scholarly journals Proving non-fatal strangulation in family violence cases: A case study on the criminalisation of family violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-370
Author(s):  
Heather Douglas ◽  
Robin Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Violent Relationships ◽  
Serious Injuries

Non-fatal strangulation is recognised as a common form of coercive control in violent relationships. Overwhelmingly it is perpetrated by men against women. It is dangerous both because of the immediate and serious injuries it can cause, and the risk of future violence associated with it. A discrete offence of non-fatal strangulation has been introduced in many countries. Queensland, Australia introduced a discrete non-fatal strangulation offence in 2016. While the offence is charged often, around half the non-fatal strangulation charges laid by police do not proceed. We spoke to prosecution and defence lawyers to better understand the evidential obstacles to successful prosecution. We found that the prosecution of the offence faces challenges common to family violence offences more broadly, despite it being a discrete physical act. Specifically, we found that the willingness of the victim to testify and the perception of the victim's credibility were key to successful prosecution.

scholarly journals Occupational inhalation injury by Hydrogen Sulfide causing multi organ failure –A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karishma Shamarukh ◽  
- Mohammad Omar Faruq ◽  
Nasrin Jahan ◽  
Amina Sultana ◽  
Ridwan Naim Faruq
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
Serious Injuries

Hydrogen sulfide is a notorious agent known to cause serious injuries in the occupational field. We are going to discussa case of a 20 years old male working in a effluent treatment plant in Savar, Bangladesh who accidentally entered thefume room and was exposed to the toxic gas. He lost consciousness and was brought to our care from a local hospitalafter endotracheal intubation condition. He was found in state of unconsciousness grade III on admission to our ICU.His brain CT scan revealed diffuse cerebral edema. Chest X-ray revealed finding suggestive of diffuse pneumonitis.Cardiology evaluation suggested Toxic cardiomyopathy as his high sensitive Troponin I was very high on admission (2037ng/L). Supportive care was given in the form of mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, anticonvulsant andanti-ischemic medications. Patient regained consciousness on day 10 after admission and gradually improvedclinically. By the end of the month of stay in hospital he was significantly improved. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2019; 7(2): 113-115

Bosnia: a new dimension of genocidal rape and its children

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Violent Relationships ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Courses ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Post War ◽  
Specific Impact

The Bosnian case study is the first of the chosen cases where children born of war were almost exclusively conceived in violent relationships in a conflict which forced the world to realign its understanding of rape as a weapon of war. This chapter explores the specific impact of this gender-based violence perpetrated, among others, during systematic rape campaigns as part of the hostilities, on post-war Bosnian society and on the life courses of children born of rape. As the first case of a conflict that occurred after the passing of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), the chapter also explores how rights as codified in the CRC are applied in the case of children born of war and how such rights can contrast starkly in comparison to those of their mothers and families.

Women and Men’s Use of Coercive Control in Intimate Partner Violence

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Robertson ◽  
Tamar Murachver
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Violent Relationships ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Controlling Behaviors

This study examined the relationship between coercive control and intimate partner violence (IPV) for men and women and for targets and perpetrators. One hundred and seventy-two participants (85 men, 87 women) recruited from three samples reported on their own and their partner’s behavior. IPV was measured using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). Coercive control was measured using modified items from the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory (PMWI). Coercive control was associated with IPV, and this relationship was similar for men and women across the three samples. In fact, coercive control was predominantly reciprocal in nature, with women and men reporting both receiving and perpetrating controlling behaviors. Overall, coercive controlling behaviors were characteristic of individuals within violent relationships, regardless of their physical abuse status. The experience of violence, rather than gender, was the best predictor of coercive control.

scholarly journals Implementing government strategies for complex social problems

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Contributing Factors

Addressing complex social problems that are rooted in multiple causes is difficult. These issues often interact in unpredictable ways with numerous contributing factors, and they do not run along traditional departmental boundaries. For example, family violence is one of the most complex, multifaceted and poorly understood issues in Western society. Addressing family violence requires major social change in individual attitudes and relationships, cultural and religious belief systems and society's opinions, as well as comprehensive government strategies and a comprehensive range of services to support families and individuals affected by family violence. In this respect, it provided a useful case study through which to examine the implementation of complex social policy in New Zealand.

scholarly journals Vehicle mismatch – a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Mikulec ◽  
Pavlína Moravcova ◽  
Kateřina Bucsuházy ◽  
Martina Kostíková ◽  
Jakub Motl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Simulation Programme

Sport utility vehicles (SUV) gain more popularity and with more manufacturers being involved in their production their accessibility rises as well. This however creates an opportunity for collisions with smaller passenger vehicles. There is obvious mismatch in weight, stiffness and height between SUVs and other, smaller passenger vehicles. Furthermore, the average age of passenger vehicles in Czech Republic is over 15 years. Even when these older vehicles crash even with vehicle of similar weight and build, there is a significant mismatch in stiffness and safety equipment (especially airbags). These kinds of vehicle mismatches thus create risk of more serious injuries in case of crashes. The Czech In-Depth Accident Study project (CzIDAS) collects on-site crash data and injury data for further analysis of traffic accidents in order to present traffic risk factors. Analysis of vehicles’ collision speed and damage is carried out and verified using simulation programme calculation, information about passengers’ injuries is obtained from contracted hospital facilities. The traffic accidents presented in this case study serve to showcase the risks associated with vehicle mismatch crashes, currently happening on roads of Czech Republic.

Reconsidering the abused to abuser hypothesis: the need to consider the impact of trauma in the treatment and assessment of sexual and violent offenders

2010 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Wendy Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

The abused to abuser theory of offending is not widely supported by the literature. Not only does this notion suffer from deficits common to all single explanation models, but also has the potential to further stigmatise victims of abuse. However, using a case study, this paper will argue that the impact of abuse should be more carefully considered at both the aetiological, assessment and intervention levels for various forms of family violence. It will be proposed that the impact of abuse could, for some individuals, be conceptualised as a core risk factor for different types of violent offending. However, in order to fully realise the potential benefits of this stance a more unified approach to forensic issues is needed with integration of information from multiple theoretical perspective, and practice dimensions.

A Case Study of Family Violence During COVID-19 in San Antonio

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110647
Author(s):  
Wanda E. Leal ◽  
Alex R. Piquero ◽  
Justin Kurland ◽  
Nicole Leeper Piquero ◽  
Elizabeth L. Gloyd
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Calls For Service ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Optimized Model ◽  
Welfare Agencies

The current study investigates the effects of coronavirus restrictions on family violence in the seventh largest city in the country, San Antonio, Texas. Two streams of data were used to evaluate the potential change between what occurred during the lockdown period versus what would have been expected, including the COVID-19 Government Response Stringency Index and police calls for service from the San Antonio Police Department. The methodological approach used takes advantage of feature engineering, various machine learning time series forecasting techniques commonly leveraged in financial technical analysis, as well as cross-validation for optimized model selection. These techniques have not been considered in previous domestic or family violence-related research. During the lockdown period in San Antonio, we observed a larger than expected increase in calls to police for family violence incidents. Specifically, an increase of over fourteen percent of police calls for family incidents was observed. The findings of the current study suggest that social service and social welfare agencies consider and plan for how future pandemics or other major disasters will affect the incidence of family violence and take appropriate steps now to bolster resources and scale up for the future.

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