Marking time in ethnography: Uncovering temporal dispositions

Ethnography ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinikka Elliott ◽  
Josephine Ngo McKelvy ◽  
Sarah Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Marking Time

In this paper, we reflect on how time is appraised, organized, and managed by a group of researchers conducting an ethnography of 12 low-income families. We develop the concept of temporal dispositions: perceptions and preferences around time that in turn shape temporal practices. The concept of temporal dispositions encapsulates individuals’ background and training, agency and reflexivity, and the dynamic nature of ongoing social life and interactions through which temporal meanings may change or take on new symbolic weight. Overlaid upon each of these are larger social structures and power relations that affirm some temporal dispositions and stigmatize others. We conclude by considering the implications for ethnographic fieldworkers. We argue that analyzing the many ways researchers and participants navigate and perceive time offers insight into unspoken temporal assumptions, ideologies, and inequalities.

GREBEG MAULUD DALAM REPRESENTASI BUSANA DAN MOTIF BATIK DI KERATON YOGYAKARTA

CORAK ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renta Vulkanita Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
Change Culture ◽  
Over Time

Culture growing in Indonesia and overseas intrinsically dynamic. Nature of culture as a result of human creativity is always moving and displacement. When his journey to the vibrant place anyway, culture is likely to mix with the native culture which then grow and develop into a new culture. Culture is a strong factor that affects the mindset. Over time, society has a way of looking at the world deal, behave, and interact with each other. In other words, they have their own color and pattern of the deal while making rules in social life. Yogyakarta in Java, which is known as one of the cultural centers of Java development, especially ritual Grebeg Maulud. Ritual Grebeg Maulud over time reflecting the constantly changing movement of social change, culture, politics, economics and society in his day. Ritual is a means of connecting Grebeg Maulud transcendental between man and God (Manunggaling Kawula-Gusti) and guidance from the teachings of the holy book (Islam). But this time Grebeg Maulud also has another function, namely as a spectacle. This suggests a cultural shift from the sacred to the profane. Batik as a dress code in the Carnival celebrations Grebeg Maulud is one reflection of the existence of culture in Yogyakarta Palace. The use of batik in a ritual procession Grebeg Maulud is a tradition that continues to this day. Batik palace is considered one of the symbols of the existence of power relations by creating a specific motive for a particular class. Dynamism of culture led to the use of batik is not only a marker of power relations, but also as an exciting treat for the fashion show at the Carnival lasts Grebeg Maulud.Keyword: Grebeg, Maulud, representations, clothing, batik, palace, Yogyakarta

scholarly journals GREBEG MAULUD DALAM REPRESENTASI BUSANA DAN MOTIF BATIK DI KERATON YOGYAKARTA

CORAK ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renta Vulkanita Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
Change Culture ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Holy Book

Culture growing in Indonesia and overseas intrinsically dynamic. Nature of culture as a result ofhuman creativity is always moving and displacement. When his journey to the vibrant place anyway,culture is likely to mix with the native culture which then grow and develop into a new culture.Culture is a strong factor that affects the mindset. Over time, society has a way of looking at theworld deal, behave, and interact with each other. In other words, they have their own color andpattern of the deal while making rules in social life. Yogyakarta in Java, which is known as one of thecultural centers of Java development, especially ritual Grebeg Maulud. Ritual Grebeg Maulud overtime reflecting the constantly changing movement of social change, culture, politics, economics andsociety in his day. Ritual is a means of connecting Grebeg Maulud transcendental between man andGod (Manunggaling Kawula-Gusti) and guidance from the teachings of the holy book (Islam). But thistime Grebeg Maulud also has another function, namely as a spectacle. This suggests a cultural shiftfrom the sacred to the profane. Batik as a dress code in the Carnival celebrations Grebeg Maulud isone reflection of the existence of culture in Yogyakarta Palace. The use of batik in a ritual processionGrebeg Maulud is a tradition that continues to this day. Batik palace is considered one of the symbolsof the existence of power relations by creating a specific motive for a particular class. Dynamism ofculture led to the use of batik is not only a marker of power relations, but also as an exciting treat forthe fashion show at the Carnival lasts Grebeg Maulud. Keyword: Grebeg, Maulud, representations, clothing, batik, palace, Yogyakarta

Income Inequality and Growing Disparity: Spatial Patterns of Inequality and the Case of the USA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Glasmeier
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Many

Deemed one of the major concerns of our time, income inequality has been on the rise for decades. While there is ample discussion and a vast body of knowledge already written on the subject, the focus of this chapter is on tracing the geography of rising inequality starting in the 1970s. An absence of support to maintain a middle class, an erosion of the value of wage labour, and stagnant minimum wages are a few of the many reasons for rising income inequality. Data show that inequality is highest in areas where there are growing disparities in the difference of employment opportunities between high- and low-income families. Evidence also suggests income and wealth gaps go hand in hand. If you do not own anything now your chances of ever owning anything in the future are bleak despite the pacification accorded the American dream. While this chapter highlights events and policies within the USA, rising income inequality is a significant global issue.

Brazil: Celso Garcia, 787 Building Restoration for Social Housing Purposes

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Marcelo Kehdi Gomes Rodrigues ◽  
Adelcke Rossetto Netto
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Bank Branch ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Work Cooperative ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

Celso Garcia, 787, one of the many derelict buildings in the centre of São Paulo, was converted into housing for 84 low-income families. Members of the ULC popular housing movement occupied the vacant former bank branch and, with technical support from the Integra Interdisciplinary Work Cooperative, converted the building into affordable apartments. The project works toward the reversal of the process of exodus from the city centre, proposing housing alternatives in central areas that have lost part of their population in the last several years yet remain rich in urban infrastructure.

