Brazil: Celso Garcia, 787 Building Restoration for Social Housing Purposes

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Marcelo Kehdi Gomes Rodrigues ◽  
Adelcke Rossetto Netto
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Bank Branch ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Work Cooperative ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

Celso Garcia, 787, one of the many derelict buildings in the centre of São Paulo, was converted into housing for 84 low-income families. Members of the ULC popular housing movement occupied the vacant former bank branch and, with technical support from the Integra Interdisciplinary Work Cooperative, converted the building into affordable apartments. The project works toward the reversal of the process of exodus from the city centre, proposing housing alternatives in central areas that have lost part of their population in the last several years yet remain rich in urban infrastructure.

Social Housing Transformation Practices in Constantine: Lessons from Ali Mendjeli

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Tahar Bellal ◽  
Ouafa Saighi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Housing Shortage ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Transformation Procedure ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Low Income Families

This study is addressing the widespread transformation activities made to government-built housing intended for low income urban households. These unauthorised self-help transformation activities indicate not only people's willingness to become actively involved in the housing process but also demonstrate the potential for low income families to invest to improve their living conditions. In this paper we examine the changes made to the internal layouts of multi-story walk-up flats in the recently implemented satellite town of "Ali Mendjeli" in Constantine which is one of the newly adopted solutions to ease Constantine saturated city centre, and also to respond to an acute housing shortage. These transformation activities have an effect on dwelling size, cultural norms, and internal maintenance. A survey has been conducted in selected projects and socio-economic data has been collected from a sample of dwellings. The findings of the study point to the factors, which encourage these transformations, help to understand the motives and means used by the residents in the transformation procedure, find out the characteristics of these transformations, and assess means, which can be used to plan for future transformations in proposed housing schemes. Thus, this paper tends to understand the alterations carried out by the users, and to propose recommendations in order to attenuate this phenomenon.

Favelas, Affordable Housing, and Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s–1970s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Benmergui
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Military Regimes ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

As the number of favelas and poor residents of Rio de Janeiro grew quickly by the mid-20th century, they became the object of policymaking, social science research, real estate speculation, and grassroots mobilization. After a decade in which local authorities recognized the de facto presence of favelas but without legally ascertaining the right of permanence, the 1960s and early 1970s witnessed the era of mass eradication. Seemingly contradictory—but complementary—policies also included the development of massive low-income housing complexes and innovative community development and favela urbanization experiences empowered by community organizations with the assistance of experts committed to improving the lives of poor Cariocas (residents of Rio). Favelas in Rio were at the crossroads of a particular interplay of forces: the urgent need to modernize Rio’s obsolete and inadequate urban infrastructure; the new administrative status of the city after the inauguration of Brasilia; and the redefinition of the balance of power between local, municipal, and federal forces in a time of radical politics and authoritarian and technocratic military regimes, Cold War diplomacy, and the transnational flows of expertise and capital.

The Coppergate helmet

Antiquity ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 56 (218) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Addyman ◽  
Nicholas Pearson ◽  
Dominic Tweddle
Keyword(s):  
York City ◽  
City Council ◽  
First Century ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
The Many ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
The City ◽  
Organic Remains

Coppergate, one of the many York streets with a name of Scandinavian derivation, runs through the heart of modern York, though it lies some way outside the Roman legionary fortress. Evidently the Roman Ouse Bridge had, by the Viking Age, been replaced by another, further downstream, and this had caused the city centre to shift. In the mid-1970s York City Council decided to clear and develop five of the long narrow properties which run back from Coppergate towards the nearby River Foss. York Archaeological Trust carried out preliminary investigations which showed that well-preserved Anglo-Scandinavian buildings were to be found on the site, with organic remains excellently preserved in the waterlogged deposits. The Trust therefore chose to excavate four of the tenements before development began. Five years of continuous work on the site produced an occupation sequence which began with timber buildings of the first century AD, canabae outside the Roman fortress.

scholarly journals Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics of Waste Collector Children in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed Hossain ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Niaz Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The City

