scholarly journals Polluting pharmaceutical atmospheres: Compulsion, resistance, and symbolism of buprenorphine in Norway

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-285
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bartoszko
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Opioid Substitution Treatment ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Opioid Substitution

This article offers a counter narrative to the current ethnographic studies on treatment with buprenorphine, in which notions of promised and experienced normality dominate. In some countries, introduction of buprenorphine led to a perceived “normalisation” of opioid substitution treatment, and this new modality was well received. However, in Norway the response has been almost the opposite: patients have reacted with feelings of disenfranchisement, failure, and mistrust. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Norway, this article offers comparative insight into local experiences and subjectivities in the context of the globalisation of buprenorphine. By outlining the ethnographic description of the pharmaceutical atmosphere of forced transfers to buprenorphine-naloxone, I show that the social history of the medication is as significant as its pharmacological qualities for various treatment effects. An analysis of the reactions to this treatment modality highlights the reciprocal shaping of lived experiences and institutional forces surrounding pharmaceutical use in general and opioids in particular.

The Illusion of Standardizing the Gods: The Cult of the Five Emperors in Late Imperial China

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Szonyi
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Public Morality ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Late Imperial China ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Imperial China ◽  
Insight Into

Nineteenth-century observers of the Fuzhou area, both Chinese and Western, were struck by the worship of a group of deities associated with pestilence and epidemic disease. The local people called these gods the Five Emperors (Wudi). To Justus Doolittle, an American missionary stationed in Fuzhou, Proclaimed Zuo Zongtang, Governor-General of Fujian and Zhejiang: “the rival societies for getting up processions to parade the idols have from the beginning violated the law and corrupted morals, hence the evil must be stopped without delay” (Zuo 1867, 22). While these two observers each brought his own concern to bear on his perceptions of popular belief and ritual practice, they were united in their focus on the dangers the worship of these deities posed to public morality and order; neither was much interested in the identities or histories of these gods. But a detailed investigation of their identities and histories may explain how the deities were perceived as dangerous to public morality and order, and offers rich insight into the social history of Late Imperial China.

scholarly journals Documenting a Caste: The Chakkiliyars in Colonial and Missionary Documents in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
Gunasekaran S
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
South India ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Social Reforms ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Leather Processing ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of

This essay is an attempt to write the social history of the Chakkiliyar community of South India, often classified in the colonial records as a caste occupying the lowest position in the caste hierarchy. This paper argues that the colonial period was marked by lowering opportunities for economic and social mobility for the community. Traditionally involved in the manufacture of leather goods that were central to irrigation, the Chakkiliyars had relatively better opportunities and some even occupied the status of petty landowners. But the advent of pumpsets and the mechanization of leather processing during the colonial period severely affected their economic opportunities. Adding to this, the colonial and missionary records, inflated with the prejudices of their upper caste informers, repeatedly portrayed their low social existence. Therefore, despite certain genuine motives and formidable social reforms, the colonial and missionary documentation of the caste in fact further strengthened the existing social stereotypes and thus added yet another layer into its history of discrimination. Besides recovering the various ways in which Chakkiliyars were described in the documents of colonial officials and Christian missionaries, this paper also analyzes the recent attempts by the members of the community to produce a counter narrative to the stereotypical representations of their caste.

scholarly journals Grassroots of Recordkeeping: an Investigation into  Archival Practices within Rugby Clubs in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christine Marie Edney
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Association ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The sport of rugby has been officially played in New Zealand since as early as 1870. In the early years of rugby, the rugby club was one place where the community gathered to participate and communicate. It was a hub of the local community and a place which revealed some of the social history of that community. It is where some memories of the community could be captured and this history now needs to be maintained. The purpose of this research is to establish what rugby clubs have done to preserve the archives of the club for the future. It is to investigate if these clubs are even aware of what archives they have and what practices they are carrying out to preserve them. It is these records which contain some of the history of the community and they need to be preserved for future generations so that they can get an insight into the past. The research has been carried out with the participation of seven rugby clubs in the Wellington region with a visit to each club. A club official was interviewed and at the same time there was an opportunity to view the club premises. This research established that from those clubs only one had a good understanding of its holdings and had put an archiving plan into action. Another is about to get the assistance of an archivist. The findings of this research have highlighted the need for education and guidance in the correct archival practices to be carried out. All clubs taking part thought the idea of a manual or guidelines would be of great assistance. If this idea is to be carried through it should be led and encouraged by the clubs' main association, the New Zealand Rugby Union [NZRU]. The idea will need to be promoted to the NZRU to get assistance with development and funding.</p>

