Intralesional Antigen Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Periungual Warts

2021 ◽  
pp. 120347542098885
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nofal ◽  
Rania Alakad ◽  
Ibrahim Fouda ◽  
Mohamed M. Fawzy
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Purified Protein Derivative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Option ◽  
Safe Treatment Option

Background Intralesional immunotherapy using different types of antigens is considered an effective and safe treatment option for different types of warts. However, there are few studies that illustrate the use of these antigens in the treatment of periungual warts as a distinct type of warts. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three antigens: measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine, Candida antigen, and purified protein derivative (PPD) in the treatment of periungual warts. Methods The study included 150 patients who were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 50 patients in each. Each agent was injected intralesionally at a dose of 0.1 mL into the largest wart at 2-week intervals until complete clearance or for a maximum of 5 sessions. Results Complete clearance of warts was observed in 70%, 80%, and 74% in PPD, Candida antigen, and MMR vaccine groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the therapeutic response between the 3 studied groups. Adverse effects were transient and insignificant in the 3 groups. No recurrence of the lesions was reported in any of the studied groups. Conclusions Intralesional antigen immunotherapy seems to be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of periungual warts.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Intralesional Purified Protein Derivative for Cutaneous Warts: A Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Faye V. Obbus ◽  
Jay-V James G. Barit ◽  
Claudine Yap-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Purified Protein Derivative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cutaneous Warts

Introduction. Intralesional purified protein derivative (PPD) is an affordable therapeutic option that has been studied for cutaneous warts. However, the lack of good evidence precludes its widespread use. Objective. To determine the efficacy and safety of intralesional PPD in the treatment of cutaneous warts. Methods. A systematic search for controlled clinical trials comparing intralesional PPD and placebo or any conventional therapy was conducted using electronic databases. The included studies were assessed for risk of bias, and data such as clearance rate of target and distant lesions, recurrence rate, and adverse events were extracted. Analysis was done through RevMan v5.3 Results. Four controlled clinical trials composed of 205 patients were included. All of the studies compared intralesional PPD to placebo as comparator. Intralesional PPD had a significantly higher clearance rate of target wart (RR=0.43[0.22,0.84], P=0.01) and a significantly higher clearance rate of distant lesions (RR=0.59[0.41,0.85], P=0.005) as compared to placebo. However, there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate (RR=0 [-0.07,0.07], P=0.98). Adverse events reported were only considered minor. Conclusion. Intralesional PPD is an effective and safe treatment option for cutaneous warts. However, more well-structured RCTs with longer follow-up period and those comparing it with conventional treatment are needed to further support its use.

Intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Versus Intralesional Candida Antigen in the Treatment of Common and Plantar Warts

2021 ◽  
pp. 120347542199113
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nofal ◽  
Reda Ezz El-arab ◽  
Mohamed Nasr ◽  
Rania Alakad
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Common Warts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Plantar Warts

Background Intralesional immunotherapy has been effectively used in the treatment of warts; however, comparative studies between different antigens are limited. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine compared with intralesional Candida antigen for the treatment of multiple common and plantar warts. Methods Sixty-eight adult patients with multiple common and plantar warts were randomly assigned into two groups, each containing 34 patients. The first group received intralesional MMR vaccine, while the second group received intralesional Candida antigen. Each treatment was injected into the largest wart at 2-week intervals until complete clearance or for a maximum of 5 sessions. Results The overall therapeutic response was higher in the Candida antigen group (73.5%) compared with the MMR group (67.7%); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Complete clearance of common warts was higher in the Candida antigen group, while that of plantar warts was higher in the MMR group. Adverse effects were transient and well tolerated in both groups. No recurrence was detected during the 6-month follow-up period. Conclusion Intralesional MMR and intralesional Candida antigen showed comparable efficacy and safety in the treatment of common and plantar warts.

scholarly journals Intralesional Measles Mumps Rubella vaccine versus BCG in the treatment of multiple cutaneous warts: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (e) ◽  
pp. e82-e82
Author(s):  
Gopal Nayana ◽  
Nirvanappa Vinay ◽  
H R Umadevi ◽  
M R Suresh ◽  
Nagesha Parvathi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cutaneous Warts

Background: Verrucae or warts are benign epithelial proliferations that occur due to accumulation of keratinocytes induced by HPV. Immunotherapy is a new promising modality which uses the principle of activation of one’s own immunity against the disease. Materials and methods: The study included 40 patients with multiple cutaneous warts in two groups of 20 each. Assigned treatment was injected into the single largest wart at an interval of 3 weeks until complete clearance or for a maximum of 3 times. Results: A statistically significant difference (p=0.018) was seen in the therapeutic response when compared to that of the BCG. All 20(100%) patients in the MMR group showed >50% clearance while in the BCG group 14(70%) patients showed >50% clearance according to Physician’s Global Assessment scores. Conclusions: Intralesional immunotherapy with MMR and BCG vaccines are both safe and promising whereas the therapy with MMR stands out with statistically significant results.

Intralesional Acyclovir: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Cutaneous Warts

2021 ◽  
pp. 120347542110379
Author(s):  
Ayman Elsayed ◽  
Amany Nassar ◽  
Ayman Marei ◽  
Heba Allah Mohamed Hoseiny ◽  
Rania Alakad
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Viral Origin ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cutaneous Warts

Background The treatment of warts is challenging and the development of an antiviral drug that can eradicate the human papilloma virus (HPV) is difficult. The viral origin of warts suggests that acyclovir, an antiviral drug with a proven efficacy in DNA viruses, may be a potential therapeutic option. Aim To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional acyclovir in the treatment of cutaneous warts. Methods Thirty-one patients with cutaneous warts were allocated into 2 groups. Group A (19 patients) had intralesional acyclovir (70 mg/ml) injected into the warts, while group B (12 patients) received intralesional saline as control. The treatment was repeated at 2 week intervals until complete clearance or for a maximum of 5 sessions. Results Complete clearance of warts was observed in 52.6%, partial response in 36.8%, and no response in 10.5% of the patients in the acyclovir group. Partial response was reported in 16.7%, and no response in 83.3% of the patients in the control group. A high statistically significant difference was found between the treatment and control groups ( P < .01). Adverse effects included pain during injection in 89.5%, blistering in 52.6% and erythema in5.3% of the patients. No recurrence was detected during the follow-up period. Conclusion Intralesional acyclovir can be an effective and well-tolerated treatment modality for cutaneous warts.

