Increasing prevalence and incidence rates of multiple sclerosis in Kuwait

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Alroughani ◽  
SF Ahmed ◽  
R Behbehani ◽  
R Khan ◽  
A Thussu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria

Background: Kuwait was considered as low to intermediate risk area for MS. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and incidence rates of MS among Kuwaiti nationals based on 2011 population census. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2010 and April 2013 using the newly developed national MS registry in Kuwait. Patients with a diagnosis of MS according to 2010 revised McDonald criteria were identified. The crude, age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence rates among Kuwaiti patients were calculated. Results: 1176 MS patients were identified of which 927 (78.8%) were Kuwaitis and 249 (21.2%) were expatriates. Among Kuwaiti patients, female to male ratio was 1.8:1 with a mean age of 35.40 ± 10.99 years. The prevalence rate of MS was 85.05 per 100,000 persons (95% CI: 82.80 – 87.04). There was a peak in prevalence among patients aged 30–39 years. The incidence of MS was 6.88 per 100,000 persons (95% CI 5.52–8.55). Between 2003 and 2011, the incidence increased 3.22 and 2.54 times in women and men respectively. Conclusion: Kuwait is considered a high-risk area for MS. The significant increase in prevalence and incidence rates may represent a true increase despite the improvement in case ascertainment and case definition.

Cross-sectional study ofOpisthorchis viverrini infection and cholangiocarcinoma in communities within a high-risk area in northeast thailand

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Haswell-Elkins ◽  
Eimorn Mairiang ◽  
Pisaln Mairiang ◽  
Jittaroen Chaiyakum ◽  
Nittaya Chamadol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Viverrini Infection

scholarly journals Injuries and Training Practices in Competitive Adolescent Distance Runners: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Mann ◽  
Carly D. McKay ◽  
Bryan C. Clift ◽  
Craig A. Williams ◽  
Alan R. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Regions

Background: Distance running is one of the most popular sports around the world. The epidemiology of running-related injury (RRI) has been investigated in adults, but few studies have focused on adolescent distance runners.Objectives: (1) To provide descriptive epidemiology of RRI (risks, rates, body regions/areas, and severity) and examine the training practices (frequency, volume, and intensity) of competitive adolescent distance runners (13–18 years) in England, and (2) to describe potential risk factors of RRI.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Adolescent distance runners (n = 113) were recruited from England Athletics affiliated clubs. Participants voluntarily completed an online questionnaire between April and December 2018. At the time of completion, responses were based on the participant's previous 12-months of distance running participation. Incidence proportions (IP) and incidence rates (IR) were calculated.Results: The IP for “all RRI” was 68% (95% CI: 60–77), while the IR was 6.3/1,000 participation hours (95% CI: 5.3–7.4). The most commonly injured body areas were the knee, foot/toes, and lower leg; primarily caused by overuse. The number of training sessions per week (i.e., frequency) significantly increased with chronological age, while a large proportion of participants (58%) self-reported a high level of specialisation.Conclusions: RRI is common in competitive adolescent distance runners. These descriptive data provide guidance for the development of RRI prevention measures. However, analytical epidemiology is required to provide better insight into potential RRI risk factors in this specific population.

scholarly journals Population based self-reported acute gastrointestinal infection in slovenia: multiplier study

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Grilc ◽  
Maja Sočan
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slovenian Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Notification Data

Abstract Background: The assessment of the incidence of acute gastrintestinal infections (AGI) derived from the notifications underestimates the real burden of AGI. The symptoms of AGI are usually not severe enough for consultation with a physician. The more exact data on the burden of AGI are gained through cross sectional population-based studies. To estimate the burden of AGI in Slovenia, a period prevalence study was conducted. Methods: A simple random sample consisting of 5000 Slovenian inhabitants was chosen to whom a questionnaire was sent in July 2011. The participants were asked if they experienced AGI in June 2011 according to a symptombased case definition. The participants were asked to fill in the questionnaire on a paper or via a web page created for study purposes. Results: Out of 5000 participants, 1500 filled out the questionnaire, giving a response rate of 33%. The number of women responding out-numbered men - there were 58% female and 42% male responders. 66 (4.4%) of the responders claimed to have had AGI in June 2011. The incidence rate of acute AGI was therefore 4400 per 100,000 inhabitants. Comparatively, the incidence rate of notified cases in the same month was 78.9 per 100,000 inhabitants. The difference between the incidence of AGI, based on notified cases and incidence, calculated in the first Slovenian cross sectional study, showed that one out of 56 cases of AGI in the community has been notified. Conclusion: the incidence of AGI among the Slovenian population, based on data from our cross sectional study, is as expected higher than the incidence calculated from notification data from the same period.