Generally in the city areas of developing countries, children from the poor and low income families are involved in a range of risky, unhealthy, and environmentally hazardous economic activities and trades. One of these common activities concerns collecting recyclable waste form the street or landfill areas. To understand the socioeconomic characteristics of these waste collector children, this study collected data from fifty children who engaged in waste collection in the landfill of Matuail in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The data were collected by questionnaire guide, and the samples were selected based on convenient random sampling. This study analyses the socioeconomic conditions of these waste collector children by focussing on such characteristics as their demographic profile, economic affiliation, and nature of the waste collection task. This empirical study may inform and illuminate the relevant policy makers and field activists in widening their understanding of the life and living of this vulnerable group.

scholarly journals Identification of Urban Park Quality in Taman Indonesia Kaya, Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Intan Muning Harjanti
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Cultural Arts ◽  
Activity Factor ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
The Many ◽  
Cleanliness Factor ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Toilets

Based on observations and the results of the analysis, it was shown that Taman Indonesia Kaya already fulfilled the quality park standards. In the aspect of needs, the comfort factor has been fulfilled by the presence of park benches and garden lights in good condition, the cleanliness factor has been fulfilled by the existence of a trash with a sorting system, public toilets and disabled toilets in a clean condition, health factors have been fulfilled with the presence of acid trees, pandanus leaves and canna flowers, and safety factors have been fulfilled with the availability of a monitor bench gazebo and lighting lamps that function optimally. In the aspect of rights, the accessibility factor has been fulfilled, because of its strategic location and is in the city centre and traversed by the Trans Semarang route, the freedom of activity factor have been fulfilled by the existence of a fountain garden, cultural stage and green space, and the diversity of activity factors have been fulfilled by the existence of the Pandawa park , mural gates, fountain shows, cultural arts performances, and various paintings. In the meanings aspect, the place clarity factor is indicated by the presence of information boards and signage that are scattered in the corner of the park, and the sociability factor have been fulfilled by the many of spaces in the park area that can be used for socializing, such as: paving fields, sidewalks, green spaces , and the cultural stage. 

Una storia utile. Il Palazzo del Podestŕ di Mantova

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 56-77
Author(s):  
Juri Badalini ◽  
Luca Valisi ◽  
Davide del Curto ◽  
Marco Cofani ◽  
Verena Frignani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
The Veil ◽  
The Many ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

- The ancient municipal palaces of mediaeval origin define the structure and image of the city centre of Mantua where they deserve better treatment after being progressively abandoned during the course of the 20th Century. The city administration, in co-operation with the conservation authority, started a programme in 2006 for the integrated restoration of more than 200 interiors in the Palace of Podestŕ and it gave the university the task of organising a project to acquire information on these buildings and help identify potential new uses. The paper presents a summary of the studies on the palace, surveys, diagnostic investigations and historical and archive research started more than a decade ago by the late Arturo Sandrini, designed to document and restore this complex which is a true and genuine repository of historical and archaeological information in the heart of the city. Behind the veil of the façades, recomposed after 1461 by Giovan Antonio d'Arezzo and repaired during restoration work in the last century, lies a dense stratification of continuous modifications, at times stately and at times humble, a background against which the still valuable mediaeval fragments stand out. The results include the identification of the many construction and distributive details, the fruit of difficult construction work over many centuries, and the characterisation of the conservation and restoration constraints which the final design will have to work with in a delicate balance between the requirements of conservation and those of public use.

STUDIES IN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
Kannarkat P. Verghese ◽  
Roland B. Scott ◽  
Gertrude Teixeira ◽  
Angella D. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Low Income ◽  
North American ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The City

Physical measurements were obtained from 2,632 healthy North American Negro children of low income families. Their ages ranged from 3 months to 17 years. Comparison with similar studies revealed the height and weight of the Negro children to be similar to those of North American Caucasian children. However, the head circumference and stem length were found to be consistently smaller than Caucasian children. At 1 year of age the weight, head, and chest circumferences of Negro infants of this study were significantly smaller than the same measurements previously reported for infants of the same race from middle income families in the city. Comparison is also made with studies on Negro children in West Africa and Jamaica.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding and feeding patterns in three birth cohorts in Southern Brazil: trends and differentials