Households Discrimination in School Enrolment in Pakistan: Does gender matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad ◽  
Zahoor Ul Haq ◽  
Imad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Female Education ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This study uses Pakistan Social and Living Measurement Survey 2016 to study gender discrimination in school enrollment across the four provinces of Pakistan using bi-variate analysis. Results show that there is highly significant difference between male and female education in rural areas (x^2=4940.50 and p<0.05). Analysis indicate that gender disparity in enrollment is significantly higher in low income households (x^2=115.468 and P<0.05). The study also showed that as compared to male, fewer female are enrolled in both public and private sectors. Hence, socio-economic factors play important role in making decision about children enrollment in different types of school. The study recommends that government to take appropriate steps to reduce gender discrimination in school enrollment by offering subsidy on female education in the country.

Using Histological and Chemical Methods for Detection of Unauthorized Tissues Addition in Emulsion Type Meat Product

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reliable Methods

Total twenty different processed meat plant producing emulsion type sausage were histologically and chemically examined for detection of adulteration with unauthorized tissues. Results revealed that samples were adulterated with different types of animal tissues included; hyaline cartilage, tendon, spongy bone, peripheral nerve trunk, basophilic matrix, lymphatic tissue, fascia, fibrocartilage and vascular tissue. Moreover, these samples were adulterated Also, adulterated with plant tissue included; plant stem, leaves and root. Chemical analysis showed a significant difference in their chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash and calcium) content. Moisture and fat content varied around the permissible limit of E.S.S. while low protein, high ash and calcium content was detected in the examined samples. Therefore, Histological and chemical examinations can be used as reliable methods to detect adultration using unauthorized addition of both animal and plant tissues in processed meat product samples which revealed a high level of falsification.

scholarly journals Convalescent Plasma Therapy: An Effective Therapeutic Option to Treat COVID-19? A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 8 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Ishita Ray ◽  
Diana Fiorela Sánchez ◽  
Chris Andrea Robert ◽  
Mary Phyllis Robert
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Option

scholarly journals Patient profiles as an aim to optimize selection in the second line setting: the role of aflibercept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. González Astorga ◽  
F. Salvà Ballabrera ◽  
E. Aranda Aguilar ◽  
E. Élez Fernández ◽  
P. García-Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Second Line ◽  
First Line ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Option ◽  
Line Setting ◽  
First Line Treatment

AbstractColorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. For metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, it is recommended, as first-line treatment, chemotherapy (CT) based on doublet cytotoxic combinations of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) and fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). In addition to CT, biological (targeted agents) are indicated in the first-line treatment, unless contraindicated. In this context, most of mCRC patients are likely to progress and to change from first line to second line treatment when they develop resistance to first-line treatment options. It is in this second line setting where Aflibercept offers an alternative and effective therapeutic option, thought its specific mechanism of action for different patient’s profile: RAS mutant, RAS wild-type (wt), BRAF mutant, potentially resectable and elderly patients. In this paper, a panel of experienced oncologists specialized in the management of mCRC experts have reviewed and selected scientific evidence focused on Aflibercept as an alternative treatment.

The Need for Consensus About Liver Transplantation For Patients With Neuropsychiatric Wilson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 152692482110028
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferrarese ◽  
Patrizia Burra
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
Wilson's Disease ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Neurological Improvement ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Option

Liver transplantation is considered an effective therapeutic option for Wilson’s disease (WD) patients with hepatic phenotype, since it removes the inherited defects of copper metabolism, and is associated with excellent graft and patient outcomes. The role of liver transplantation in WD patients with mixed hepatic and neuropsychiatric phenotype has remained controversial over time, mainly because of high post-operative complications, reduced survival and a variable, unpredictable rate of neurological improvement. This article critically discusses the recently published data in this field, focussing in more detail on isolated neuropsychiatric phenotype as a potential indication for liver transplantation in WD patients.

scholarly journals Snail mucus from the mantle and foot of two land snails, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta, exhibits different protein profile and biological activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattaphop Noothuan ◽  
Kantamas Apitanyasai ◽  
Somsak Panha ◽  
Anchalee Tassanakajon
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Objective Snails secrete different types of mucus that serve several functions, and are increasingly being exploited for medical and cosmetic applications. In this study, we explored the protein pattern and compared the biological properties of the mucus secreted from the mantle collar and foot of two snail species, Lissachatina fulica and Hemiplecta distincta. Result Protein profile showed a different pattern between the two species and between the two secretory parts. The mantle-specific protein bands were further characterized and among them was an antibacterial protein, achacin. Accordingly, the mucus from the mantle exhibited the higher antibacterial activity than that from the foot in both snail species. The mucus from H. distincta, first reported here, also showed antibacterial properties, but with a lower activity compared to that for L. fulica. Snail mucus also exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity and antioxidant activity but with no significant difference between the foot and mantle mucus. These results indicate some different protein compositions and biological activities of snail slime from the mantle and foot, which might be associated with their specific functions in the animal and are useful for medical applications.

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