scholarly journals MS Prevalence and Patients’ Characteristics in the District of Braga, Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Figueiredo ◽  
Ângela Silva ◽  
João J. Cerqueira ◽  
Joaquim Fonseca ◽  
Paulo A. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
The North ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Disease

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System causing inflammation and neurodegeneration. There are only 3 epidemiological studies in Portugal, 2 in the Centre and 1 in the North, and there is the need to further study MS epidemiology in this country. The objective of this work is to contribute to the MS epidemiological knowledge in Portugal, describing the patients’ epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics in the Braga district of Portugal. This is a cross-sectional study of 345 patients followed in two hospitals of Braga district. These hospitals cover a resident population of 866,012 inhabitants. The data was collected from the clinical records, and 31/12/2009 was established as the prevalence day. For all MS patients, demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes are reported. We have found an incidence of 2.74/100,000 and a prevalence of 39.82/100,000 inhabitants. Most patients have an EDSS of 3 or lower and a mean age of 42 years. The diagnosis was done at mean age of 35, with RRMS being the disease type in more than 80% of patients. In this cohort, we found a female : male ratio of 1.79. More than 50% of patients are treated with Interferonβ-1b IM or IFNβ-1a SC 22 μg.

scholarly journals Training Practices and Injuries in Competitive Adolescent Distance Runners: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Mann ◽  
Carly D McKay ◽  
Bryan C Clift ◽  
Craig A Williams ◽  
Alan R Barker
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Abstract Background: Distance running is one of the most popular sports around the world. The epidemiology of running-related injuries (RRI) has been examined in adults, but only a few studies have focused on adolescent distance runners. Therefore, the purpose of this study was 1) to examine the training practices (frequency, volume, and intensity) and descriptive epidemiology of RRI (risks, rates, sites, and severity) in competitive adolescent distance runners (13-18 years) in England, and 2) to explore potential correlates (risk factors) of RRI. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Adolescent distance runners (n = 113) were recruited from England Athletics affiliated athletics clubs. Participants voluntarily completed an online questionnaire between April and December 2018. At the point of completion, responses were based on the participant’s previous 12-months of distance running participation. Injury incidence proportions (IP) and incidence rates (IR) were calculated. Potential correlates of RRI were estimated using an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The injury IP was 122/100 participants/year (95% CI: 113 to 138). The injury IR was 6.3/1000 participation hours (95% CI: 5.3 to 7.4). The most common injury sites were the knee, foot/toes, and lower leg; primarily caused by overuse. Exploratory univariate analyses showed a larger number of training sessions per week (volume) is associated with a lower risk of RRI (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.94), and that a higher level of specialisation is associated with a lower risk of time loss injury (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.63). Conclusions: Injury is common in adolescent distance runners, aligned with adult-based research. These data provide guidance for the development of appropriate injury prevention interventions.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perception of COVID-19 Pandemic during the First Wave (Feb–May 2020): A Cross-Sectional Study among Italian Healthcare Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3767
Author(s):  
Caterina Rizzo ◽  
Ilaria Campagna ◽  
Elisabetta Pandolfi ◽  
Ileana Croci ◽  
Luisa Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Set Up

