scholarly journals The impact of relaxed traveller allowances

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
Martin Stafström
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Private Person ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use

Aim: To analyse to what extent the gradual relaxation of traveller allowances for alcoholic beverages 2001–2004 changed consumer behaviours and subsequent alcohol consumption patterns within a longitudinal panel data population study in Southern Sweden. Methods: General population random sample panel data study with repeated measurements were collected in 1999, in 2005, and in 2010 in the county of Scania. The study analyses answers from 9770 individuals, who in 1999 were 18–80 years old. A fixed-effects modelling was applied to assess the association between consumer behaviour and change in alcohol use across the study period. Results: Cross-border shopping for alcoholic beverages was associated, on average, with a 3.1% ( p < 0.001) increase in alcohol use. Buying imported alcohol from a private person was associated with a mean increase of 2.6% ( p < 0.001), with a total additive effect of 5.7%. Furthermore, when stratified for gender, age, and location, significant fixed effects were found. The magnitude was greater among women, younger and older ages, and in particular in the Northeast and Central regions. Both consumer behaviours – cross-border trading ( OR 1.6, CI 95% 1.28–1.92) and buying alcohol from a private person ( OR 1.4, CI 95% 1.12–1.73) – were significantly associated with heavy alcohol use. Conclusion: The fixed-effects analyses identified significant associations between consumer behaviours and alcohol consumption. The uptake of behaviours that developed because of a relaxation of the Swedish alcohol policy has contributed to an overall long-term increase in alcohol use and higher prevalence of heavy alcohol use within this general population study sample.

scholarly journals Heavy alcohol consumption in individuals with HIV infection: Effects on neuropsychological performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHANNES C. ROTHLIND ◽  
TANYA M. GREENFIELD ◽  
ANNE V. BRUCE ◽  
DIETER J. MEYERHOFF ◽  
DEREK L. FLENNIKEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Active Alcohol

Higher rates of alcohol use have been reported in HIV+ individuals compared to the general population. Both heavy alcohol use and HIV infection are associated with increased risk of neuropsychological (NP) impairment. We examined effects of heavy active alcohol use and HIV on NP functioning in a large sample of community-residing HIV+ individuals and HIV− controls. The four main study groups included 72 HIV− light/non-drinkers, 70 HIV− heavy drinkers (>100 drinks per month), 70 HIV+ light/non-drinkers, and 56 HIV+ heavy drinkers. The heavy drinking group was further subdivided to assess effects of the heaviest levels of active alcohol use (>6 drinks per day) on NP functioning. A comprehensive NP battery was administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was employed to examine the effect of HIV and alcohol on NP functioning after adjusting for group differences in age and estimated premorbid verbal intellectual functioning. The analyses identified main effects of heavy drinking and HIV on NP function, with greatest effects involving the contrast of HIV+ heavy drinkers and the HIV− light drinkers. Synergistic effects of heaviest current drinking and HIV infection were identified in analyses of motor and visuomotor speed. Supplementary analyses also revealed better NP function in the HIV+ group with antiretroviral treatment (ART) and lower level of viral burden, a finding that was consistent across levels of alcohol consumption. Finally, heavy alcohol use and executive functioning difficulties were associated with lower levels of self-reported medication adherence in the HIV+ group. The findings suggest that active heavy alcohol use and HIV infection have additive adverse effects on NP function, that they may show synergistic effects in circumstances of very heavy active alcohol use, and that heavy drinking and executive functioning may mediate health-related behaviors in HIV disease. (JINS, 2005, 11, 70–83.)

scholarly journals Gender Convergence in Alcohol Consumption Patterns: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9317
Author(s):  
Minkyung Kang ◽  
Ari Min ◽  
Haeyoung Min
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Gender Convergence

