scholarly journals Supporting digital discourse? The deliberative function of links on Twitter

2020 ◽  
pp. 146144482097238
Author(s):  
Julia Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Social Standards ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Digital Discourse ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Discussion Spaces

Digital discussion spaces have changed the shape of discursive argumentation considerably. While there is not much explicit reasoning on Twitter, many users link to external resources in their tweets. This study zooms in on the justificatory capacity of those links and investigates their deliberative function on the platform. A qualitative exploration of material from four countries shows that links to external resources support Twitter discourse by regularly substantiating user statements in the context of both information and argumentation. Links with a truth-based informative function are posted to support deliberative truth claims with empirical evidence, thus adding primarily to theoretical discourses. Links with a norm-based argumentative function are shared to legitimate positions against social standards. They contribute to practical discourses about courses of action by sustaining deliberative claims for normative rightness. The country comparison suggests that societal divisions foster a norm-based argumentative rather than truth-based informative use of links on Twitter.

A Pilot Study of Enhancing Subject Discovery of Textual Web Resources

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Yi
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Web Resources

The aim of this study is to explore to what degree hyperlinked external resources contribute to the automated subject-related term indexing. Empirical evidence shows no additional enhancement of performance with the additional resources. It also implies that target Web pages are closer in subject to siting pages than sited pages.L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer à quel degré les ressources hypertextes externes contribuent à l’indexation automatique par sujet. L’observation empirique ne montre aucune amélioration additionnelle de la performance avec les ressources supplémentaires. Ceci implique également que le sujet des pages web ciblées se rapproche davantage du sujet des pages web sélectionnant que des pages web sélectionnées. 

scholarly journals Empowering the People’s Truth Through Social Media? (De)Legitimizing Truth Claims of Populist Politicians and Citizens

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hameleers
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Public ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Media Channels

Right-wing populists have allegedly fueled increasing levels of distrust regarding expert knowledge and empirical evidence. Yet, we know little about how right-wing populist politicians and citizens use social media to construct and oppose truth claims. Using a qualitative analysis of Twitter and Facebook posts communicated by right-wing populists and citizens supporting populist ideas in the Netherlands, this article offers in-depth insights into processes of legitimization (confirming truth claims) and de-legitimization (opposing truth claims). The main conclusion is that right-wing populists and citizens supporting populism do not share a universal way of referring to reality. They use social media to communicate a confirmation-biased reality: Expert knowledge and evidence are de-contextualized or reinterpreted and aligned with right-wing populist agendas. References to the people’s experiences and worldviews, conspiracy theories and crisis sentiments are used to legitimize people’s opposition to expert knowledge and empirical evidence. Based on these findings, we coin the idea of an “adaptable construction of confirmation-biased truth claims” central in right-wing populist interpretations of reality. In times of increasing attacks on expert knowledge and empirical evidence, populist discourse may fuel an antagonism between the ordinary people’s experiences and the truth claims of established media channels and politicians in government. Social media offer a platform to members of the public to engage in discussions about (un)truthfulness, perceived deception, and populist oppositions—potentially amplifying divides between the ordinary people’s experiences and expert sources.

scholarly journals Self and Knowledge

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. v-xi
Author(s):  
M. A. Muqtedar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Fundamental Distinction ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Islamic Psychology

The contempomy intellectual revival of Muslim societies proposes aprofound but problematic relationship between identity and epistemology,and between self and knowledge. I propose to elucidate this relationshipand its implications by making a fundamental distinction between self andidentity, and showing how there can be many identities but only one self. Ibegin by inquiring into the meaning of identity symbols such as “Islam” or“Muslim” prior to knowledge. For example, what is the meaning and relationshipbetween identity and knowledge in Islamization of knowledge orIslamic Philosophy? In both types of knowledge, identity is prior to knowledgein an epistemological, as well as an ontological sense.Ontologically we are suggesting that the existence of Islamic psychologyor Islamic philosophy is contingent on the being of an agency such as Islamor Muslims. Epistemologically we are arguing that Islam includes a theoryof knowledge, and Islamic principles constitute paradigmatic values fromwhich Islamic psychology or Islamic philosophy can be derived. Cleqly,the prefix Islamic gives an identity to knowledge. In other words, there arecertain truth claims which derive their legitimacy not because their truth isself-evident or rationally deducible or empirically verifiable, but becausethey satisfy certain criteria which establishes their identity as Islamic.The issue of criteria that determine what constitutes knowledge (epistemology)is indeed crucial. The first thing that needs to be resolved iswhether these criteria are universally intelligible or are functions of culturehdentityand value systems. I would like to posit that in the realms ofsocially meaningful practices it is possible to have relativistic criteria fordetermining the validity of social truths. Knowledge about answers to questionssuch as Is polygyny or homosexuality acceptable? or Are religiousrights more important than economic rights? may be determined based oncriteria that are located within the corpus of tradition and ethos of a givencultural milieu This is accomodation of cultural p l d s m . But in therealms of science and philosophy, reasoning and empirical evidence alone ...