Italy was the first country in Europe to face the coronavirus pandemic. The aim of the study was to analyze healthcare workers’ (HCWs) level of information, practice, and risk perception towards COVID-19. We set up a cross-sectional study through SurveyMonkey® and distributed the link through Facebook and Whatsapp closed groups. The research instrument was a 31 items questionnaire distributed using Facebook and Whatsapp. It was conducted in Italy from February to May 2020. The study participants were general practitioners, pediatricians and other health professionals. A total of 958 participants were included: 320 (33.4%) general practitioners, 248 (25.9%) pediatricians and 390 (40.7%) other health professionals. The highest response rate was from Northern Italy (48.1%), followed by Central Italy (29.9%) and Southern Italy (22.0%). Less than a half (46%) of respondents felt they had a good level of information of COVID-19 case definition and of national prevention guidelines. Respondents reported to have changed their clinical practice; particularly, they increased the use of masks (87.1%, p < 0.001), disinfection and sanitization of doctors’ offices (75.8%, p < 0.001), the use of protective glasses (71.2%, p < 0.001), alcoholic hand solution (71.2%, p < 0.001), and hand washing (31.8%, p = 0.028). HCWs are at high risk of infection; less than a half of them felt adequately prepared to face COVID-19 pandemic, so they need extensive information and awareness of the disease to take adequate precautionary measures, and they are crucial to disseminate good practices.

scholarly journals Frequency of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Cobo-Calvo ◽  
Hyacintha d'Indy ◽  
Anne Ruiz ◽  
Nicolas Collongues ◽  
Laurent Kremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Duration ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
A Cell

ObjectiveTo address the frequency of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (Ab) in an unselected large cohort of adults with MS.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study in 2 MS expert centers (Lyon and Strasbourg University Hospitals, France) between December 1, 2017, and June 31, 2018. Patients aged ≥18 years with a definite diagnosis of MS according to 2010 McDonald criteria were tested for MOG-Ab by using a cell-based assay (CBA) in Lyon and subsequently included. Positive samples were tested by investigators blinded to the first result with a second assay in a different laboratory (Barcelona, Spain) by using the same plasmid and secondary Ab.ResultsSerum samples from 685 consecutive patients with MS were analyzed for MOG-Ab. Median disease duration at sampling was 11.5 (interquartile range, 5.8–17.7) years, and 72% were women. Two (0.3%) patients resulted to be MOG-Ab-positive. The 2 patients were women aged 42 and 38 at disease onset and were diagnosed with secondary and primary progressive forms of MS, respectively. This positive result was confirmed by the CBA in Barcelona.ConclusionOur findings indicate that MOG-Ab are exceptional in MS phenotype, suggesting that the MOG-Ab testing should not be performed in typical MS presentation.

scholarly journals Burden Of Cysts And Tumors Around Impacted Third Molars

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Shahzad ◽  
Adnan Aslam ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad ◽  
Daud Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Molar Region

Objective: To assess the frequency of cysts and tumors around impacted third molars. Study Design and Setting: Cross-sectional study was conducted at the OMFS department, Lahore Medical & Dental College, from August 2015 to January 2018. Methodology: A total of 2057 patients were operated for the removal of 2354 impacted third molars and analyzed for their associated pathological lesions(cysts/tumors). Patients were evaluated with thorough history, clinical and radiological examination. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were primarily used to assess the site of third molar impactions (maxilla/mandible) and their associated pathologies confirmed with histopathological examination. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The patients’ ages were between 17 to 62 years (Mean±SD, 28.12±8.585). There were n=709 (34.47%) females and n=1348 (65.53%) male with female to male ratio of 1.9:1. The mandibular to maxillary impacted third molars ratio was 1.66:1. An overall frequency of 1.36% for cysts and 0.72% for tumor associated with impacted third molars was demonstrated in the current study. The most frequently diagnosed cyst was dentigerous whereas ameloblastoma was the most commonly identified tumor. Conclusion: A relatively lower frequency (2.08%) of pathological lesions was found around third molars. The study reported a smaller number of pathological lesions affecting a significant minority of patients. It is recommended that a dentist/oral maxillofacial surgeon should be consulted at the earliest if any symptoms in the third molar region arise along with imaging of the area.

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