A Randomized Controlled Study of a Cognitive Behavioral Planning Intervention for College Students With ADHD: An Effectiveness Study in Student Counseling Services in Flanders

Objective: The effectiveness of a short (six session) individual cognitive behavioral planning intervention for college students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was tested. Method: In three student counseling services in Flanders, individuals with ADHD ( N = 58) were randomized to the intervention or waitlist condition. Pre- and posttreatment assessments were conducted, and within the intervention group, a 4-month follow-up was conducted. Primary outcomes were ADHD symptoms and study skills; secondary outcomes were comorbid symptoms and planning skills on a neuropsychological task. Results: Intent-to-treat analyses showed a significant interaction on one outcome: inattention symptoms. The treatment condition improved from pretest to posttest, whereas the waitlist did not. Other measures showed large significant time effects (improved skills, reduction of symptoms in both groups) but no interactions. Stability analyses were not possible due to substantial dropout at follow-up. Conclusion: Specific treatment effects are on one outcome (inattention) and modest; for further implementation, the treatment needs adaptation.

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The Efficacy of Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Migraine Headache: A Randomized Clinical Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1143097/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Forouzandeh Soleimanian-Boroujeni ◽

Negin Badihian ◽

Shervin Badihian ◽

Vahid Shaygannejad ◽

Yousef Gorji

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Therapy Termination ◽

Protocol Registration ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction: Psychological interventions are shown to be effective in migraine, but not utilized routinely yet. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (TCBT) on people with migraine (PwM). Method: This study was conducted on 40 PwM aged 20-50 years. We randomly assigned participants to two groups of intervention, receiving 10 sessions of TCBT, and control. Days with headache, headache severity, migraine-related disability and effects on daily life, number of pain-relivers taken for headache, depression, and anxiety were assessed pre-intervention, post-intervention (three-month follow-up), and one-month after TCBT termination (four-month follow-up).Results: Thirty-five participants suffering moderate to severe migraine completed the study (16 and 19 in TCBT and control groups, respectively). TCBT improved all measured items between study time-points (p<0.05) in the intervention group, while such an improvement was not observed in the control group. Between group comparisons revealed superiority of TCBT group compared to the control group in most measured items at three- and four-month follow-ups (p<0.05).Conclusion: Ten sessions of TCBT improved migraine severity, associated disability, anxiety, and depression in PwM, with persistent effects after one month of therapy termination. TCBT is an affordable, practical, and feasible intervention to be utilized for PwM.Protocol registration: The study protocol was registered in clinicaltrial.gov (NCT03701477) prior to enrollment.

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‘Teach-back’ is a simple communication tool that improves disease knowledge in people with chronic hepatitis B – a pilot randomized controlled study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7658-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophie Tran ◽

Gabrielle Bennett ◽

Jacqui Richmond ◽

Tin Nguyen ◽

Marno Ryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Medical Consultation ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Communication Tool ◽

Specific Knowledge ◽

Baseline Knowledge ◽

Disease Specific

Abstract Background The low diagnosis rate and poor access to clinical care among people with CHB is a major barrier to reducing HBV-related morbidity and mortality in Australia. One explanation for this is a lack of disease-specific knowledge among people living with CHB. Health literacy has been shown to be important for maximising engagement with medical care and adherence to recommended management. The ‘teach-back’ communication strategy has been shown to improve patient understanding in other clinical areas. This study aims to assess disease-specific knowledge; and evaluate the efficacy of the teach-back strategy for improving HBV knowledge, compared to a standard medical consultation. Method A randomized pilot study was conducted between February and June 2017. Participants were recruited from the liver clinic at an inner-city tertiary hospital. English-speaking patients aged ≥18 years and diagnosed with CHB were eligible for the study. Participants were randomised to a control group (medical specialist appointment) and intervention group (teach-back). Knowledge was assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and at one month using a validated questionnaire. Participants in the intervention group received a one-on-one teach-back session about CHB. The main outcome measure was a combined knowledge score of the domains assessed – transmission, natural history, epidemiology and prevention and clinical management. Results Seventy participants were recruited (control n = 32, teach-back n = 38). Mean baseline knowledge score was 19.1 out of 23 with 55 (79%) participants scoring ≥17.3 (defined as high knowledge) (7). Sub-analysis of CHB knowledge domains identified focal deficits concerning transmission and whether HBV is curable. Knowledge scores were found to be positively associated with English proficiency and antiviral treatment experience (p < 0.05). Teach-back was associated with a significant increase in CHB knowledge at early recall (22.5 vs 18.7, p < 0.001) and at 1-month follow-up (21.9 vs 18.7, p < 0.001); there was no improvement in CHB knowledge associated with standard clinical consultant (early recall: 19.6 vs 19.4, p = 0.49, one-month follow-up: 19.5 vs 19.4, p = 0.94). Conclusion In a tertiary hospital liver clinic population, baseline knowledge about CHB was good, but there were focal deficits concerning transmission and potential for cure. Teach-back was associated with improvement in CHB knowledge and it is a simple communication tool suitable for incorporation into a standard medical consultation.

