Self-Reported Inattention in Early Adolescence in a Community Sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Connors ◽  
Jennifer Connolly ◽  
Maggie E. Toplak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Parental Reports ◽  
Sample Method

Objective : Inattention is typically associated with ADHD, but less research has been done to examine the correlates of self-reported inattention in youth in a community sample. Method: Associations among self-reported inattention, parent-reported inattention, and self-reported psychopathology in children aged 10 to 11 years are examined. Self-reported inattention is also examined as a predictor of outcomes in peer relationships and victimization at ages 10 and 11 and in peer relationships at ages 14 and 15. Results: Children’s self-reports of inattention correlate with parental reports and are associated with self-reports of hyperactivity-impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and conduct problems. Participants in the high-inattention group are at greater risk for victimization and poor peer relationships at ages 10 and 11 years after covarying for psychopathology ratings. Self-reported inattention uniquely predicts poor peer relationships longitudinally at age 14 and 15 years. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of examining children’s self-report of inattention and identifies inattention as a risk factor for current and later outcomes.

Parental Overprotection and Metacognitions as Predictors of Worry and Anxiety

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcantonio M. Spada ◽  
Gabriele Caselli ◽  
Chiara Manfredi ◽  
Daniela Rebecchi ◽  
Francesco Rovetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
Relative Contribution

Background: Parental overprotection may have a direct effect on worry through hindering children's exploration experiences and preventing the learning of action-oriented coping strategies (Cheron, Ehrenreich and Pincus, 2009; Nolen-Hoeksema, Wolfson, Mumme and Guskin, 1995) and an indirect effect through fostering the development of maladaptive metacognitions that are associated with the activation of worry and the escalation of anxiety (Wells, 2000). Aim: The aim was to investigate the relative contribution of recalled parental overprotection in childhood and metacognitions in predicting current levels of worry. Method: A community sample (n = 301) was administered four self-report instruments to assess parental overprotection, metacognitions, anxiety and worry. Results: Metacognitions were found to predict levels of worry independently of gender, anxiety and parental overprotection. They were also found to predict anxiety independently of gender, worry and parental overprotection. Conclusions: The combination of a family environment perceived to be characterized by overprotection and high levels of maladaptive metacognitions are a risk factor for the development of worry.

scholarly journals Getting What You Expect: Negative Social Expectations in Early Adolescence Predict Hostile Romantic Partnerships and Friendships Into Adulthood

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Loeb ◽  
Joseph S. Tan ◽  
Elenda T. Hessel ◽  
Joseph P. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Negative Expectations ◽  
Selection Of

Adolescents’ negative expectations of their peers were examined as predictors of their future selection of hostile partners, in a community sample of 184 adolescents followed from ages 13 to 24. Utilizing observational data, close friend- and self-reports, adolescents with more negative expectations at age 13 were found to be more likely to form relationships with observably hostile romantic partners and friends with hostile attitudes by age 18 even after accounting for baseline levels of friend hostile attitudes at age 13 and adolescents’ own hostile behavior and attitudes. Furthermore, the presence of friends with hostile attitudes at age 18 in turn predicted higher levels of adult friend hostile attitudes at age 24. Results suggest the presence of a considerable degree of continuity from negative expectations to hostile partnerships from adolescence well into adulthood.

Anger Regulation and Social Acceptance in Early Adolescence

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carisa Perry-Parrish ◽  
Lindsey Webb ◽  
Janice Zeman ◽  
Sarah Spencer ◽  
Celeste Malone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Black Girls ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anger Regulation ◽  
White Girls ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Ethnicity Differences ◽  
Peer Nominations

Anger regulation among adolescents is important to investigate given theoretical and empirical support for its critical association with peer relationships. This study examined two aspects of anger regulation (i.e., inhibition, dysregulation) using self-report and peer-nominations and their associations with social acceptance among 163 Black and White adolescents ([Formula: see text] = 13.87 years). We explored gender and ethnicity differences in anger regulation predicting peer acceptance. Self-reports and peer-nominations of anger regulation were significantly correlated. Within-gender ethnicity differences in anger regulation were found: White girls reported higher levels of anger inhibition than Black girls, and Black girls reported higher levels of anger dysregulation than White girls. For all adolescents, self-reports and nominations of anger inhibition were associated with higher levels of social acceptance, whereas nominations of anger dysregulation predicted lower social acceptance. The results indicate the importance of considering gender and ethnicity in adolescents’ anger management within peer contexts.