Are political connections beneficial or harmful toward firms’ performance? A meta-analysis approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khusnul Prasetyo ◽  
Damai Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cross Country

Purpose This study aims to reconcile conflicting empirical results from prior studies on the association between political connections (PCs) and firms’ performance. Furthermore, it investigates whether the contradictory findings were moderated by the different types of both PCs and firms’ performance measures. This study also makes a cross-country comparison of the empirical evidence to provide more insight. Design/methodology/approach This study used meta-analysis to integrate the previous studies’ findings on the association between PCs and firms’ performance and further investigated the moderators of such association. Findings The findings show that PCs have a positive association with firms’ performance. This result is apparent for both democratic and authoritarian countries, which suggests PCs’ beneficial consequences toward firms’ performance should not be disregarded in both contexts. This study also finds PCs and firms’ performance measures moderate the association between PCs and firms’ performance. Originality/value This study contributes to the stream of research that investigates the association between PCs and firms’ performance. To the best of my knowledge, it is among the first to implement statistical meta-analysis on the aforementioned literature while incorporating a cross-country comparison.

Challenges to the social motivation theory of autism: The dangers of counteracting an imprecise theory with even more imprecision

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Uljarević ◽  
Giacomo Vivanti ◽  
Susan R. Leekam ◽  
Antonio Y. Hardan
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Motivation Theory ◽  
The Social

Abstract The arguments offered by Jaswal & Akhtar to counter the social motivation theory (SMT) do not appear to be directly related to the SMT tenets and predictions, seem to not be empirically testable, and are inconsistent with empirical evidence. To evaluate the merits and shortcomings of the SMT and identify scientifically testable alternatives, advances are needed on the conceptualization and operationalization of social motivation across diagnostic boundaries.

Integrating perspectives: How the development of second-personal competence lays the foundation for a second-personal morality

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Corbit ◽  
Chris Moore
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Competence ◽  
Triadic Interactions ◽  
Personal Morality ◽  
Integrative Process

Abstract The integration of first-, second-, and third-personal information within joint intentional collaboration provides the foundation for broad-based second-personal morality. We offer two additions to this framework: a description of the developmental process through which second-personal competence emerges from early triadic interactions, and empirical evidence that collaboration with a concrete goal may provide an essential focal point for this integrative process.

Men Are Hierarchical, Women Are Egalitarian: An Implicit Gender Stereotype

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Schmid Mast
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Two Samples

The goal of the present study was to provide empirical evidence for the existence of an implicit hierarchy gender stereotype indicating that men are more readily associated with hierarchies and women are more readily associated with egalitarian structures. To measure the implicit hierarchy gender stereotype, the Implicit Association Test (IAT, Greenwald et al., 1998) was used. Two samples of undergraduates (Sample 1: 41 females, 22 males; Sample 2: 35 females, 37 males) completed a newly developed paper-based hierarchy-gender IAT. Results showed that there was an implicit hierarchy gender stereotype: the association between male and hierarchical and between female and egalitarian was stronger than the association between female and hierarchical and between male and egalitarian. Additionally, men had a more pronounced implicit hierarchy gender stereotype than women.

Socially Shared Regulation of Learning: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Panadero ◽  
Sanna Järvelä
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Optimal Form ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recorded Observation ◽  
Socially Shared Regulation

Abstract. Socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL) has been recognized as a new and growing field in the framework of self-regulated learning theory in the past decade. In the present review, we examine the empirical evidence to support such a phenomenon. A total of 17 articles addressing SSRL were identified, 13 of which presented empirical evidence. Through a narrative review it could be concluded that there is enough data to maintain the existence of SSRL in comparison to other social regulation (e.g., co-regulation). It was found that most of the SSRL research has focused on characterizing phenomena through the use of mixed methods through qualitative data, mostly video-recorded observation data. Also, SSRL seems to contribute to students’ performance. Finally, the article discusses the need for the field to move forward, exploring the best conditions to promote SSRL, clarifying whether SSRL is always the optimal form of collaboration, and identifying more aspects of groups’ characteristics.

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