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Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App “Calm” to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.14273 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jennifer Huberty ◽

Jeni Green ◽

Christine Glissmann ◽

Linda Larkey ◽

Megan Puzia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Mindfulness Meditation ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Mobile App ◽

Control Group ◽

Wait List Control ◽

Self Compassion ◽

Mean Differences

BACKGROUND College students experience high levels of stress. Mindfulness meditation delivered via a mobile app may be an appealing, efficacious way to reduce stress in college students. OBJECTIVE We aimed to test the initial efficacy and sustained effects of an 8-week mindfulness meditation mobile app—Calm—compared to a wait-list control on stress, mindfulness, and self-compassion in college students with elevated stress. We also explored the intervention’s effect on health behaviors (ie, sleep disturbance, alcohol consumption [binge drinking], physical activity, and healthy eating [fruit and vegetable consumption]) and the feasibility and acceptability of the app. METHODS This study was a randomized, wait-list, control trial with assessments at baseline, postintervention (8 weeks), and at follow-up (12 weeks). Participants were eligible if they were current full-time undergraduate students and (1) at least 18 years of age, (2) scored ≥14 points on the Perceived Stress Scale, (3) owned a smartphone, (4) were willing to download the Calm app, (5) were willing to be randomized, and (7) were able to read and understand English. Participants were asked to meditate using Calm at least 10 minutes per day. A P value ≤.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 88 participants were included in the analysis. The mean age (SD) was 20.41 (2.31) years for the intervention group and 21.85 (6.3) years for the control group. There were significant differences in all outcomes (stress, mindfulness, and self-compassion) between the intervention and control groups after adjustment for covariates postintervention (all P<.04). These effects persisted at follow-up (all P<.03), except for the nonreacting subscale of mindfulness (P=.08). There was a significant interaction between group and time factors in perceived stress (P=.002), mindfulness (P<.001), and self-compassion (P<.001). Bonferroni posthoc tests showed significant within-group mean differences for perceived stress in the intervention group (P<.001), while there were no significant within-group mean differences in the control group (all P>.19). Similar results were found for mindfulness and self-compassion. Effect sizes ranged from moderate (0.59) to large (1.24) across all outcomes. A significant group×time interaction in models of sleep disturbance was found, but no significant effects were found for other health behaviors. The majority of students in the intervention group reported that Calm was helpful to reduce stress and stated they would use Calm in the future. The majority were satisfied using Calm and likely to recommend it to other college students. The intervention group participated in meditation for an average of 38 minutes/week during the intervention and 20 minutes/week during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Calm is an effective modality to deliver mindfulness meditation in order to reduce stress and improve mindfulness and self-compassion in stressed college students. Our findings provide important information that can be applied to the design of future studies or mental health resources in university programs. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03891810; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03891810

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Mereduksi Kecemasan Siswa Melalui Konseling Cognitive Behavioral

Indonesian Journal of Educational Counseling ◽

10.30653/001.201931.46 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30

Author(s):

I Putu Agus Apriliana ◽

Kadek Suranata ◽

I Ketut Dharsana

Keyword(s):

Academic Success ◽

School Counselor ◽

Behavioral Approach ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Counseling Services ◽

Guidance And Counseling ◽

Student Anxiety ◽

Behavioral Counseling ◽

Guilty Feeling

REDUCING STUDENTS’ ANXIETY THROUGH COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING. Anxiety experienced by students at school can later affect their academic success at school. For this reason, this study tries to describe students' anxiety and efforts to reduce them through cognitive behavioral counseling. Anxiety in students can be interpreted as a condition that is full of worries and fears, feeling depressed, not calm, feeling guilty, feeling insecure and chaotic-minded accompanied by physical tension to certain situations. The characteristics of students who experience anxiety are divided into three parts, namely physical, behavioral and cognitive. The steps to reduce student anxiety through cognitive behavioral counseling are 1) identifying and knowing the level of student anxiety, 2) carrying out cognitive behavioral counseling, namely: initiating counseling, discussing content in the session, checking the events of the previous week, Core counseling , assigning tasks for the next meeting, and evaluating the session. Then, 3) Follow up. This article is expected to contribute as a scientific literature in the field of guidance and counseling, especially for school counselor in dealing with student anxiety through counseling services using a cognitive behavioral approach at school.