Negotiating Corporatized Development

Gender Effect ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Moeller
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Knowledge Capital ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Relational Perspective ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insight Into

Chapter 6 examines the power relations underlying NGOs’ uneven negotiations of the Girl Effect. For insight into the nature of these dynamics, this chapter considers the conditions that enabled one NGO to theorize and act beyond the terms of the Nike Foundation’s power/knowledge/capital regime while another NGO was constrained by them. It focuses on the material and nonmaterial resources the NGOs mobilized, including expertise and authority, education and training, and administrative and financial independence, as well as time and space, and it examines the boundaries of possibility that resulted from a curricular, pedagogical, and relational perspective.

Toward Thriving Families

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Maxine Eichner
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Paid Parental Leave ◽  
The Many

This chapter addresses three concerns that might arise when considering whether to adopt pro-family policies. First, it assesses whether adopting pro-family programs will make our economy less competitive. In answer, it demonstrates that countries that have adopted pro-family policies have experienced as much or more growth in GDP per hour worked in the last decades as the United States has. Furthermore, the employment rates in countries that have adopted pro-family policy are actually higher than our own. Second, the chapter considers whether the costs of pro-family programs, including paid parental leave, child benefits, and universal daycare and prekindergarten, would be prohibitively high. It demonstrates that the additional costs of pro-family programs could be readily absorbed either simply by shifting existing total social welfare spending to spend more on children publicly without paying a penny more overall or by raising taxes in a manner that placed no added burden on middle- and low-income families. Third and finally, the chapter considers whether pro-family policy would stifle Americans’ freedom. Free-market proponents who equate unregulated capitalism with freedom, this section shows, overlook the many ways that market pressures are increasingly constraining Americans’ lives.

scholarly journals How Much Can Really Be Saved by Rolling Back SCHIP? The Net Cost of Public Health Insurance for Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Selden ◽  
Julie L. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Cost

A growing body of research demonstrates the many benefits of expanded public coverage for children. Expansions in Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) have helped to increase insurance coverage, increase access to care, and reduce the financial burdens facing low-income families. Less attention has been focused on the cost of expanding public coverage. We argue that budgetary data may exaggerate the net costs of these expansions because many of the highest-cost children would have received publicly funded care even if the expansions had not taken place. Using data from the 2000 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we simulate the net cost of SCHIP, finding that the true cost of this program–both to states and to the federal government–is substantially less than average spending per enrollee would suggest. Our results strengthen the benefit-cost argument against implementing rollbacks in SCHIP.

scholarly journals Analysis of the inequality of people at risk at the regional level

2021 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Marina Lesnichaya ◽  
Oksana Kolchina
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Risk Categories

The phenomenon of poverty occurs in any modern society. The avalanche-like increase of this phenomenon has become the most important problem of social life. Unfortunately, the assessment of the poverty rate is often reduced to the indicator of cost of living, which reflects only the satisfaction of physiological requirements. This indicator is the base of targeted social assistance determination. Therefore, the main condition for providing this type of support is the identification of categories of deprived low-income families. The successful practice of “region’s poverty profile building” was implemented In Rostov region. It aimed at identifying low-income population with maximum decomposition of needy population characteristics. The article proposes a mechanism for improving this service by expanding the typology of low-income population, including the “risk” categories, in other words people who receive wages above the minimum of subsistence, but do not have their own property. On the base of statistical analysis, the study proved the need to include this category of households in the register of those who are eligible for compulsory social support by the authorities, which can significantly affect the improvement in their quality of life. Subsequently, it is possible to amend federal legislation and region’s poverty profile.

Demonstrating Nutrient Cost Gradients: A Brooklyn Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Karp ◽  
Gary Wong ◽  
Marguerite Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Caloric Density ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Introduction: Foods dense in micronutrients are generally more expensive than those with higher energy content. These cost-differentials may put low-income families at risk of diminished micronutrient intake. Objectives: We sought to determine differences in the cost for iron, folate, and choline in foods available for purchase in a low-income community when assessed for energy content and serving size. Methods: Sixty-nine foods listed in the menu plans provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for low-income families were considered, in 10 domains. The cost and micronutrient content for-energy and per-serving of these foods were determined for the three micronutrients. Exact Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparisons of energy costs; Spearman rho tests for comparisons of micronutrient content. Ninety families were interviewed in a pediatric clinic to assess the impact of food cost on food selection. Results: Significant differences between domains were shown for energy density with both cost-for-energy (p < 0.001) and cost-per-serving (p < 0.05) comparisons. All three micronutrient contents were significantly correlated with cost-for-energy (p < 0.01). Both iron and choline contents were significantly correlated with cost-per-serving (p < 0.05). Of the 90 families, 38 (42 %) worried about food costs; 40 (44 %) had chosen foods of high caloric density in response to that fear, and 29 of 40 families experiencing both worry and making such food selection. Conclusion: Adjustments to USDA meal plans using cost-for-energy analysis showed differentials for both energy and micronutrients. These differentials were reduced using cost-per-serving analysis, but were not eliminated. A substantial proportion of low-income families are vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies.

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