scholarly journals Grassroots of Recordkeeping: an Investigation into  Archival Practices within Rugby Clubs in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christine Marie Edney
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Association ◽  
Archival Practices ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The sport of rugby has been officially played in New Zealand since as early as 1870. In the early years of rugby, the rugby club was one place where the community gathered to participate and communicate. It was a hub of the local community and a place which revealed some of the social history of that community. It is where some memories of the community could be captured and this history now needs to be maintained. The purpose of this research is to establish what rugby clubs have done to preserve the archives of the club for the future. It is to investigate if these clubs are even aware of what archives they have and what practices they are carrying out to preserve them. It is these records which contain some of the history of the community and they need to be preserved for future generations so that they can get an insight into the past. The research has been carried out with the participation of seven rugby clubs in the Wellington region with a visit to each club. A club official was interviewed and at the same time there was an opportunity to view the club premises. This research established that from those clubs only one had a good understanding of its holdings and had put an archiving plan into action. Another is about to get the assistance of an archivist. The findings of this research have highlighted the need for education and guidance in the correct archival practices to be carried out. All clubs taking part thought the idea of a manual or guidelines would be of great assistance. If this idea is to be carried through it should be led and encouraged by the clubs' main association, the New Zealand Rugby Union [NZRU]. The idea will need to be promoted to the NZRU to get assistance with development and funding.</p>

scholarly journals Wine and Myrrh as Medicaments or a Commentary on Some Aspects of Ancient and Byzantine Mediterranean Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 615-655
Author(s):  
Zofia Rzeźnicka ◽  
Maciej Kokoszko
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Materia Medica ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Medical Treatises ◽  
Insight Into

The present study has resulted from a close reading of prescriptions for therapeutic wines inserted in book V of De materia medica by Pedanius Dioscorides, the eminent expert in materia medica of the 1st century A.D. The authors emphasise the role of wine varieties and selected flavourings (and especially of myrrh) in order to determine the social status of those to whom the formulas were addressed. This perspective gives the researchers ample opportunity for elaborating not only on the significance of wine in medical procedures but also for underscoring the importance of a number of aromatics in pharmacopoeia of antiquity and Byzantium. The analysis of seven selected formulas turns out to provide a fairly in-depth insight into Mediterranean society over a prolonged period of time, and leads the authors to draw the following conclusions. First, they suggest that medical doctors were social-inequality-conscious and that Dioscorides and his followers felt the obligation to treat both the poor and the rich. Second, they prove physicians’ expertise in materia medica, exemplifying how they were capable of adjusting market value of components used in their prescriptions to financial capacities of the patients. Third, the researchers circumstantiate the place of medical knowledge in ancient, and later on in Byzantine society. Last but not least, they demonstrate that medical treatises are an important source of knowledge, and therefore should be more often made use of by historians dealing with economic and social history of antiquity and Byzantium.

scholarly journals Islam and the Army in Colonial India

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Sajjad H. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Social History ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Social ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

After what seems like a strange absence of academic interest, the study ofMuslims in South Asia is catching up – and not all of that interest is motivatedby the contemporary concerns of counter-terrorism and Af-Pak strategy.Part of this intellectual revival has been focused on the Deccan, andone of the best and brightest young historians working in the area is NileGreen, who now teaches at UCLA.The author posits three primary contributions to wider historiographicaldebates. First, it engages the social history of how empire impingedupon communities and practices and often co-opted and promoted them,thereby allowing us greater insight into its workings to suggest that partnershipswere essential to perpetuating power, especially in India, wherethe number of actual British soldiers and administrators on the ground wasnever sufficient for an absolutist colonial empire. As such, it allows us topeek into an alternative form of subaltern interaction and agency. This issignificant, given the neglect to a large extent of the study of religion onthe part of subalternists. Second, the book demonstrates how cultural practicesand the invention of norms were central to fostering military cultureand performance of the British Indian Army, which involves the selectivepromotion of certain forms of religiosity. It provides further evidence for ...