Gender differences in alcohol use have narrowed over the decades. This study aimed to explore changes in alcohol consumption patterns between 2007 and 2016 to identify gender convergence in alcohol use in Korea. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. For all respondents (41,662 girls/women and 32,041 boys/men) aged ≥12 years, lifetime drinking, current drinking, age of drinking onset, heavy alcohol use, and binge drinking were analyzed. Gender differences in heavy alcohol use and binge drinking decreased from 2007 to 2016 (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The prevalence of heavy alcohol use and binge drinking decreased in boys/men (67.5% to 63.9%, p = 0.001; 63.4% to 60.9%, p = 0.001, respectively), but not in girls/women (50.2% to 50.4%, p = 0.279; 30.6% to 32.0%, p = 0.994, respectively). The proportion of lifetime abstainers decreased among both girls/women (24.3% to 19.1%, p < 0.001) and boys/men (12.1% to 9.7%, p = 0.01). In girls/women, the mean age of drinking onset decreased (from 24.1 to 23.6 years, p = 0.017); however, in boys/men, significant changes were not observed (from 18.9 to 18.7 years, p = 0.307). Healthcare providers should be aware of the growing health risks resulting from increased unhealthy alcohol use in women and develop gender-specific preventive interventions.

Underweight as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma: A nationwide population-based study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Yoon Jin Choi ◽  
Dong Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
The Mean

14 Background: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for the development of esophageal cancer (EC). However, the impact of underweight on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been fully recognized to date. Therefore, we herein sought to determine the risk of EC in subjects with underweight. Methods: We analyzed the clinical data from a total of 264,084 individuals with the age of 40 years or older, who received healthcare checkups arranged by the national insurance program, between 2003 and 2008. Newly diagnosed EC was identified using the claims data during a median follow-up duration of 7.9 years. Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 23.80 ± 3.05kg/m2, and 6,784 individuals (2.6%) were classified as being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2). During the study period, 278 individuals (0.1%) developed EC. It was determined that underweight and obesity—compared with normal weight—were significantly associated with 73% increased risk and 30% decreased risk of EC, respectively. Excess risk of EC in the underweight group was independent of age, gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Heavy alcohol use had a synergistically increasing effect for developing EC among those in the underweight group. Conclusions: The mean body mass index (BMI) of patients was 23.80 ± 3.05kg/m2, and 6,784 individuals (2.6%) were classified as being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2). During the study period, 278 individuals (0.1%) developed EC. It was determined that underweight and obesity—compared with normal weight—were significantly associated with 73% increased risk and 30% decreased risk of EC, respectively. Excess risk of EC in the underweight group was independent of age, gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Heavy alcohol use had a synergistically increasing effect for developing EC among those in the underweight group.

scholarly journals Maternal heavy alcohol use and toddler behavior problems: a fixed effects regression analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Kristin Knudsen ◽  
Eivind Ystrom ◽  
Jens Christoffer Skogen ◽  
Leila Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression

Predictors of Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Men: A Prospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052198973
Author(s):  
Hailee K. Dunn ◽  
Deborah N. Pearlman ◽  
Madeline C. Montgomery ◽  
Lindsay M. Orchowski
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Teen Dating Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Peer Approval ◽  
Sexual Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use

Research demonstrates that both peer socialization and underage drinking play a significant role in teen dating violence. However, less is known about the lasting effects of these risk factors on boys’ ability to form healthy romantic relationships as they get older. The present study examined whether boys who perceived their peers would respect them more for having sex and those who engaged in past year heavy alcohol use would be more likely to perpetrate sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in young adulthood compared to boys who did not endorse perceived peer approval for sex or report past year heavy drinking. Analyses were conducted using a sample of boys ( n = 1,189) from Waves I and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). A logistic regression was conducted to assess the relationship between perceived peer approval to have sex and heavy alcohol use at Wave I and sexual IPV at Wave III, after adjusting for demographic factors and other correlates of sexual IPV at Wave I, including age, race/ethnicity, sexual initiation in adolescence, parental attachment, annual family income, and neighborhood poverty. Boys who believed they would gain peer respect by having sex and boys who reported getting drunk in the last 12 months, regardless of how often, were significantly more likely to report sexual IPV in young adulthood compared to boys who did not endorse either of these factors. Targeting boys’ perceived peer norms regarding sexual activity and heavy alcohol use may therefore be especially important for preventing sexual IPV later in life.

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