scholarly journals Let’s talk about pain and opioids: Low pitch and creak in medical consultations

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joseph Torres ◽  
Stephen G. Henry ◽  
Vaidehi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
Context Specific

In recent years, the opioid crisis in the United States has sparked significant discussion on doctor–patient interactions concerning chronic pain treatments, but little to no attention has been given to investigating the vocal aspects of patient talk. This exploratory sociolinguistic study intends to fill this knowledge gap by employing prosodic discourse analysis to examine context-specific linguistic features used by the interlocutors of two distinct medical interactions. We found that patients employed both low pitch and creak as linguistic resources when describing chronic pain, narrating symptoms and requesting opioids. The situational use of both features informs us about the linguistic ways in which patients frame fraught issues like chronic pain in light of the current opioid crisis. This study expands the breadth of phonetic analysis within the domain of discourse analysis, serving to illuminate discussions surrounding the illocutionary role of the lower vocal tract in expressing emotions.

scholarly journals Managing Chronic Pain in an Opioid Crisis: What Is the Role of Shared Decision-Making?

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1239-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne S. Matthias ◽  
Tasneem L. Talib ◽  
Monica A. Huffman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Opioid Crisis

Implications of the Opioid Crisis for the American Disability Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Mykal J. Leslie ◽  
Kathleen Sheppard-Jones ◽  
Malachy L. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rehabilitation Counseling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe profession of rehabilitation counseling has long been responsive to emerging disabilities. To date, however, the profession's attention and response to the ongoing opioid crisis in the United States has been incommensurate with the scope and detriment of opioids and opioid use disorder (OUD) on Americans with disabilities. The opioid crisis, including the overuse, abuse, and overdose rates associated with prescription and illegal opioids, affects people of all ages and backgrounds. However, people with disabilities are at increased risk for developing OUDs, and they experience greater barriers to OUD treatment than people without disabilities.MethodThis article describes the origins and development of this crisis, the relationship between disability and increased risk for OUD, and the barriers to treatment that exist. We then evaluate the role of rehabilitation counseling, including the need for further action in advocacy, research, education, and policy.Results and ConclusionsThroughout this article, we encourage a more urgent and concerted response than seems to be the case presently.

scholarly journals 'Judgemental Category' is the Major Concept in Ntozake Shange's “For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide/When the Rainbow is Enuf”

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Black American Women

This paper aims to explore the frequencies of using the Attitudinal resources in Shange‟s Postmodern American drama “For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide/When the Rainbow is Enuf”. The purpose of that investigation is to make a comparative analysis among all three types of Attitude categories which are: Appreciation, Judgment, and Affect. In order to accomplish the role of being the spokesperson of black American women in the United States of America by delivering the real agony and oppression that those people faced because of their class, gender, and race. The playwright has presented and cantered on seven black women who encountered some form of neglect, harassment, and abuse; either emotionally, sexually, or physically. The analysing process has presented that the playwright had utilized many linguistic resources; „Judgement‟. This category is considered as one of the major Attitudinal systems in the discourse-semantic appraisal mode within Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) for interpersonal meanings. Judgement is connected with the evaluation of black women‟s characters as well as their behaviours in this literary text. This article intends to discover the reason behind the heavy use of that category compared with the other two types of Attitudinal system. The paper has adopted qualitative and quantitative methods to conduct the objectives of the Attitudinal resources in the selected data sets. This paper has concluded that in the Attitude category, Judgement turned to be the most presentation system comparing with the other Attitudinal types which are Affect and Appreciation. Moreover, within the scope of Judgement „Propriety‟ and „Tenacity‟ have exceeded other judgmental subtypes.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT (SCAFFOLDING) IN SUBJECT-LANGUAGE TRAINING: VISUALIZATION OF LEARNING THROUGH A SYSTEM-FUNCTIONAL MULTIMODAL APPROACH

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
M. E. Kakimova ◽  
E. V. Sabiev ◽  
G. Zh. Ensegenova
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Visual Thinking ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Its Analysis

When learning a second foreign language, students often face numerous problems, one of which is the lack of linguistic resources of the language being studied. The most effective solution to this problem can be the use of methodological supports (scaffolding) in the context of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). This article examines the possibility of using visual thinking as a potentially valuable multi-modal tool for the development and understanding of scientific content by students in the context of CLIL through discourse analysis. It is known that the discourse has a focus on pragmatics, on various linguistic situations, on communication and on the text as a whole. It is assumed that discourse and its analysis are considered as a process and a result in the form of a text at the same time.