Vācbaltiešu un latviešu attiecību attēlojums Rūdolfa Blaumaņa daiļradē

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Pauls Daija
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Everyday Reality ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The article explores the relationship between Baltic Germans and Latvians in the works of Rūdolfs Blaumanis by turning attention towards the interpretation of this topic within the context of the social history of literature. An insight into previous evaluations by literary historians has been provided. In the first part of the article, two works with central Baltic German characters – novella “Andriksons” (1899) and play “Ugunī” (In the Fire, 1906, written in 1904) – have been analyzed. In these works, German landowners have been depicted demonstrating the social and national conflicts of the age in their relationship with subordinated Latvians. The characters of landowners are ambiguous and indecisive, and they are distanced from everyday reality and living in the past. Their communication with Latvians is characterized by complications and obstacles. Hence, these characters can be viewed as a wider generalization about the crisis of the Baltic German community by the turn of the 20th century. In the second part of the article, episodic characters of Baltic Germans in prose fiction have been explored along with the overview of satirical poetry by Blaumanis in which the relationship between Baltic Germans and Latvians mostly in the period after the revolution of 1905 has been addressed. It has been concluded in the article that in the representations of the relationship between Baltic Germans and Latvians, Blaumanis depicts the instability of the transition period and avoids disclosing his own views. This corresponds to his concept of the depiction of social problems in literary works. Satirical poetry, which is less neutral but also less literary successful, remains an exception. Baltic German characters in works of Blaumanis are mostly episodic, and besides neutral background characters and politically charged characters in satirical poetry, the most interesting both literary and historically are the characters in which the contradictions of the period have been represented.

scholarly journals ‘THE TIME OF THE LEAFLET’: PAMPHLETS AND POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE UPA (NORTHERN ANGOLA, AROUND 1961)

Africa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Circuit Model ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Literacy ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTIn March 1961, war broke out in Northern Angola. The Portuguese authorities attributed the violence to the UPA – a nationalist movement led by Northern Angolan immigrants resident in Congo. The movement's leadership tried to keep in contact with its (potential) followers in Northern Angola by various means, pamphlets being one of the most important. Written for a local audience, these pamphlets provide an insight into the inner lines of communication – and internal hierarchies – of the nationalist movement. By using Darnton's ‘communication circuit’ model, this article investigates the processes of writing, distributing and reading the pamphlets and analyses their generic characteristics, and their position in a tradition of regional popular literacy. In so doing, an interpretation is offered of the social history of the pamphlets: they are treated as a historical subject in their own right. While they can be read as anti-colonial tracts, it is shown that the pamphlets' main concern is to establish the mandate of a leadership in exile over a constituency in Northern Angola.

The Layered Life of JE26204: the Construction and Reuse of the Coffins of Henuttawy

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-296
Author(s):  
Caroline Arbuckle MacLeod ◽  
Kathlyn M. Cooney
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Material Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Dynasty ◽  
Third Intermediate Period ◽  
Insight Into

In the Twenty-first Dynasty, ancient Egypt was facing a number of economic, political, and religious challenges and transformations. To compensate for a lack of imported resources and subsidized incomes, the Egyptian people were robbing and reusing the tombs of their predecessors. Royal coffins and mummies were collected by priests and placed in tomb caches, supposedly for their protection. In this article, the authors show how a detailed material analysis of the coffins in these caches can help reveal the social history of Egypt at this time. The coffins of Queen Henuttawy prove to be a combination of Eighteenth and Twenty-First Dynasty construction and decoration, and may provide insight into the actions of Third Intermediate Period priests. Following these pieces through to their modern excavation and display in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, it is evident that these objects continue to impact lives, acquiring additional layers of history and social significance.

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