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Telephone-Based Reeducation of Drug Administration for Helicobacterpylori Eradication: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/8972473 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yan Zhao ◽

Mudan Ren ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Guifang Lu ◽

Xinlan Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eradication Rate ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Eradication Therapy ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Event Rates

Poor adherence to treatment instructions may play an important role in the failure of Helicobacter pylori eradication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of telephone-based reeducation on 14-day quadruple H. pylori eradication therapy. In total, 162 patients were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to either the intervention group (patients received telephone-based reeducation on the 4th, 7th, and 10th days of the course) or the control group (patients received instructions only at the time of getting the prescriptions). All patients received a 14-day quadruple H. pylori eradication therapy. The primary outcome was the H. pylori eradication rate. The secondary outcomes included the symptom relief rates and the incidence rates of adverse events. Seventy-five patients in the reeducation group and 74 patients in the control group completed the follow-up. The H. pylori eradication rate in the reeducation group was statistically higher than that in the control group (intention-to-treat: 72.8% vs. 50.6%, P=0.006; per-protocol: 78.7% vs. 55.4%, P=0.003). However, the symptom relief rates and the adverse event rates in these two groups were not significantly different. Overall, the results from this study suggest that telephone-based reeducation can be potentially applied to improve the H. pylori eradication rate in clinical practice, without significantly increasing the adverse effects.

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A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Study Evaluating the Effect of a Standardised Education Programme on Quality of Life, Disease Severity, and Disease Knowledge in Patients with Moderate-To-Severe Psoriasis: The EDUPSO Study

Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000520289 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Fatma Jendoubi ◽

Stefana Balica ◽

Marie Aleth Richard ◽

Christine Chiaverini ◽

Claire Bernier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Education Programme ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomised Controlled Study ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

To Receive

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that has a profound effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Patient education programmes may help patients to gain life-long control over their chronic disease. Objective: This multicentre randomised controlled study evaluated whether a standardised multidisciplinary education programme was beneficial to psoriasis patients. Methods: Adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis were randomly assigned (1:1) to an intervention group to receive an educational programme or to a control group to receive usual care. Randomization was stratified by previous treatment history. The primary outcome was HRQoL, assessed by scoring the Skindex-29 domains emotion, symptom, and functioning. Psoriasis severity was assessed using the psoriasis area severity index (PASI). Levels of perceived stress, patient knowledge about psoriasis, and patient satisfaction were also assessed. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: A total 142 patients formed the intention-to-treat population: 70 in the control group and 72 in the intervention group. Skindex component scores and the PASI were significantly lower at 3, 6, and 12 months as compared to baseline in both groups, but no significant differences were found between the groups. Knowledge about psoriasis improved significantly during follow-up amongst patients from the intervention group compared to controls (68% of correct answers vs. 56%; p < 0.01). Patient satisfaction with psoriasis management and treatment was also better in the intervention group. Conclusions: The standardised education programme did not improve HRQoL and disease severity in psoriasis, but led to a significant improvement in patient knowledge about the disease and increased patient satisfaction.

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School-Based Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Program For Addressing Anxiety In 10- To 11-Year-Olds Using Short Classroom Activities: A Quasi-Experimental Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49225/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuko Urao ◽

Michiko Yoshida ◽

Yasunori Sato ◽

Eiji Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Intervention ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽

Classroom Activities ◽

School Based ◽

Children’S Anxiety

Abstract Background: Several school-based cognitive behavioral intervention programs have been developed to prevent and improve children’s anxiety disorders. Most programs require a duration of more than 10 hours for completion. We developed a cognitive behavioral program called “Journey of the Brave.” The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the brief version of the program among 10- to 11-year-old children using 20-minute short classroom activities. Methods: A total of 90 children were divided into two groups (the intervention group, n=31 and the control group, n=59). The control group did not attend any program sessions and followed the regular school curriculum. We conducted fourteen weekly program sessions and assessed children at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 2-month follow-up (6 months after the start). The primary outcome measure was children’s anxiety symptoms, measured using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS), and the secondary outcome measure was behavior problems, measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).Results: A statistically significant reduction in the SCAS score in the intervention group was found at 2-month follow up compared with the control group. Significant reduction was also observed in the SDQ score. Conclusions: Our study suggested that this “Journey of the Brave” program, which requires only 5 hours using short classroom activities, demonstrated a similar effectiveness as the previous programs, which required over 10 hours.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000009021, Registered 10 March 2012, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/icdr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000010575

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Effects of a nine-month occupational intervention on health-related quality of life

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494817695912 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 452-458

Author(s):