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl 3) ◽  
pp. s409-s416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Iná S. Santos ◽  
Aluisio J. D. Barros ◽  
Bernardo L. Horta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
The City

Breastfeeding is fundamental for child health. Changes in the duration of breastfeeding are compared for three population-based cohorts of children born in 1982, 1993 and 2004 in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Samples of the 1982 and 1993 children and all of the children from the 2004 cohort study were sought at home when they were aged around 12 months. Both the duration of breastfeeding and the stage at which different kind of foods were regularly introduced were investigated. The median duration of breastfeeding increased from 3.1 to 6.8 months in this period. Exclusive breastfeeding at three months was practically non-existent in 1982 and had reached one third of infants by 2004. The increase was faster after 1993, suggesting an important impact made by promotion activities. Up to about 6-9 months, breastfeeding was more prevalent in high-income families, but after this age it became more common among the poor. Low birth weight babies were breastfeed for shorter durations. The duration of breastfeeding is still far short of international recommendations, justifying further campaigns. Special attention should be given to low birth weight babies and those from low-income families.

scholarly journals Sensação térmica urbana em área residencial planejada no município de Santarém – Pará, Amazônia, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Gedinara Paiva dos Santos ◽  
Rodolfo Maduro Almeida ◽  
Elton Raniere Da Silva Moura ◽  
Leidiane Leão Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
15 A 18 ◽  
The City

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as variáveis microclimáticas, percepção e sensação térmica urbana de habitantes de um residencial planejado para famílias de baixa renda, na cidade de Santarém- Pará. Foi coletado dados de temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento, além de aplicações de formulários pré-estabelecidos. O experimento ocorreu no dia 15 de agosto de 2018, em um transecto com sete pontos no residencial. Foram aplicados formulários em área interna (casas) e externa no total de 115 formulários, para uma população com idade de 15 a 60 anos. Com as informações microclimáticas do local foram calculados os índices de Temperatura e Umidade, de Temperatura e Umidade modificado e Temperatura Efetiva em função do Vento, os quais foram correlacionados com as sensações subjetivas da população do local. Os resultados indicam que o índice de Temperatura Efetiva em função do Vento foi o mais compatível com a sensação e a percepção pessoal dos entrevistados. Ficou bem evidente o desconforto térmico sentido pela população, entre o período de 12 a 15 h na área externa e 15 a 18 h na área interna (casas). A temperatura de brilho no recorte do residencial Salvação houve um aumento gradativo da temperatura de 27 a 30°C ao longo do transecto, em comparação com uma área de ocupação à frente, é possível verificar as maiores temperatura com 33°C. Sugerimos um planejamento urbano que incluam casas com padrões arquitetônicos compatíveis com o clima da região, principalmente que levem consideração o conforto ambiental para os cidadãos de menor poder aquisitivo. Além da criação de parques públicos com vegetação e áreas de passeio público com arborização adequada, para amenizar o microclima local desses bairros.   Urban thermal sensation in planned residential area in the municipality of Santarém – Pará, Amazônia, Brasil   R E S U M OThe objective of this research was to evaluate the microclimatic variables, perception and urban thermal sensation of residents of a residential area planned for low income families in the city of Santarém-Pará. It was collected from data of temperature, relative air humidity and wind speed, in addition to pre-set application applications. The experiment occurred on August 15, 2018, in a transect with seven points in the residential. Forms were applied in internal area (houses) and external in the total of 115 forms, for a population aged 15 to 60 years. With the microclimatic information of the place were calculated the Temperature and Humidity, Temperature and Humidity modified and Temperature Effective as a function of the Wind, which were correlated with the subjective sensations of the local population. The results indicate that the Effective Temperature index as a function of the Wind was the most compatible with the sensation and the personal perception of the interviewees. It was very evident the thermal discomfort felt by the population, between the period of 12 to 15 h in the external area and 15 to 18 h in the internal area (houses). The brightness temperature in the residential trim cutout there is a gradual increase in temperature from 27 to 30 ° C along the transect, compared to a forward occupancy area, it is possible to check the highest temperature at 33 ° C.Keywords: Thermal Comfort, Planned area, Urban climate.

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