scholarly journals Psychometric evaluation of the Affect Regulation Checklist: Clinical and community samples, parent-reports and youth self-reports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Goulter ◽  
Sherene Balanji ◽  
Brooke A. Davis ◽  
Tim James ◽  
Cassia L. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Affect Dysregulation ◽  
Self Reports

The Affect Regulation Checklist (ARC) was designed to capture affect dysregulation, suppression, and reflection. Importantly, affect dysregulation has been established as a transdiagnostic mechanism underpinning many forms of psychopathology. We tested the ARC psychometric properties across clinical and community samples and through both parent-report and youth self-report information. Clinical sample: participants included parents (n=814; Mage=43.86) and their child (n=608; Mage=13.98). Community sample: participants included parents (n=578; Mage=45.12) and youth (n=809; Mage=15.67). Exploratory structural equation modeling supported a three-factor structure across samples and informants. Dysregulation was positively associated with all forms of psychopathology. In general, suppression was positively associated with many forms of psychopathology, and reflection was negatively associated with externalizing problems and positively associated with internalizing problems.

scholarly journals Comparing self-report and parental report of psychopathologies in adolescents with substance use disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sören Kuitunen-Paul ◽  
Anna Eichler ◽  
Melina Wiedmann ◽  
Lukas A. Basedow ◽  
Veit Roessner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Parental Reports

AbstractBoth internalizing and externalizing psychopathologies interfere with the treatment of substance use disorders (SUD) in adolescents. Self-reports of psychopathologies are likely biased and may be validated with parental reports. We compared N = 70 standardized self-reports of adolescents entering outpatient SUD treatment (13.2–18.6 years old, 43% female) to parental reports on the same psychopathologies, and explored biases due to gender, age, SUD diagnoses and SUD severity. Bivariate bootstrapped Pearson correlation coefficients revealed several small to moderate correlations between both reporting sources (r = 0.29–0.49, all pcorrected ≤ 0.039). A repeated measures MANOVA revealed moderately stronger parental reports of adolescent psychopathologies compared to adolescent self-reports for most externalizing problems (dissocial and aggressive behaviors, p ≤ 0.016, η2part = 0.09–0.12) and social/attention problems (p ≤ 0.012, η2part = 0.10), but no differences for most internalizing problems (p ≥ 0.073, η2part = 0.02–0.05). Differences were not associated with other patient or parental characteristics including age, gender, number of co-occurring diagnoses or presence/absence of a certain SUD (all puncorrected ≥ 0.088). We concluded that treatment-seeking German adolescents with SUD present with a multitude of extensive psychopathologies. The relevant deviation between self- and parental reports indicate that the combination of both reports might help to counteract dissimulation and other reporting biases. The generalizability of results to inpatients, psychiatry patients in general, or adolescents without SUD, as well as the validity of self- and parental reports in comparison to clinical judgements remain unknown.

scholarly journals The Relation of Callous–Unemotional Traits and Bullying in Early Adolescence Is Independent from Sex and Age and Moderated by Conduct Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Gennaro Catone ◽  
Luisa Almerico ◽  
Anna Pezzella ◽  
Maria Pia Riccio ◽  
Carmela Bravaccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Bullying Perpetration ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
The Relationship

In youths, callous–unemotional (CU) traits and conduct problems (CP) are independently associated with bullying perpetration and these effects are also observed when controlling for sex. Moreover, research indicates that the co-existence of high levels of both CU and CP further increase the risk. Although several studies have examined the relationship between CU traits and traditional bullying, few have also included a measure of cyberbullying and very few of them have focused the early adolescence. The aim of this study was to replicate and extend these findings in a large sample of Italian early adolescents considering both traditional and cyberbullying behaviors. Data were extracted from the Bullying and Youth Mental Health Naples study (BYMHNS) which included 2959 students of 10–15 years of age. CP, CU traits, traditional bullying behaviors, and cyberbullying behaviors were assessed by multi-item self-report scales. As expected, we replicated the significant and specific association between CU traits and traditional bullying, extending the findings to cyberbullying. In addition, in the latter case the effect was moderated by CP. The theoretical and clinical implications of these results were discussed.