Birgitta Ojala ◽

Clas-Håkan Nygård ◽

Heini Huhtala ◽

Seppo T. Nikkari

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Base Line ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vocationally outpatient oriented rehabilitation on an intervention group, compared with a control group that did not take part in the intervention. The groups were compared for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) by the quantitative indicator RAND 36. Data were obtained by a self-report at baseline and at nine months follow-up. Differences between base-line and follow-up were analyzed within group and between the groups. The study population consisted of 751 municipal employees aged between 26 and 64 years; an intervention with 463 women and 115 men ( n = 578), and a control group with 138 women and 35 men ( n = 173). In this study we focused on those who had answered to all questions in RAND 36, thus 581 remained. Of these, 388 were in the intervention group (mean age 49.0 years) and 110 in the control group (mean age 48.4 years). Intervention was based on cognitive behavioral therapy. Participants in the 9-month outpatient intervention group showed statistically significant increase in all eight RAND 36 areas. Most improvement was seen in the psychosocial functioning index ( p = 0.002). Although there were no statistically significant changes in RAND 36 components in the control group, difference in changes between groups were seen in energy and fatigue ( p < 0.001), social functioning ( p = 0.032) and general health perceptions 0.027 in favor of the intervention group. The results suggest that a cognitive behavioral intervention as an early rehabilitation program is effective in increasing employees’ quality of life, as measured by RAND 36.

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Effectiveness of an Individual Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for Serious, Young Male Violent Offenders: Randomized Controlled Study With Twenty-Four-Month Follow-Up

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.670957 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Lardén ◽

Jens Högström ◽

Niklas Långström

Keyword(s):

Institutional Care ◽

Young Male ◽

Skills Training ◽

Violent Offenders ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Criminal Recidivism ◽

Intent To Treat

Background: Psychological recidivism-reducing interventions with serious, young violent offenders in residential care have unsatisfactory effects. We tested if a complementary individual cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention focusing problem-solving, cognitive self-control, and relapse prevention reduces criminal recidivism beyond usual institutional care encompassing interventions such as social skills training and prosocial modeling (treatment-as-usual; TAU).Method: We consecutively approached 115 eligible serious, male violent crime offenders in five residential treatment homes run by the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. Eighty-one (70%) 16 to 21-year-old youth at medium-high violent recidivism risk were included and randomized to an individualized 15 to 20-session CBT intervention plus TAU (n = 38) or to TAU-only (n = 43), 4–6 months before release to the community. Participants were assessed pre- and post-treatment, at 12 months (self-reported aggressive behavior, reconvictions) and 24 months (reconvictions) after release. Intent-to-treat analyses were applied.Results: The violent reconviction rate was slightly higher for iCBT+TAU vs. TAU-only youth at 12 months (34 vs. 23%, d = 0.30, 95% CI: −0.24 to 0.84) and 24 months following release (50 vs. 40%, d = 0.23, 95% CI: −0.25 to 0.72), but neither of these differences were significant. Cox regression modeling also suggested non-significantly, negligibly to slightly more violent, and any criminal recidivism in iCBT+TAU vs. TAU-only youth during the entire follow-up. Further, we found no significant between-group differences in conduct problems, aggression, and antisocial cognitions, although both iCBT+TAU and TAU-only participants reported small to large within-group reductions across outcome measures at post-treatment. Finally, the 12-month follow-up suggested marginally more DSM-5 Conduct Disorder (CD) symptoms of “aggression to people and animals” in iCBT+TAU vs. TAU-only youth (d = 0.10, 95% CI: −0.40 to 0.60) although this difference was not significant.Conclusion: We found no additive effect of individual CBT beyond group-based TAU in residential psychological treatment for serious, young male violent offenders. Limited sample size and substantial treatment dropout reduced the robustness of intent-to-treat effect estimates. We discuss the possible impact of treatment dose and integrity, participant retention, and TAU quality.

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Impact of Testing on Sexually Transmitted Infections among Female Brothel Sex Workers in Bangladesh: A Randomized Controlled Trial

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.20-0942 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Asad Islam ◽

HongQi Alexis Tan ◽

Claire C. Bristow ◽

Md Golam Hasnain ◽

Russell Smyth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Control Group ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Randomized Controlled

Past studies that have designed interventions to reduce the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have typically provided onsite treatment to sex workers who tested positive, which were expensive and difficult to implement. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an intervention which tested for STIs and provided information on the closest treatment facility on reducing the prevalence of STIs among female brothel-based sex workers (BSWs) in Bangladesh. The study adopted a pre–post interventional design as well as a randomized controlled study design. A baseline sample and follow-up urine sample were collected to evaluate the prevalence of STIs among participants in the treatment, but not control group. A baseline survey and interviews were also conducted for both the groups. The study found a nonsignificant reduction from baseline to follow-up in STI prevalence among intervention participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.38, 1.45). However, the participants in the intervention group were significantly more likely to have a repeat client (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.29) and nonsignificantly less likely to engage with a client suspected of having an STI (aOR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.00) than participants in the control group. The intervention testing of STIs and providing information to the positive cases about nearest treatment facilities were not effective in reducing the prevalence of STIs among BSWs. Further study of the clinical and behavioral impacts of such efforts to reduce STIs among BSWs is warranted.

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