scholarly journals The Dominance of Power Over the Figure of Donald Trump in the Official Presidential Speech of the United States of America (The United States Recognizes Jerusalem as The Capital Of Israel): A Discourse Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ayu Tiara Maretha
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Political Actor ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Presidential Speech ◽  
Moving Groups

The act to boost nation building is not separated from the role of a political actor who represents a country. Donald Trump’s decision to finally recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel is very contrary to US foreign policy over the past 7 decades, which makes it controversial. This raises questions about the dominance of power over a figure of the President of United States in representing his role as a political actor. This research aims to analyze the dominance of power over a figure of Donald Trump as The President of United States through his official presidential speech on recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. Using a discourse analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk, this research is done by analyzing structures of language based on the full transcript of the video, as The basic assumption of the study of critical discourse is that the language used for various functions has various consequences, whether it is governing, influencing, deciphering, filing, manipulating moving groups or persuading. It can also be implied that certain statement of a powerful political leader can be used to support nation building, in this case is the United States as a superpower. Keywords: domination, power, Trump, nation building, United States, discourse, Van Dijk

scholarly journals Explaining "-splain" in digital discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
American English ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Digital Discourse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sociopolitical Climate

Combining digital discourse analysis and Citizen Sociolinguistics, methodological frames that contend with the effects of evolving digital practices, I present an approach to studying sociolinguistic trends by investigating how social media users talk about what language is doing. This approach is applicable to research on a wide range of linguistic and cultural contexts. The particular focus in this paper, however, is on U.S.-based social issues and linguistic features of American English as they appear in pieces of digital discourse from the micro-blogging platforms Twitter and Tumblr. Situated within the highly fractured sociopolitical climate of the pandemic-afflicted United States, the language under discussion provides a glimpse of some historically relevant sociocultural beliefs and attitudes towards the role of gender and racial identity in sociopolitical discourse. Focusing on uses of -splain, a metapragmatic bound morpheme, the paper demonstrates how social media users assemble lexical, discursive, and other semiotic resources as means for negotiating sociopragmatic appropriateness. The analysis shows how the usage of words like mansplain encompass the sociolinguistic process of enregisterment through practices of linguistic reflexivity, creativity, and regimentation – practices that are essential aspects of interaction and participation in social media. Using these enregistered metapragmatic words problematizes imbalances in users’ sociopragmatic ideologies, namely who can or cannot say what, to whom, and in what manner. I show how creative metapragmatic language is deployed to discuss issues of entitlement and epistemic authority in communicative dynamics. I draw on theoretical frames that reveal how the recontextualization and resemiotization of -splain words and other metapragmatic neologisms are performances of identity. I also show how splain-mediated communication facilitates users in achieving their own discursive intentions to point out language in judgmental and/or lighthearted manners. I assert that attention to metapragmatic neologisms in the perspective of Citizen Sociolinguistics enhances the analytical repertoire of digital discourse analysis.

Ketamine as a Vehicle for Change in Chronic Pain and Comorbid Addiction

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Siddarth Singh Arora
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Severe Withdrawal ◽  
Replacement Treatment ◽  
Complex Patients ◽  
High Degree

Chronic pain is a disease that affects hundreds of millions of Americans and costs the United States billions of dollars a year. It is a disease that has both physical and psychological effects, posing a difficult therapeutic challenge. Innovations in interventional treatments continue to improve, but our pharmacological options have yet to catch up, with opioids remaining as one of the more effective treatments still available. Unfortunately, its rapid onset of pain relief coupled with its highly addictive potential has directly contributed to our current opioid crisis. One way to curb the epidemic is the use of a well-established opioid replacement treatment, buprenorphine, which has a high degree of efficacy in chronic pain and minimal risk of intoxication and overdose. A major limitation to its use is the initial induction stage, whereby the patient experiences severe withdrawal, cravings, and worsening pain. A novel solution in treating chronic pain patients with comorbid addiction may be the use of a low dose series of sub-anesthetic intravenous ketamine infusions as a bridge to buprenorphine therapy during the induction phase. There is emerging evidence that subanesthetic doses of ketamine may be a better option in treating these complex patients, as it has been shown to display robust analgesic activity, favorable effects on mood, reductions in relapse rates, and minimal side effects. Here we review the currently available literature supporting this. Given the current opioid crisis and the lack of safe and effective alternative pharmacological treatments, developing a better pain management strategy would be of great clinical and societal value. Key words: Ketamine, opioid withdrawal, chronic pain, opioid addiction, buprenorphine, opioid epidemic

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

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