scholarly journals Evidence on the Conceptual Distinctness of Normal Grief From Depression

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Joachim Wittkowski ◽  
Rainer Scheuchenpflug
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Loss Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sample Method

Abstract. Background: The distinctness of grief from depression has been the subject of a long scholarly debate, even influencing definitions of diagnostic criteria. Aims: This study aims at clarifying the issue by a multifaceted analysis of data from a large German sample. Method: A community sample of 406 bereaved persons answered the Wuerzburg Grief Inventory (WGI), a multidimensional grief questionnaire designed to measure normal grief in the German language, and the General Depression Scale – Short Version (GDS-S), a self-report depression scale. Data were analyzed by factor analysis to identify structural (dis-)similarities of the constructs, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the influence of the factors relationship to the deceased, type of death, and time since loss on grief measures and depression scores. Results: Factor analysis clustered items referring to grief-related impairments and depression into one factor, items referring to other dimensions of grief on separate factors, however. Relationship to the deceased influenced the grief measures impairments and nearness to the deceased, but not depression scores if controlled for impairments. Type of death showed specific effects on grief scores, but not on depression scores. Time since loss influenced grief scores, but not depression scores. Limitations: The analysis is based on a self-selected community sample of grieving persons, self-report measures, and in part, on cross-sectional data. Conclusion: Factor analysis and objective data show a clear distinction of dimensions of grief and depression. The human experience of grief contains a sense of nearness to the lost person, feelings of guilt, and positive aspects of the loss experience in addition to components resembling depression.

scholarly journals Negative parental discipline, conduct problems and callous–unemotional traits: monozygotic twin differences study

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essi Viding ◽  
Nathalie M. G. Fontaine ◽  
Bonamy R. Oliver ◽  
Robert Plomin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Environmental Risk Factor ◽  
Parental Discipline ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits

BackgroundNegative parenting practices may be an environmental risk factor for subsequent conduct problems. Research on the association between parenting practices and callous–unemotional traits, a risk factor for conduct problems, has produced mixed findings.AimsTo investigate whether negative parental discipline is a non-shared environmental risk factor for the development of conduct problems and callous–unemotional traits.MethodLongitudinal, multi-informant data from a community sample of twins were analysed using the monozygotic (MZ) twin differences design for 4508 twins (2254 twin pairs).ResultsWithin MZ twin pairs, the twin receiving more negative parental discipline at 7 years had more conduct problems (but not more callous–unemotional traits) at 12 years.ConclusionsDuring the transition to early adolescence, negative parental discipline operates as a non-shared environmental risk factor for development of conduct problems, but not for the development of callous–unemotional traits.

Indirect Assessment of Attitudes with Response-Time-Based Measures

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Degner ◽  
Dirk Wentura ◽  
Klaus Rothermund
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Scale Theory ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories

Abstract: We review research on response-latency based (“implicit”) measures of attitudes by examining what hopes and intentions researchers have associated with their usage. We identified the hopes of (1) gaining better measures of interindividual differences in attitudes as compared to self-report measures (quality hope); (2) better predicting behavior, or predicting other behaviors, as compared to self-reports (incremental validity hope); (3) linking social-cognitive theories more adequately to empirical research (theory-link hope). We argue that the third hope should be the starting point for using these measures. Any attempt to improve these measures should include the search for a small-scale theory that adequately explains the basic effects found with such a measure. To date, small-scale theories for different measures are not equally well developed.

An Alternative to Self-Reports of Trait and State Affect

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Quirin ◽  
Regina C. Bode
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Artificial Language ◽  
Cognitive Representation ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
State Affect ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Automatic Activation

Self-report measures for the assessment of trait or state affect are typically biased by social desirability or self-delusion. The present work provides an overview of research using a recently developed measure of automatic activation of cognitive representation of affective experiences, the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT). In the IPANAT, participants judge the extent to which nonsense words from an alleged artificial language express a number of affective states or traits. The test demonstrates appropriate factorial validity and reliabilities. We review findings that support criterion validity and, additionally, present novel variants of this procedure for the assessment of the discrete emotions such as happiness, anger, sadness, and fear.

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