locus of control and subjective well-being was examined. A cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted via online survey. The participants were 600 adults over 20 years of age living in South Korea. The collected data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis and SPSS Process Macro (Model 4). As a result of the study, the internal health locus of control had a significant negative effect on mental health problems. In addition, in the process of the internal health locus of control affecting subjective well-being, the mediating effect of mental health problems was significantly shown. In the period of an infectious disease pandemic such as COVID-19, it is necessary to establish a strong internal health locus of control of individuals and to promote monitoring and treatment introduction for those with a low internal health locus of control. In addition, it was discussed that controlling mental health problems can improve subjective well-being, which is life satisfaction and happiness.

scholarly journals Impact of mental health and addiction NIMHANS ECHO on primary care physicians: study from a rural state of India

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S157-S157
Author(s):  
Shabinabegam A M Sheth ◽  
Bhavya Bairy ◽  
Aurobind Ganesh ◽  
Sumi Jain ◽  
Prabhat Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

AimsAs per National Mental Health Survey-2015-16, 83 out of 100 people having mental health problems do not have access to care in India. Further, primary health care providers (PCPs) have not been adequately trained in the screening, diagnosis, and initial management of common mental health conditions. There is thus a need to train health care providers at the State level to incorporate mental health into primary health care. In this paper, we report the findings of a collaborative project between the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India, and the state of Chhattisgarh incorporating mental health into primary care and addressing urban-rural disparities through tele-mentoring.MethodWe assessed the impact of the NIMHANS Extended Community Health Care Outcome (ECHO), an online, blended training program on participants' knowledge and competence (primary outcome) and commitment, satisfaction, and performance (Secondary outcomes) using Moore's evaluation framework. Primary and secondary outcomes were determined through a pre-post evaluation, assessment of trainee participation in the quarterly tele ECHO clinic as well as periodic assignments, respectively.ResultOver ten months of the NIMHANS ECHO program, there was a significant improvement in the participants' knowledge post-ECHO (p < 0.05, t = −3.52). Self-efficacy in diagnosis and management of mental health problems approached significance; p < 0.001. Increased engagement in tele-ECHO sessions was associated with better performance for declarative and procedural knowledge. The attrition rate was low (5 out of 30 dropped out), and satisfaction ratings of the course were high across all fields. The participants reported a 10- fold increase in the number of patients with mental health problems they had seen, following the training. A statistically significant increase in the number of psychotropic drugs prescribed post ECHO with t = −3.295, p = 0.01.ConclusionThe outcomes indicate that the NIMHANS ECHO with high participant commitment is a model with capacity building potential in mental health and addiction for remote and rural areas by leveraging technology. This model has the potential to be expanded to other states in the country in providing mental health care to persons in need of care.

scholarly journals Sporting memories & the social inclusion of older people experiencing mental health problems

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Clark ◽  
Charlie Murphy ◽  
Tony Jameson-Allen ◽  
Chris Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older People ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Well Being

Purpose – Social exclusion and isolation of older people and their mental health are likely to be more significant, interlinked issues for society as countries experience an ageing demographic profile. The authors urgently need to identify effective ways of addressing these challenges that can be easily mobilised to meet diverse needs in different settings. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of sporting memories (SM) work as one approach to help meet this need. This SM work entails the use of sports-based reminiscence to engage with older people experiencing mental health problems. To date this has especially focused on people living with dementia in institutional and in community settings. Design/methodology/approach – The paper sets out the SM idea and discusses lessons learnt from case studies of its application to meet the inclusion and mental health needs of different older people in institutional and community settings. Findings – The evidence from the application of SM work to date is that it is an effective and flexible means of engaging people to improve their social inclusion and mental well-being. It can be readily deployed in various care and community settings. Research limitations/implications – The evidence to date is of case studies of the use of SM work, and, although these are now extensive case studies, further research is needed on the costs and impacts of SM work. Practical implications – SM work is a flexible and readily adoptable intervention to engage older people and help improve their social inclusion and mental well-being. Social implications – SM work can be an important part of meeting some of the challenges society faces with an ageing population profile. Originality/value – This is the first paper to set out the SM work.

scholarly journals Causal and mediating factors for anxiety, depression and well-being

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kinderman ◽  
Sara Tai ◽  
Eleanor Pontin ◽  
Matthias Schwannauer ◽  
Ian Jarman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between well-being and mental ill health is complex; people may experience very low levels of well-being even in the absence of overt mental health problems.AimsThis study tested the hypothesis that anxiety, depression and well-being have different causal determinants and psychological mediating mechanisms.MethodThe influence of causal and mediating factors on anxiety, depression and well-being were investigated in a cross-sectional online questionnaire survey hosted on a UK national broadcasting website.ResultsMultivariate conditional independence analysis of data from 27 397 participants revealed different association pathways for the two constructs. Anxiety and depression were associated with negative life events mediated by rumination; low levels of subjective well-being were associated with material deprivation and social isolation, mediated by adaptive coping style.ConclusionsOur findings support the ‘two continua’ model of the relationship between psychological well-being and mental health problems, with implications for both treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals Study of correlation between social determinants on mental health status of adolescent school students of Patna, Bihar, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1561
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Anil Kumar Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Mental Well Being

Background: The status of mental well-being is a function of emotional well-being, psychological well-being and social well-being, and includes aspects like cognitive and social skills, emotional capacity, empathy, ability to cope with adverse events, and capability to function within a society. Various studies have found strong correlations between a person’s immediate surroundings to how they perceive their well-being as well as their actual status of mental health. On one hand, social determinants affect the causation, severity and outcome of mental well-being, on the other hand the state of mental well-being affects the social determinants by affecting personal freedom, ability to make healthy life choices etc. This makes the study of social determinants of mental health very significant.Methods: A cross-sectional, exploratory study of qualitative nature was undertaken in Patna among School going students between the ages 13-17. A self-administered peer reviewed questionnaire was used for data collection.Results: Of 400 participants 19% have features of depression and other mental health problems. Females were more affected. Students of low socioeconomic group (41.6%) and of single parent family (40%) were affected.Conclusions: Mental health problems are very common in adolescent school students. Active steps must be taken to increase awareness about depression among teachers and parents. Early intervention can help prevent worsening of depression and its impact on life.

scholarly journals The Association between Parental Support and Adolescents’ Psychological Complaints: The Mediating Role of a Good School Climate

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Joacim Ramberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Good School ◽  
Mental Well Being

Parental support is an important factor affecting young people’s mental well-being, but the school climate also plays an important role. However, few studies have previously examined whether the school climate serves as a mediator for adolescents’ mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental support and students’ psychological complaints, while also examining the possible mediating role that a good school climate may have. Data derives from 5783 senior-level students (age 15–16) distributed over 152 school units in Stockholm municipality. Regression linear analysis was used for the analysis and Baron and Kenny’s four-step mediation model has been applied. Sobel’s test was conducted in order to test the significance of the mediation effect. The results show that there is a significant negative association between parental support and students’ psychological complaints, and that school climate has a mediating role in this association. It can be concluded that school climate has a partly mediating role in the association between parental support and students’ psychological complaints. Therefore, it seems important to develop the school climate in order to strengthen this source of support to reduce mental health problems among adolescents.

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